Isfandiyar Khan, or Asfandiyar Khan (Uzbek: Isfandiyar-Xon; Russian: Асфандияр-хан; 1871 – 1 October 1918), born Isfandiyar Jurji Bahadur, was the Khan of Khiva between September 1910 and 1 October 1918, the 53rd Khan of Khiva, and the 12th Khongirad ruler of the Uzbeks.[1] He was overthrown and executed by Junaid Khan in 1918.
In 1910, after the death of his father, Muhammad Rahim Khan II, Isfandiyar Khan came to power in Khiva. Unlike his father, he did not have many special talents. Initially, the enlightened vizier Islam Khodja played a large role in the running of the state. Using his money, a cotton gin plant, a hospital, a post mail, a telegraph and a secular school were built. Between 1908 and 1910, Islam Khodja built an ensemble of buildings in the Southeast of Itchan Kala, consisting of the smallest madrasa and the largest minaret in Khiva. Islam Khodja was later killed without Isfandiyar Khan's consent.
Tsar Nicholas II awarded Isfandiyar Khan with the Orders of Saint Stanislaus and Saint Anna. In 1910, Isfandiyar was awarded the title of Major-General of the Russian Empire.[2] In 1911, he was enrolled in the Tsar's retinue. In 1913, he received the title of Royal Highness from the Tsar.
The February Revolution in Russia influenced the Khanate of Khiva. On April 5, 1917, the Young Khivans presented Isfandiyar Khan with demands for reform. The Khan was forced to publish a manifesto in which he promised to create a representative body - the Majlis, which also included members of the Young Khivans. The power of the Khan was limited by this document. The chairman of the Majlis was Young Khivan politician Boboahun Salimov. However, as Isfandiyar was a conservative, he hindered the reforms as much as he could. Many were dissatisfied with Isfandiyar Khan's actions, especially after the October Revolution, when Khivans learned about the reforms in Russia. Eventually, the political situation escalated to the point where reactionary forces took over. As a result, the Young Khiva government was overthrown and all the reforms Isfandiyar Khan announced were cancelled.[4][5]
However, the leader of the Turkmen Yomud tribe, Junaid Khan, had returned to Khiva. He launched a coup in Spring 1918 and was appointed commander of the armed forces of the Khanate, and took power almost effortlessly, soon concentrating all the power in his hands. With Isfandiyar Khan executed by Junaid Khan in the palace of Narallabay, his brother, Sayid Abdullah, became Khan.
Cultural policiesedit
During the reign of Isfandiyar Khan, new madrasas and mosques were built in Khiva. In 1912, he built the complex of Narallabay Palace (also known as the Isfandiyar Palace), in the form of a separate building which housed several ceremonial halls in rooms of various shapes. Among them, there was the throne room, built and decorated in a modern Russian style. Isfandiyar Khan ordered many elements of the new building from the St. Petersburg Imperial Porcelain Factory.
Photographer and first Uzbek film director Khudaibergen Devanov shot the first documentary in Uzbek about Isfandiyar Khan with his heir riding in the front of a car in 1910.
