Archduke Rainer of Austria (30 September 1783 – 16 January 1853) was a Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia from 1818 to 1848. He was also an Archduke of Austria, Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia.
Although Rainer suffered from a mild form of epilepsy, this did not visibly interfere with his military career.[1]
Rainer served as Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia from 1818 to 1848. The position made Rainer and his wife the head of the Austrian court at Milan. Rainer's politics were increasingly unpopular, the Italians resented him for their lack of political freedom and for collecting revenues with so little benefit to them.
Throughout the 1840s, the political situation worsened to such an extent that in 1847, Klemens von Metternich resurrected his 1817 plans for an Italian chancellery by sending his right-hand man Count Karl Ludwig von Ficquelmont to Milan as acting Chancellor of Lombardy–Venetia to restore the Austrian rule while taking over Northern Italy's administration. But only a few months later, Ficquelmont was recalled to Vienna to assume the leadership of the Council of war as the Revolutions of 1848 started.
Archduke Rainer's mistakes as well as the lack of understanding between Rainer and Feldmarschall Graf Radetzky, were blamed for the disasters of the Italian Revolution of 1848.[2]
Heinrich (9 May 1828 – 30 November 1891), Feldmarschalleutnant
Maximilian (16 January 1830 – 16 March 1839)
The Revolution of 1848 forced Rainer and Elisabeth from the court at Milan; when the insurrection was quelled, Radetzky was named Rainer's successor as Viceroy. Although his children, except Adelheid, are buried in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna, he and his wife are buried at the Maria Himmelfahrtskirche in Bolzano.
Through his daughter Adelaide, Rainer is an ancestor of the entire royal family of Italy which reigned from 1861 to 1946.
^George R. Marek, The Eagles Die. Franz Joseph, Elisabeth, and Their Austria, pp. 41–42. New York: Harper & Row, 1974. This mild form of epilepsy was also suffered by Archduke Karl and his son, Archduke Albrecht, both of whom were able military commanders.
^Joan Haslip, The Crown of Mexico, pp. 22, 89, 109. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971.
^Robert Adolf Kann, A History of the Habsburg Empire 1526–1918, pp. 328, 331. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.
^Alan Palmer, Twilight of the Habsburgs. The Life and Times of Emperor Francis Joseph, pp. 122–123. New York: Grove Press, 1994.
^Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 109.
August 22, 2023
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Not to be confused with his son Archduke Rainer Ferdinand of Austria Archduke Rainer of Austria 30 September 1783 16 January 1853 was a Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy Venetia from 1818 to 1848 He was also an Archduke of Austria Prince Royal of Hungary and Bohemia Archduke RainerViceroy of Lombardy VenetiaIn office3 January 1818 8 June 1848MonarchFrancis IFerdinand IPredecessorArchduke Anton VictorSuccessorJosef Radetzky Governor General Born 1783 09 30 30 September 1783Pisa Grand Duchy of TuscanyDied16 January 1853 1853 01 16 aged 69 Bolzano Austrian EmpireBurialBolzano CathedralSpousePrincess Elisabeth of SavoyIssueDetailAdelaide Queen of SardiniaArchduke LeopoldArchduke ErnstArchduke SigismundArchduke RainerArchduke HeinrichNamesRainer Joseph Johann Michael Franz HieronymusHouseHabsburg LorraineFatherLeopold II Holy Roman EmperorMotherMaria Louisa of SpainReligionRoman Catholicism Contents 1 Biography 2 Marriage and children 3 Ancestry 4 NotesBiography EditRainer was a son of Emperor Leopold II and Empress Maria Luisa and was thus a younger brother of Francis II Holy Roman Emperor Although Rainer suffered from a mild form of epilepsy this did not visibly interfere with his military career 1 Rainer served as Viceroy of the Kingdom of Lombardy Venetia from 1818 to 1848 The position made Rainer and his wife the head of the Austrian court at Milan Rainer s politics were increasingly unpopular the Italians resented him for their lack of political freedom and for collecting revenues with so little benefit to them Throughout the 1840s the political situation worsened to such an extent that in 1847 Klemens von Metternich resurrected his 1817 plans for an Italian chancellery by sending his right hand man Count Karl Ludwig von Ficquelmont to Milan as acting Chancellor of Lombardy Venetia to restore the Austrian rule while taking over Northern Italy s administration But only a few months later Ficquelmont was recalled to Vienna to assume the leadership of the Council of war as the Revolutions of 1848 started Archduke Rainer s mistakes as well as the lack of understanding between Rainer and Feldmarschall Graf Radetzky were blamed for the disasters of the Italian Revolution of 1848 2 Marriage and children EditHe married at Prague on 28 May 1820 Princess Elisabeth of Savoy 13 April 1800 25 December 1856 She was the sister of the Prince of Carignano who would in 1831 become King of Sardinia as King Charles Albert She was also a granddaughter of the late former Duke of the Baltic principality of Courland Children included Maria 6 February 1821 23 Jan 1844 unmarried no issue Adelaide 3 June 1822 20 January 1855 wife of Victor Emmanuel II from 1849 king of Sardinia Leopold 6 June 1823 24 May 1898 Oberkommandant der Marine High Commander of the Navy from 1864 to 1868 Ernst 8 August 1824 4 April 1899 Feldmarschalleutnant Sigismund 7 January 1826 15 December 1891 Feldmarschalleutnant Rainer 11 January 1827 27 January 1913 Austrian Minister President 1859 61 3 4 his visit to the Hotel Greif in Wels is commemorated by a wall plaque there Married Archduchess Maria Karoline of Austria 1825 1915 No issue Heinrich 9 May 1828 30 November 1891 Feldmarschalleutnant Maximilian 16 January 1830 16 March 1839 The Revolution of 1848 forced Rainer and Elisabeth from the court at Milan when the insurrection was quelled Radetzky was named Rainer s successor as Viceroy Although his children except Adelheid are buried in the Imperial Crypt in Vienna he and his wife are buried at the Maria Himmelfahrtskirche in Bolzano Through his daughter Adelaide Rainer is an ancestor of the entire royal family of Italy which reigned from 1861 to 1946 Ancestry EditThis section may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience Please help by spinning off or relocating any relevant information and removing excessive detail that may be against Wikipedia s inclusion policy January 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ancestors of Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria 5 8 Leopold Duke of Lorraine4 Francis I Holy Roman Emperor9 Elisabeth Charlotte d Orleans2 Leopold II Holy Roman Emperor10 Charles VI Holy Roman Emperor5 Maria Theresa of Austria11 Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick1 Archduke Rainer of Austria12 Philip V of Spain6 Charles III of Spain13 Elisabeth Farnese3 Maria Louisa of Spain14 Augustus III of Poland7 Maria Amalia of Saxony15 Maria Josepha of AustriaNotes Edit George R Marek The Eagles Die Franz Joseph Elisabeth and Their Austria pp 41 42 New York Harper amp Row 1974 This mild form of epilepsy was also suffered by Archduke Karl and his son Archduke Albrecht both of whom were able military commanders Joan Haslip The Crown of Mexico pp 22 89 109 New York Holt Rinehart and Winston 1971 Robert Adolf Kann A History of the Habsburg Empire 1526 1918 pp 328 331 Berkeley University of California Press 1974 Alan Palmer Twilight of the Habsburgs The Life and Times of Emperor Francis Joseph pp 122 123 New York Grove Press 1994 Genealogie ascendante jusqu au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l Europe actuellement vivans Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living in French Bourdeaux Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel 1768 p 109 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria amp oldid 1167334528, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
