Arthur Michael was born into a wealthy family in Buffalo, New York in 1853, the son of John and Clara Michael, well-off real-estate investor.[4] He was educated in that same city, learning chemistry both from a local teacher and in his own homebuilt laboratory. An illness thwarted Michael's plans to attend Harvard, and instead in 1871 he traveled to Europe with his parents and decided to study in Germany.
Returning to the United States in 1880, Michael became Professor of Chemistry at Tufts College where he taught from 1882 to 1889. He received an A. M. degree from Tufts in 1882, and a Ph.D. in 1890.[5] At Tufts College, Michael met and married, in 1888, one of his own science students, Helen Cecilia De Silver Abbott. Following several years in England, during which the couple worked in a self-constructed laboratory on the Isle of Wight, they returned to the United States in 1894 where Arthur Michael again taught at Tufts, leaving in 1907 as an emeritus professor.
Michael's retirement from academia lasted but five years. In 1912 he became a professor of chemistry at Harvard University, and there he stayed until a second retirement, in 1936. Throughout his career, Michael worked with some of the foremost chemists of his day, obtained chemistry professorships, and achieved fame among his peers.
Arthur Michael died in Orlando, Florida on February 8, 1942.[2] His wife died in 1904. They had no children.
Work
Arthur Michael is remembered today primarily for the Michael reaction, also called the Michael addition. As originally defined by Michael, the reaction involves the combination of an enolate ion of a ketone or aldehyde to an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound at the β carbon.[6]
Michael was also well known in his day for incorporating thermodynamic concepts into organic chemistry, particularly for his use of entropy arguments. Perhaps his most enduring contribution to science was his central role in introducing the European model of graduate education into the United States.
Activities and honors
National Academy of Sciences (1889)
Arthur Michael is credited with the 1897 first ascents of Mount Lefroy and Mount Victoria in the Canadian Rockies along with J. Norman Collie, also a fellow Professor of Organic Chemistry. Michael Peak was named by his friend Edward Whymper in 1901 in his honor.[7][8][9]
References
^Costa, A. B. (April 1971). "Arthur Michael (1853-1942). The meeting of thermodynamics and organic chemistry". Journal of Chemical Education. 48 (4): 243–346. Bibcode:1971JChEd..48..243C. doi:10.1021/ed048p243.
^Poon, T.; Mundy, B. P.; Shattuck, T. W. (February 2002). "The Michael Reaction". Journal of Chemical Education. 79 (2): 264–267. Bibcode:2002JChEd..79..264P. doi:10.1021/ed079p264.
^Tokoroyama, T. (2010). "Discovery of the Michael Reaction". European Journal of Organic Chemistry. 2010 (10): 2009–2016. doi:10.1002/ejoc.200901130.
^"Prof. Arthur Michael | About | Department of Chemistry | Tufts University". chem.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2020-03-29.
^Michael, A. (1887). "Ueber die Addition von Natriumacetessig- und Natriummalonsäureäthern zu den Aethern ungesättigter Säuren". Journal für Praktische Chemie. 35: 349–356. doi:10.1002/prac.18870350136.
arthur, michael, august, 1853, february, 1942, american, organic, chemist, best, known, michael, reaction, contents, life, work, activities, honors, references, external, linkslife, edit, born, into, wealthy, family, buffalo, york, 1853, john, clara, michael, . Arthur Michael August 7 1853 February 8 1942 was an American organic chemist who is best known for the Michael reaction 1 2 3 Contents 1 Life 2 Work 3 Activities and honors 4 References 5 External linksLife EditArthur Michael was born into a wealthy family in Buffalo New York in 1853 the son of John and Clara Michael well off real estate investor 4 He was educated in that same city learning chemistry both from a local teacher and in his own homebuilt laboratory An illness thwarted Michael s plans to attend Harvard and instead in 1871 he traveled to Europe with his parents and decided to study in Germany He studied in Hofmann s chemical laboratory in Berlin at the University of Berlin he studied with Robert Bunsen at Heidelberg University and after 2 years again in Berlin with Hofmann He then studied for another year with Wurtz at the Ecole de Medecine in Paris and with Dmitri Mendeleev in St Petersburg Returning to the United States in 1880 Michael became Professor of Chemistry at Tufts College where he taught from 1882 to 1889 He received an A M degree from Tufts in 1882 and a Ph D in 1890 5 At Tufts College Michael met and married in 1888 one of his own science students Helen Cecilia De Silver Abbott Following several years in England during which the couple worked in a self constructed laboratory on the Isle of Wight they returned to the United States in 1894 where Arthur Michael again taught at Tufts leaving in 1907 as an emeritus professor Michael s retirement from academia lasted but five years In 1912 he became a professor of chemistry at Harvard University and there he stayed until a second retirement in 1936 Throughout his career Michael worked with some of the foremost chemists of his day obtained chemistry professorships and achieved fame among his peers Arthur Michael died in Orlando Florida on February 8 1942 2 His wife died in 1904 They had no children Work EditArthur Michael is remembered today primarily for the Michael reaction also called the Michael addition As originally defined by Michael the reaction involves the combination of an enolate ion of a ketone or aldehyde to an a b unsaturated carbonyl compound at the b carbon 6 Michael was also well known in his day for incorporating thermodynamic concepts into organic chemistry particularly for his use of entropy arguments Perhaps his most enduring contribution to science was his central role in introducing the European model of graduate education into the United States Activities and honors EditNational Academy of Sciences 1889 Arthur Michael is credited with the 1897 first ascents of Mount Lefroy and Mount Victoria in the Canadian Rockies along with J Norman Collie also a fellow Professor of Organic Chemistry Michael Peak was named by his friend Edward Whymper in 1901 in his honor 7 8 9 References Edit Costa A B April 1971 Arthur Michael 1853 1942 The meeting of thermodynamics and organic chemistry Journal of Chemical Education 48 4 243 346 Bibcode 1971JChEd 48 243C doi 10 1021 ed048p243 a b Fieser Louis F 1975 Arthur Michael Biographical Memoirs Vol 46 Washington DC National Academies Press pp 330 367 ISBN 0 309 02240 1 OCLC 10550426 Poon T Mundy B P Shattuck T W February 2002 The Michael Reaction Journal of Chemical Education 79 2 264 267 Bibcode 2002JChEd 79 264P doi 10 1021 ed079p264 Tokoroyama T 2010 Discovery of the Michael Reaction European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2010 10 2009 2016 doi 10 1002 ejoc 200901130 Prof Arthur Michael About Department of Chemistry Tufts University chem tufts edu Retrieved 2020 03 29 Michael A 1887 Ueber die Addition von Natriumacetessig und Natriummalonsaureathern zu den Aethern ungesattigter Sauren Journal fur Praktische Chemie 35 349 356 doi 10 1002 prac 18870350136 Michael Peak Bivouac com Retrieved 2018 12 09 Michael Peak PeakFinder https www thieme de statics dokumente thieme final en dokumente tw chemistry CFZ Synform Arthur Michael The Michael Addition Reaction NRBio pdf bare URL PDF External links EditBrief biography and a photograph Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Arthur Michael amp oldid 1142296578, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