isfandiyar, khan, asfandiyar, khan, uzbek, isfandiyar, russian, Асфандияр, хан, 1871, october, 1918, born, isfandiyar, jurji, bahadur, khan, khiva, between, september, 1910, october, 1918, 53rd, khan, khiva, 12th, khongirad, ruler, uzbeks, overthrown, executed. Isfandiyar Khan or Asfandiyar Khan Uzbek Isfandiyar Xon Russian Asfandiyar han 1871 1 October 1918 born Isfandiyar Jurji Bahadur was the Khan of Khiva between September 1910 and 1 October 1918 the 53rd Khan of Khiva and the 12th Khongirad ruler of the Uzbeks 1 He was overthrown and executed by Junaid Khan in 1918 Isfandiyar KhanAsfandiyar han Russian Isfandiyar Xon Uzbek Isfandiyar Khan in the Winter Garden of the Small Hermitage ru Saint Petersburg 21 February 1913Khan of KhivaReignSeptember 1910 1 October 1918PredecessorMuhammad Rahim Khan IISuccessorSayid AbdullahBorn1871Khiva Khanate of Khiva present day Uzbekistan Died1 October 1918Narallabay PalaceHouseKhongirad Uzbeks FatherMuhammad Rahim Khan IIReligionSunni Islam Contents 1 Biography 2 Cultural policies 3 Awards 4 Gallery 5 ReferencesBiography editIn 1910 after the death of his father Muhammad Rahim Khan II Isfandiyar Khan came to power in Khiva Unlike his father he did not have many special talents Initially the enlightened vizier Islam Khodja played a large role in the running of the state Using his money a cotton gin plant a hospital a post mail a telegraph and a secular school were built Between 1908 and 1910 Islam Khodja built an ensemble of buildings in the Southeast of Itchan Kala consisting of the smallest madrasa and the largest minaret in Khiva Islam Khodja was later killed without Isfandiyar Khan s consent Tsar Nicholas II awarded Isfandiyar Khan with the Orders of Saint Stanislaus and Saint Anna In 1910 Isfandiyar was awarded the title of Major General of the Russian Empire 2 In 1911 he was enrolled in the Tsar s retinue In 1913 he received the title of Royal Highness from the Tsar In 1912 the Khanate of Khiva faced a revolt by Yomud Turkomans It ended in 1913 3 The February Revolution in Russia influenced the Khanate of Khiva On April 5 1917 the Young Khivans presented Isfandiyar Khan with demands for reform The Khan was forced to publish a manifesto in which he promised to create a representative body the Majlis which also included members of the Young Khivans The power of the Khan was limited by this document The chairman of the Majlis was Young Khivan politician Boboahun Salimov However as Isfandiyar was a conservative he hindered the reforms as much as he could Many were dissatisfied with Isfandiyar Khan s actions especially after the October Revolution when Khivans learned about the reforms in Russia Eventually the political situation escalated to the point where reactionary forces took over As a result the Young Khiva government was overthrown and all the reforms Isfandiyar Khan announced were cancelled 4 5 However the leader of the Turkmen Yomud tribe Junaid Khan had returned to Khiva He launched a coup in Spring 1918 and was appointed commander of the armed forces of the Khanate and took power almost effortlessly soon concentrating all the power in his hands With Isfandiyar Khan executed by Junaid Khan in the palace of Narallabay his brother Sayid Abdullah became Khan Cultural policies editDuring the reign of Isfandiyar Khan new madrasas and mosques were built in Khiva In 1912 he built the complex of Narallabay Palace also known as the Isfandiyar Palace in the form of a separate building which housed several ceremonial halls in rooms of various shapes Among them there was the throne room built and decorated in a modern Russian style Isfandiyar Khan ordered many elements of the new building from the St Petersburg Imperial Porcelain Factory Photographer and first Uzbek film director Khudaibergen Devanov shot the first documentary in Uzbek about Isfandiyar Khan with his heir riding in the front of a car in 1910 Together with the Emir of Bukhara Mohammed Alim Khan Isfandiyar Khan took part in the opening of the Saint Petersburg Mosque on February 22 1913 6 Awards editOrder of the White Eagle Order of Saint Anna Order of Saint StanislausGallery edit nbsp Portrait of Isfandiyar Khan nbsp Isfandiyar Khan in St PetersburgS M Prokudin Gorsky May 26 30 1911References edit Veselovskij N I Ocherk istoriko geograficheskih svedenij o Hivinskom hanstve SPb 1877 s 244 Tatyana Kotyukova K voinskoj povinnosti oni pitayut nepreodolimoe otvrashenie Voenno istoricheskij zhurnal 9 2001 Archived from the original on 14 July 2014 Retrieved 14 January 2012 Becker Seymour 2 August 2004 Russia s Protectorates in Central Asia Bukhara and Khiva 1865 1924 Routledge pp 180 181 ISBN 9781134335831 Gulomov H G Diplomaticheskie otnosheniya gosudarstv Srednej Azii s Rossiej v XVIII pervoj polovine XIX veka Tashkent 2005 Istoriya Uzbekistana T 3 Tashkent 1993 Sankt Peterburgskie vedomosti 23 fevralya 8 marta 1913 44 str 3 Preceded byMuhammad Rahim Khan II Khan of Khiva1910 1918 Succeeded bySayid Abdullah Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Isfandiyar Khan amp oldid 1211903826, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
