August von Brunswick-Lüneburg, engraving after Anselm van Hulle (1717)
Augustus was born at Dannenberg Castle, the seventh child of Duke Henry of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1533–1598). His father had ruled over the Brunswick Principality of Lüneburg, jointly with his younger brother William, since 1559. Ten years later, however, upon his marriage with Ursula, a daughter of the Ascanian duke Francis I of Saxe-Lauenburg, he had to waive all rights and claims and was compensated with the small Dannenberg lordship. Moreover, he received an annual payment and had reserved the inheritance right of his descendants should the Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel line become extinct.
Augustus was the seventh and youngest child from the marriage of Henry and Ursula. With little chance to take up any rule in the Brunswick lands, he concentrated on his studies in Rostock, Tübingen, and Straßburg. Afterwards, he travelled on a Grand Tour through Italy, France, the Netherlands, and England. Back in Germany at the age of 25, he took his residence in Hitzacker, where he spent the next three decades with a small court, continuing his studies.
Succession arose in the midst of the Thirty Years' War, when the last Wolfenbüttel prince, Duke Frederick Ulrich of Brunswick-Lüneburg died without heirs in 1634. After lengthy and complicated negotiations with his reluctant Welf relatives and an intervention by Emperor Ferdinand II, it was finally agreed that Augustus should inherit the Wolfenbüttel principality. Because of the ongoing war, he had to stay at Dankwarderode Castle in Braunschweig and could not move to his residence until 1644. Soon after, Augustus instituted a number of government reforms, and founded the Bibliotheca Augusta (now the Herzog August Bibliothek). After the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, the Wolfenbüttel lands recovered quickly under his capable rule.
Augustus in his library, engraving by Conrad Buno, about 1650
Augustus was a promoter of German as language of literature. Under the pseudonymGustavus Selenus, he wrote a book on chess in 1616, Chess or the King's Game, and a standard reference on cryptography in 1624: Cryptomenytices et Cryptographiae libri IX (Gustavi Seleni).[1] The pseudonym itself is a cryptic reference to his name, Gustavus anagrams (with U=V) to Augustus, the surname is a play on the Greek goddess of the moon (Selene). The book on cryptography is largely based on earlier works by Johannes Trithemius.
^Gustavi Seleni (1624). "Gustavi Seleni Cryptomenytices et cryptographiae libri IX : in quibus & planissima Steganographiae a Johanne Trithemio, abbate Spanheymensi & Herbipolensi, admirandi ingenij viro, magice & aenigmatice olim conscriptae, enodatio traditur : inspersis ubique authoris ac aliorum, non contemnendis inventis".
augustus, duke, brunswick, other, people, with, same, name, augustus, brunswick, lüneburg, augustus, april, 1579, september, 1666, called, younger, german, august, jüngere, member, house, welf, duke, brunswick, lüneburg, estate, division, house, welf, 1635, re. For other people with the same name see Augustus of Brunswick Luneburg Augustus II 10 April 1579 17 September 1666 called the Younger German August der Jungere a member of the House of Welf was Duke of Brunswick Luneburg In the estate division of the House of Welf of 1635 he received the Principality of Wolfenbuttel which he ruled until his death Considered one of the most literate princes of his time he is known for founding the Herzog August Library at his Wolfenbuttel residence then the largest collection of books and manuscripts north of the Alps Augustus the YoungerDuke of Brunswick LuneburgDuke Augustus 1666 paintingPrince of Brunswick WolfenbuttelReign1635 1666PredecessorFrederick UlrichSuccessorRudolph AugustusBorn 1579 04 10 10 April 1579Dannenberg Principality of Luneburg Brunswick LuneburgDied17 September 1666 1666 09 17 aged 87 Wolfenbuttel Principality of Brunswick Wolfenbuttel Brunswick LuneburgNoble familyHouse of WelfSpouse s Clara Maria of Pomerania BarthDorothea of Anhalt ZerbstElisabeth Sophie of MecklenburgIssueHenry AugustRudolph AugustSibylle UrsulaKlara AugusteAnton UlrichFerdinand Albert IMarie ElisabethFatherHenry Duke of Brunswick LuneburgMotherUrsula of Saxe Lauenburg Contents 1 Life 2 Marriage and children 3 Ancestors 4 References 5 External linksLife Edit August von Brunswick Luneburg engraving after Anselm van Hulle 1717 Augustus was born at Dannenberg Castle the seventh child of Duke Henry of Brunswick Luneburg 1533 1598 His father had ruled over the Brunswick Principality of Luneburg jointly with his younger brother William since 1559 Ten years later however upon his marriage with Ursula a daughter of the Ascanian duke Francis I of Saxe Lauenburg he had to waive all rights and claims and was compensated with the small Dannenberg lordship Moreover he received an annual payment and had reserved the inheritance right of his descendants should the Brunswick Wolfenbuttel line become extinct Augustus was the seventh and youngest child from the marriage of Henry and Ursula With little chance to take up any rule in the Brunswick lands