Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi (Burmese: အတုလသီရိ မဟာရာဇ ဒေဝီ[ʔətṵla̰θìɹḭməhàjàza̰dèwì]; Pali: Atulasīrimahārājadevī; c. 1518–1568) was the chief queen consort of King Bayinnaung of Burma (Myanmar) from 1550 to 1568. The queen was of Toungoo royalty, daughter of King Mingyi Nyo and younger half-sister of King Tabinshwehti. She was the mother of King Nanda. Her 1534 marriage to Bayinnaung, a commoner, solidified an unfailing alliance between Tabinshwehti and Bayinnaung who together would go on to found the Toungoo Empire (or the Second Burmese Empire).
The future queen of Burma was born Princess Thakin Gyi (သခင်ကြီး) in Toungoo (Taungoo) to King Mingyi Nyo and Khin Nwe (ခင်နွယ်), Princess of Mobye (Mong Pai).[2] Commonly known as Khin Gyi (ခင်ကြီး), the princess was likely half-Shan, a product of the system of marriage alliances among the small kingdoms that dominated Burma at the time. Her maternal grandfather was the sawbwa (chief) of the Shan state of Mobye (present-day northern Kayah State), which was a tributary of the Shan state of Thibaw (Hsipaw). Indeed, Thibaw in turn was a tributary and the only reliable ally of Ava, whose authority Mingyi Nyo had spurned in 1510. (The princess was likely related to Hkonmaing of Thibaw and his son Narapati III of Mobye who became kings of Ava between 1542 and 1551.)
When she reached teenage, the princess became romantically involved with a commoner, one Ye Htut (later Bayinnaung), who was a close confidant and adviser of her brother the king. Circa April 1534,[note 1] their affair was discovered, which under Burmese law constituted an act of treason. Some suggested to Ye Htut that he should mutiny. He refused and submitted to arrest, saying that although it was no crime to for a young man to love a young woman, it was an unpardonable crime for a soldier to break his oath of allegiance. Tabinshwehti deliberated at length with his ministers, and finally came to the conclusion that Ye Htut should be given his sister in marriage, and a princely title of Kyawhtin Nawrahta. With this decision, Tabinshwehti won the loyalty of his brother-in-law "without parallel in Burmese history". Ye Htut later received the title Bayinnaung (lit. "King's Elder Brother").[3]
Chief queenedit
Atula Thiri bore Bayinnaung a daughter and a son, early in their marriage 1534–1535. She saw her husband only a few times a year as Bayinnaung and Tabinshwehti were always away on their military campaigns: Lower Burma (1534–1541), Prome and Pagan (1542–1545), Arakan (1545–1547), and Siam (1547–1549). Indeed, her only son Nanda, then only 12, went on the 1548–1549 Siamese campaign alongside his father and uncle.[4]
Her accession as the chief queen of Burma was not a smooth one. When her brother the king was assassinated by one of his close advisers in April 1550, her husband was on a campaign to hunt down the rebels in the Irrawaddy delta. When she received the news by messenger at Pegu, she urgently forwarded the message to her husband on campaign at Dala (present-day Yangon). She immediately left Pegu, which had been taken over by rival claimants to the throne, with her two children for Dala.[5]
Atula Thiri became the chief queen on 11 January 1551 when Bayinnaung was proclaimed king at his native city of Toungoo. At Bayinnaung's coronation ceremony on 12 January 1554 (Friday, 10th waxing of Tabodwe 915 ME), she sat alongside the king, taking the title of Agga Mahethi (Pali: Aggamahesī, "Chief Queen-Consort").[6] Next year, their only daughter, elder sister of Nanda, was married off to Thado Minsaw of Ava, the youngest half-brother of Bayinnaung, in the tradition of Burmese royalty.[7] Also in 1555, Bayinnaung sent rich presents to the Temple of the Tooth at Kandy in Ceylon, and bought land there to keep lights continually burning at the shrine. The craftsmen he sent beautified the temple. He also sent brooms made out of his hair and Atula's to sweep the temple.[8]
The queen died on 15 June 1568 (Tuesday, 7th waning of 1st Waso 930) at Pegu while her husband and her son were preparing for their next campaign in Siam. The Burmese chronicles uncharacteristically report that the king was extremely shaken and saddened by the death of his first love.[1]
In popular cultureedit
She was portrayed as a character in Thai television drama many stories namely Phu Chana Sip Thit(Conqueror of the Ten Directions)(ผู้ชนะสิบทิศ) in the name Tala mae Chandra in The novel has been adapted as a television drama numerous times , including in 1958 Portrayed by darek satachan , 1971 Portrayed by Sahima sasiri, 1980 Portrayed by nantawan mekyai , 1983 Portrayed by dongjai hathaikan , 1989 Portrayed by natthaya dengBuhnga , and most recently 2013 Portrayed by Prisna kamphu siri. , and the as a character in Thai television drama namely kasattriya (กษัตริยา) 2003 in the name Chao Nang Ta kengji Portrayed by Ganjana Jindawat.[9][10] It appeared in the scene of In Part 1 of the 2007 King Naresuan film series ,which she side seated of king Bayinnaung.[11]
^The Hmannan Yazawin chronicle (Hmannan Vol. 3 2003: 61) only gives 896 ME (29 March 1534 to 29 March 1535) for the date of the marriage between Bayinnaung and Thakin Gyi (Atula Thiri). But they must have got married in early 896 ME around April 1534 since the couple had their second child, Nanda Bayin, in November 1535.
