Archilochian or archilochean is a term used in the metrical analysis of Ancient Greek and Latin poetry. The name is derived from Archilochus, whose poetry first uses the rhythms.
In Greek verseedit
In the analysis of Archaic and Classical Greek poetry, archilochian usually describes the length x – u u – u u – x – u – u – –[1] (where "–" indicates a longum, "u" a breve, and "x" an anceps syllable). The alternative name erasmonideus[2] comes from Archilochus' fr. 168 West:
As indicated, a caesura is observed before the ithyphallic (– u – u – –) ending of the verse. (Because of this, the name erasmonideus has sometimes been used to refer only to the colon x – u u – u u – x preceding the ithyphallic.[3])
The verse also occurs in the choral lyric of tragedy and comedy, with the same caesura as in the example from Archilochus, as a rule.[6]
Trichas used the name archilocheion for the trochaic trimeter catalectic, – u – x – u – x – u –, seen in Archilochus, fr. 197 West, and used stichically by Callimachus (fr. 202 Pfeiffer).[7]
In Latin verseedit
In discussion of Horace's poetry, the Greater Archilochian verse (or Archilochian heptameter) consists of four dactyls (or alternatively spondees) followed after a caesura by three trochees, producing the seven-foot scheme – u u – u u – u u – u u | – u – u – –, as in the first line of Horace's Odes 1.4:
Solvitur acris hiems grātā vice | vēris et Favōni.[8]
As in that ode, Archilochian verses were usually used in distichs with the iambic trimetercatalectic, in which a caesura marked off the identical ending rhythm of the two verses (the trochaic tripody):
Solvitur acris hiems grata vice | veris et Favoni
trahuntque siccas | machinae carinas,
ac neque iam stabulis gaudet pecus | aut arator igni
The distich's name reflects the precedent in Archilochus (for example, fr. 188 West).
The name archilochian is also applied to similar combinations of dactylic and trochaic rhythms elsewhere in Horace (Epodes 15, 16, cf. Archilochus fr. 193 West; Epode 11, cf. Archilochus fr. 196 West).[10]
The minor archilochian is equivalent to the hemiepes.
Notesedit
^L.P.E. Parker, The Songs of Aristophanes, Oxford, 1997, p. xvii
^Bruno Snell, Griechische Metrik, 4th ed., Göttingen, 1982, pp. 41f. n. 11; C.M.J. Sicking, Griechische Verslehre, Munich, 1993, p. 128 (here and in the index ×× is misprinted for × at the beginning of the verse)
^Peter Kruschwitz, " Die antiken Quellen zum Saturnischen Vers," Mnemosyne 55 (2002), p. 478
^Sicking, Griechische Verslehre, p. 185; Parker, The Songs of Aristophanes, pp. 258-261
^J. M. van Ophuijsen, Hephaestion on Metre, Leiden, 1987, pp. 139f.
^Allen and Greenough, New Latin Grammar, section 622
^Allen and Greenough, New Latin Grammar, section 626.11
^D.S. Raven, Greek Metre: An Introduction, London, 1962, pp. 48-50
December 15, 2023
archilochian, archilochean, term, used, metrical, analysis, ancient, greek, latin, poetry, name, derived, from, archilochus, whose, poetry, first, uses, rhythms, greek, verse, editin, analysis, archaic, classical, greek, poetry, archilochian, usually, describe. Archilochian or archilochean is a term used in the metrical analysis of Ancient Greek and Latin poetry The name is derived from Archilochus whose poetry first uses the rhythms In Greek verse editIn the analysis of Archaic and Classical Greek poetry archilochian usually describes the length x u u u u x u u 1 where indicates a longum u a breve and x an anceps syllable The alternative name erasmonideus 2 comes from Archilochus fr 168 West Ἐrasmonidh Xarilae xrῆma toi geloῖon ἐrew polὺ filta8 ἑtairwn terpseai d ἀkoywn As indicated a caesura is observed before the ithyphallic u u ending of the verse Because of this the name erasmonideus has sometimes been used to refer only to the colon x u u u u x preceding the ithyphallic 3 The verse is also used stichically in Old Comedy for example in Aristophanes Wasps 1518 1537 with irregular responsion 4 and in Cratinus fr 360 Kassel Austin where as Hephaestion notes 5 no caesura is observed before the ithyphallic ending Xaῖr ὦ meg ἀxreiogelws ὅmile taῖs ἐpibdais tῆs ἡmeteras sofias kritὴs ἄriste pantwn eὐdaimon ἔtikte se mhthr ἰkriwn psofhsis The verse also occurs in the choral lyric of tragedy and comedy with the same caesura as in the example from Archilochus as a rule 6 Trichas used the name archilocheion for the trochaic trimeter catalectic u x u x u seen in Archilochus fr 197 West and used stichically by Callimachus fr 202 Pfeiffer 7 In Latin verse editIn discussion of Horace s poetry the Greater Archilochian verse or Archilochian heptameter consists of four dactyls or alternatively spondees followed after a caesura by three trochees producing the seven foot scheme u u u u u u u u u u as in the first line of Horace s Odes 1 4 Solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favōni 8 As in that ode Archilochian verses were usually used in distichs with the iambic trimeter catalectic in which a caesura marked off the identical ending rhythm of the two verses the trochaic tripody Solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favonitrahuntque siccas machinae carinas dd ac neque iam stabulis gaudet pecus aut arator igninec prata canis albicant pruinis 9 dd The distich s name reflects the precedent in Archilochus for example fr 188 West The name archilochian is also applied to similar combinations of dactylic and trochaic rhythms elsewhere in Horace Epodes 15 16 cf Archilochus fr 193 West Epode 11 cf Archilochus fr 196 West 10 The minor archilochian is equivalent to the hemiepes Notes edit L P E Parker The Songs of Aristophanes Oxford 1997 p xvii Bruno Snell Griechische Metrik 4th ed Gottingen 1982 pp 41f n 11 C M J Sicking Griechische Verslehre Munich 1993 p 128 here and in the index is misprinted for at the beginning of the verse Peter Kruschwitz Die antiken Quellen zum Saturnischen Vers Mnemosyne 55 2002 p 478 Sicking Griechische Verslehre p 185 Parker The Songs of Aristophanes pp 258 261 J M van Ophuijsen Hephaestion on Metre Leiden 1987 pp 139f Aeschylus Seven Against Thebes 756 7 764 5 Sophocles Oedipus Rex 196 7 209 10 Euripides Medea 989 90 996 7 Iphigenia in Tauris 403 417 Aristophanes Assemblywomen 580 1 Sicking Griechische Verslehre p 128 Sicking Griechische Verslehre p 111 Allen and Greenough New Latin Grammar section 622 Allen and Greenough New Latin Grammar section 626 11 D S Raven Greek Metre An Introduction London 1962 pp 48 50 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Archilochian amp oldid 1098671574, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