he concentrated on his studies in Rostock Tubingen and Strassburg Afterwards he travelled on a Grand Tour through Italy France the Netherlands and England Back in Germany at the age of 25 he took his residence in Hitzacker where he spent the next three decades with a small court continuing his studies Succession arose in the midst of the Thirty Years War when the last Wolfenbuttel prince Duke Frederick Ulrich of Brunswick Luneburg died without heirs in 1634 After lengthy and complicated negotiations with his reluctant Welf relatives and an intervention by Emperor Ferdinand II it was finally agreed that Augustus should inherit the Wolfenbuttel principality Because of the ongoing war he had to stay at Dankwarderode Castle in Braunschweig and could not move to his residence until 1644 Soon after Augustus instituted a number of government reforms and founded the Bibliotheca Augusta now the Herzog August Bibliothek After the 1648 Peace of Westphalia the Wolfenbuttel lands recovered quickly under his capable rule Augustus in his library engraving by Conrad Buno about 1650 Augustus was a promoter of German as language of literature Under the pseudonym Gustavus Selenus he wrote a book on chess in 1616 Chess or the King s Game and a standard reference on cryptography in 1624 Cryptomenytices et Cryptographiae libri IX Gustavi Seleni 1 The pseudonym itself is a cryptic reference to his name Gustavus anagrams with U V to Augustus the surname is a play on the Greek goddess of the moon Selene The book on cryptography is largely based on earlier works by Johannes Trithemius The duke employed the scholar Justus Georg Schottel as tutor of his sons he also kept an active correspondence with Johannes Valentinus Andreae a founder of the esoteric Rosicrucianism movement In 1632 he met with Prince Louis I of Anhalt Kothen and joined his Fruitbearing Society Augustus died at Wolfenbuttel and was succeeded by his eldest son Rudolph Augustus Marriage and children Edit Statue of Duke Augustus on the Wolfenbuttel market square In December 1607 he married Clara Maria of Pomerania Barth the eldest daughter of the Griffin duke Bogislaw XIII of Pomerania The marriage produced two stillborn children Clara Maria died in February 1623 In October 1623 he married Dorothea of Anhalt Zerbst daughter of the Ascanian prince Rudolph of Anhalt Zerbst They had the following children Henry August 1625 1627 Rudolph Augustus 1627 1704 Duke of Brunswick Luneburg and Duke of Brunswick Wolfenbuttelmarried firstly in 1650 Countess Christiane Elisabeth of Barby 1634 1681 married secondly in 1681 Rosine Elisabeth Menthe 1663 1701 Sibylle Ursula 1629 1671 married in 1663 Duke Christian of Schleswig Holstein Glucksburg 1627 1698 son of Philip Duke of Schleswig Holstein Sonderburg Glucksburg Klara Auguste 1632 1700 married in 1653 Duke Frederick of Wurttemberg Neuenstadt 1615 1682 Anton Ulrich 1633 1714 Duke of Brunswick Wolfenbuttelmarried in 1656 princess Elisabeth Juliane of Schleswig Holstein Norburg 1634 1704 Dorothea died in September 1634 and in 1635 Augustus married Duchess Elisabeth Sophie of Mecklenburg daughter of Duke John Albert II of Mecklenburg They had two surviving children Ferdinand Albert I 1636 1687 Duke of Brunswick Luneburgmarried in 1667 Christine of Hesse Eschwege 1649 1702 Marie Elisabeth 1638 1687 married firstly in 1663 Adolf William Duke of Saxe Eisenach married secondly in 1676 Albert V Duke of Saxe Coburg Ancestors EditAncestors of Augustus II Duke of Brunswick16 Otto V of Luneburg8 Henry I of Luneburg17 Anne of Nassau Siegen4 Ernest I Duke of Brunswick Luneburg18 Ernest Elector of Saxony9 Margarete of Saxony19 Elisabeth of Bavaria2 Henry III Duke of Brunswick Luneburg20 Magnus II Duke of Mecklenburg 30 10 Henry V Duke of Mecklenburg Schwerin21 Sophie of Pomerania Stettin 31 5 Sophia of Mecklenburg Schwerin22 John Cicero Elector of Brandenburg11 Ursula of Brandenburg23 Margarethe of Saxony1 Augustus the Younger Duke of Brunswick Wolfenbuttel24 John V Duke of Saxe Lauenburg12 Magnus I Duke of Saxe Lauenburg25 Dorothea of Brandenburg6 Francis I Duke of Saxe Lauenburg26 Henry IV Duke of Brunswick Luneburg13 Catherine of Brunswick Wolfenbuttel27 Catherine of Pomerania3 Ursula of Saxe Lauenburg28 Albert III Duke of Saxony14 Henry IV Duke of Saxony29 Sidonie of Podebrady7 Sybille of Saxony30 Magnus II Duke of Mecklenburg 20 15 Catherine of Mecklenburg31 Sophie of Pomerania Stettin 21 References Edit Gustavi Seleni 1624 Gustavi Seleni Cryptomenytices et cryptographiae libri IX in quibus amp planissima Steganographiae a Johanne Trithemio abbate Spanheymensi amp Herbipolensi admirandi ingenij viro magice amp aenigmatice olim conscriptae enodatio traditur inspersis ubique authoris ac aliorum non contemnendis inventis External links EditBibliotheca AugustaAugustus II Duke of BrunswickHouse of WelfCadet branch of the House of EsteBorn 10 April 1579 Died 17 September 1666Regnal titlesPreceded byFrederick Ulrich Duke of Brunswick LuneburgPrince of Brunswick Wolfenbuttel1635 1666 Succeeded byRudolph Augustus Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Augustus II Duke of Brunswick amp oldid 1134128041, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