atula, thiri, maha, yaza, dewi, another, person, burmese, အတ, လသ, မဟ, ʔətṵla, θìɹḭ, məhà, jàza, dèwì, pali, atulasīrimahārājadevī, 1518, 1568, chief, queen, consort, king, bayinnaung, burma, myanmar, from, 1550, 1568, queen, toungoo, royalty, daughter, king, m. For another person see Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi of Ava Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi Burmese အတ လသ ရ မဟ ရ ဇ ဒ ဝ ʔetṵla 8iɹḭ meha jaza dewi Pali Atulasirimaharajadevi c 1518 1568 was the chief queen consort of King Bayinnaung of Burma Myanmar from 1550 to 1568 The queen was of Toungoo royalty daughter of King Mingyi Nyo and younger half sister of King Tabinshwehti She was the mother of King Nanda Her 1534 marriage to Bayinnaung a commoner solidified an unfailing alliance between Tabinshwehti and Bayinnaung who together would go on to found the Toungoo Empire or the Second Burmese Empire Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi အတ လသ ရ မဟ ရ ဇဒ ဝ Chief queen consort of BurmaTenure30 April 1550 15 June 1568Coronation11 January 1551 12 January 1554PredecessorDhamma Dewi and Khay Ma NawSuccessorSanda DewiBornc 1518Toungoo Taungoo Died15 June 1568 aged 49 50 Tuesday 7th waning of 1st Waso 930 ME 1 Pegu Bago BurialPeguSpouseBayinnaungIssueInwa Mibaya NandaNamesAgga Mahethi Atula Thiri Maha Yaza DewiHouseToungooFatherMingyi NyoMotherYadana DewiReligionTheravada Buddhism Contents 1 Early life 2 Chief queen 3 In popular culture 4 Ancestry 5 See also 6 Notes 7 References 8 BibliographyEarly life editThe future queen of Burma was born Princess Thakin Gyi သခင က in Toungoo Taungoo to King Mingyi Nyo and Khin Nwe ခင န ယ Princess of Mobye Mong Pai 2 Commonly known as Khin Gyi ခင က the princess was likely half Shan a product of the system of marriage alliances among the small kingdoms that dominated Burma at the time Her maternal grandfather was the sawbwa chief of the Shan state of Mobye present day northern Kayah State which was a tributary of the Shan state of Thibaw Hsipaw Indeed Thibaw in turn was a tributary and the only reliable ally of Ava whose authority Mingyi Nyo had spurned in 1510 The princess was likely related to Hkonmaing of Thibaw and his son Narapati III of Mobye who became kings of Ava between 1542 and 1551 When she reached teenage the princess became romantically involved with a commoner one Ye Htut later Bayinnaung who was a close confidant and adviser of her brother the king Circa April 1534 note 1 their affair was discovered which under Burmese law constituted an act of treason Some suggested to Ye Htut that he should mutiny He refused and submitted to arrest saying that although it was no crime to for a young man to love a young woman it was an unpardonable crime for a soldier to break his oath of allegiance Tabinshwehti deliberated at length with his ministers and finally came to the conclusion that Ye Htut should be given his sister in marriage and a princely title of Kyawhtin Nawrahta With this decision Tabinshwehti won the loyalty of his brother in law without parallel in Burmese history Ye Htut later received the title Bayinnaung lit King s Elder Brother 3 Chief queen editAtula Thiri bore Bayinnaung a daughter and a son early in their marriage 1534 1535 She saw her husband only a few times a year as Bayinnaung and Tabinshwehti were always away on their military campaigns Lower Burma 1534 1541 Prome and Pagan 1542 1545 Arakan 1545 1547 and Siam 1547 1549 Indeed her only son Nanda then only 12 went on the 1548 1549 Siamese campaign alongside his father and uncle 4 Her accession as the chief queen of Burma was not a smooth one When her brother the king was assassinated by one of his close advisers in April 1550 her husband was on a campaign to hunt down