The exact birth date and early life of Ariobarzanes is unknown. His sister was the ancient Persian noblewoman and warrior Youtab, who fought alongside him, and was likely slain, at the Battle of the Persian Gate. Ariobarzanes was appointed as the first satrap of Persis (the southern province of Fars in present-day Iran) in 335 BC by Darius III Codomannus. Historians are surprised that Darius III appointed satrap of Persepolis and Persis; apparently, that office did not previously exist. Ariobarzanes commanded part of the Persian Army fighting against the Macedonians at the Battle of Gaugamela in 331 BC. Following the Persian defeat at Gaugamela, Darius III realized he could not aptly defend his royal capital of Persepolis and the ancestral capital of Pasargadae. Thus, Darius traveled east to rebuild his armies, leaving Ariobarzanes in command of the remaining Persian forces guarding the passes through the Zagros Mountains into the Persian heartland.
Deathedit
After the Battle in Gaugamela, Alexander the Great split his army and led his 14,000-strong force towards the Persian capital via the Persian Gates. There Ariobarzanes successfully ambushed Alexander the Great's army, inflicting heavy casualties. The Persian success at the Battle of the Persian Gate was short-lived though; after being held off for 30 days, Alexander the Great outflanked and destroyed the defenders. Some sources indicate that the Persians were betrayed by a captured tribal chief who showed the Greeks an alternate path that allowed them to outflank Ariobarzanes in a reversal of Thermopylae. Ariobarzanes managed to escape, but when he reached Persepolis, he was denied entrance to the city. The commander of the city's garrison had decided the outcome of the battle, and was convinced that Alexander was bound to the throne of the empire. Ariobarzanes made his last stand at the Persian Gates; and was likely killed by the advancing Macedonian army. Afterward, Alexander continued towards Persepolis, seizing the city and its treasury, and eventually looting the city months after its fall.
Alexander the Great replaced him with Phrasaortes as Hellenistic satrap of Persis.[3]
^Shahbazi, A. Sh. "ARIOBARZANES". Encyclopedia Iranica. Retrieved 2008-03-05.
^Roisman, Joseph (2002). Brill's Companion to Alexander the Great. BRILL. p. 189. ISBN9789004217553.
External linksedit
Ariobarzanes 2013-09-23 at the Wayback Machine: An Article by Jona Lendering.
Pharnabazus, The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2006.
: A Research Article on Darius-III Codomannus
Gabae: The name of two places in Persia and Sogdiana.
Persian Gates 2009-04-18 at the Wayback Machine: Photos of the battlefield.
Ariobarzanes of Persis by Nabil Rastani
January 01, 1970
ariobarzanes, persis, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, april, 2017, learn, when, remove, this, message, ariobar. This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations April 2017 Learn how and when to remove this message Ariobarzanes Old Persian Aryabr zaⁿs Ancient Greek Ἀriobarzanhs Ariobarzanes Persian آریوبرزن died 330 BC 2 was an Achaemenid prince satrap and a Persian military commander who led an ambush of the Persian army at the Battle of the Persian Gate against Macedonian King Alexander the Great in January 330 BC Ariobarzanes of PersisNative name Aryabr zaⁿsDied330 BCprobably near Persepolis 1 AllegianceAchaemenid EmpireYears of service331 330 BCRankSatrap of PersisBattles warsBattle of Gaugamela Commanding the Persian Army at the Battle of the Persian GatesRelationsFather Artabazus Contents 1 Life 2 Death 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksLife editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed September 2021 Learn how and when to remove this message The exact birth date and early life of Ariobarzanes is unknown His sister was the ancient Persian noblewoman and warrior Youtab who fought alongside him and was likely slain at the Battle of the Persian Gate Ariobarzanes was appointed as the first satrap of Persis the southern province of Fars in present day Iran in 335 BC by Darius III Codomannus Historians are surprised that Darius III appointed satrap of Persepolis and Persis apparently that office did not previously exist Ariobarzanes commanded part of the Persian Army fighting against the Macedonians at the Battle of Gaugamela in 331 BC Following the Persian defeat at Gaugamela Darius III realized he could not aptly defend his royal capital of Persepolis and the ancestral capital of Pasargadae Thus Darius traveled east to rebuild his armies leaving Ariobarzanes in command of the remaining Persian forces guarding the passes through the Zagros Mountains into the Persian heartland Death editAfter the Battle in Gaugamela Alexander the Great split his army and led his 14 000 strong force towards the Persian capital via the Persian Gates There Ariobarzanes successfully ambushed Alexander the Great s army inflicting heavy casualties The Persian success at the Battle of the Persian Gate was short lived though after being held off for 30 days Alexander the Great outflanked and destroyed the defenders Some sources indicate that the Persians were betrayed by a captured tribal chief who showed the Greeks an alternate path that allowed them to outflank Ariobarzanes in a reversal of Thermopylae Ariobarzanes managed to escape but when he reached Persepolis he was denied entrance to the city The commander of the city s garrison had decided the outcome of the battle and was convinced that Alexander was bound to the throne of the empire Ariobarzanes made his last stand at the Persian Gates and was likely killed by the advancing Macedonian army Afterward Alexander continued towards Persepolis seizing the city and its treasury and eventually looting the city months after its fall Alexander the Great replaced him with Phrasaortes as Hellenistic satrap of Persis 3 See also editBattle of the Persian GateReferences edit Ariobarzanes 2 Livius Shahbazi A Sh ARIOBARZANES Encyclopedia Iranica Retrieved 2008 03 05 Roisman Joseph 2002 Brill s Companion to Alexander the Great BRILL p 189 ISBN 9789004217553 External links editAriobarzanes Archived 2013 09 23 at the Wayback Machine An Article by Jona Lendering Pharnabazus The Columbia Encyclopedia Sixth Edition 2006 King Darius III A Research Article on Darius III Codomannus Gabae The name of two places in Persia and Sogdiana Persian Gates Archived 2009 04 18 at the Wayback Machine Photos of the battlefield Ariobarzanes of Persis by Nabil Rastani Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ariobarzanes of Persis amp oldid 1215921559, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