the rebels in the Irrawaddy delta When she received the news by messenger at Pegu she urgently forwarded the message to her husband on campaign at Dala present day Yangon She immediately left Pegu which had been taken over by rival claimants to the throne with her two children for Dala 5 Atula Thiri became the chief queen on 11 January 1551 when Bayinnaung was proclaimed king at his native city of Toungoo At Bayinnaung s coronation ceremony on 12 January 1554 Friday 10th waxing of Tabodwe 915 ME she sat alongside the king taking the title of Agga Mahethi Pali Aggamahesi Chief Queen Consort 6 Next year their only daughter elder sister of Nanda was married off to Thado Minsaw of Ava the youngest half brother of Bayinnaung in the tradition of Burmese royalty 7 Also in 1555 Bayinnaung sent rich presents to the Temple of the Tooth at Kandy in Ceylon and bought land there to keep lights continually burning at the shrine The craftsmen he sent beautified the temple He also sent brooms made out of his hair and Atula s to sweep the temple 8 The queen died on 15 June 1568 Tuesday 7th waning of 1st Waso 930 at Pegu while her husband and her son were preparing for their next campaign in Siam The Burmese chronicles uncharacteristically report that the king was extremely shaken and saddened by the death of his first love 1 In popular culture editShe was portrayed as a character in Thai television drama many stories namely Phu Chana Sip Thit Conqueror of the Ten Directions phuchnasibthis in the name Tala mae Chandra in The novel has been adapted as a television drama numerous times including in 1958 Portrayed by darek satachan 1971 Portrayed by Sahima sasiri 1980 Portrayed by nantawan mekyai 1983 Portrayed by dongjai hathaikan 1989 Portrayed by natthaya dengBuhnga and most recently 2013 Portrayed by Prisna kamphu siri and the as a character in Thai television drama namely kasattriya kstriya 2003 in the name Chao Nang Ta kengji Portrayed by Ganjana Jindawat 9 10 It appeared in the scene of In Part 1 of the 2007 King Naresuan film series which she side seated of king Bayinnaung 11 Ancestry editAncestry of Queen Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi8 Maha Thinkhaya II of Si Gyay4 Maha Thinkhaya of Toungoo9 Mekkhaya Minthami2 Mingyi Nyo10 Maha Thinkhaya I of Si Gyay5 Min Hla Nyet of Toungoo11 Min Shwe Pan1 Atula Thiri6 Saopha of Mong Pai3 Yadana Dewi of Toungoo7 Maha Dewi of Mong PaiSee also edit nbsp Myanmar portalNotes edit The Hmannan Yazawin chronicle Hmannan Vol 3 2003 61 only gives 896 ME 29 March 1534 to 29 March 1535 for the date of the marriage between Bayinnaung and Thakin Gyi Atula Thiri But they must have got married in early 896 ME around April 1534 since the couple had their second child Nanda Bayin in November 1535 References edit a b Hmannan Vol 2 2003 395 Hmannan Vol 2 2003 180 Htin Aung 1967 106 Harvey 1925 153 159 Hmannan Vol 2 2003 258 259 Hmannan Vol 2 2003 281 Hmannan Vol 2 2003 297 300 Harvey 1925 172 kstriya movie sanook com kstriya Story Siam tanansmedcphranerswrmharachBibliography editHarvey G E 1925 History of Burma From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824 London Frank Cass amp Co Ltd Htin Aung Maung 1967 A History of Burma New York and London Cambridge University Press Royal Historical Commission of Burma 1832 Hmannan Yazawin in Burmese Vol 1 3 2003 ed Yangon Ministry of Information Myanmar Atula Thiri Maha Yaza DewiToungoo DynastyBorn c 1518 Died 15 June 1568 Royal titles Preceded byDhamma Dewi and Khay Ma Naw Chief queen consort of Burma30 April 1550 15 June 1568 Succeeded bySanda Dewi Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Atula Thiri Maha Yaza Dewi amp oldid 1146843616, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
