fbpx
Wikipedia

Arab archery

January 01, 1970

Arab archery is the traditional style of archery practiced by the Arab peoples of the West Asia and North Africa from ancient to modern times.

Release style edit

The style of Arab archery described in the extant texts is similar to the styles used by Mongol and Turkish archers, drawing with a thumb draw and using a thumb ring to protect the right thumb.[1][2] however some medieval muslim writers draw some differences between Arab archery and Turkish and Iranian archery stating that the bow of Hejazi Arabs is superior [3]

Arab archery history edit

A Headstone of a Syrian archer was found along Hadrian's Wall, and dates from the 2nd century Common Era, when 200 Syrian archers were sent to reinforce the 8,000 Roman soldiers. The tombstone is now displayed at the Great North Museum: Hancock.[4]

Arab archers used composite bows from foot, horse, and camel, to good effect from the 7th century.[5]

Arabs used different kinds of arrows, arrow heads, and shafts.[6]

Archery in Islam edit

Prophet Muhammad was quite good with a bow, and appreciated the benefits of archery in sports and warfare. A recurved bow made of bamboo, and ascribed to Muhammad, is held in the Sacred Relics (Topkapı Palace) in the Chamber of the Sacred Relics in the Topkapi Museum in Istanbul.[7]

There are several comments by Muhammad concerning archery in the Hadith. Umm Salama told of Muhammed coming upon two groups practicing archery, and he praised them.[8]

Malik ibn Anas spoke about when at the battle of Uhud, the troops left Muhammad behind, where the archer, Talhah, remained behind and protected the Prophet with his shield.[9]

Uqbah ibn Amir relates how Muhammad said that archery shooting was more dear to him than riding.[10]

The Prophet owned six bows: az-Zawra’, ar-Rauha’, as-Safra’, al-Bayda’, al-Katum – which was broken during the battle of Battle of Uhud, and was taken by Qatadah bin an-Nu’man – and as-Saddad. The Prophet had a quiver called al-Kafur, and a strap for it made from tanned skin, as well as three silver circular rings, a buckle, and an edge made of silver. According to a medieval Sunni scholar, "We should mention that Ibn Taymiyyah said that there are no authentic narrations that the Prophet ever wore a strap around his waist."[11]

Camel archers edit

Camels stand higher than horses, and are more resilient in desert warfare.[12] However, camels were often used as transport, and not as a platform for shooting. An account shows an Arab archer dismounting from his camel, and emptying his quiver on the ground before kneeling to shoot.[13]

Camel archery is also attested by peoples not known to be Arab. The Old Testament shows how Joshua fought the Amalekites at Rephidim, who used camels for their archers. Gideon also fought against the Midianites and their camels during the time of the Judges.[14]

Arab archery today edit

There are a number of Arab Archery clubs and societies today. Some practice the traditional Arab archery, while others use Western styles of archery in sport competition and hunting. The main organization is FATA, or the "Fédération Arabe de Tir a L'Arc" of Lebanon, a member of the World Archery Federation. The Pan Arab Games usually have an archery competition, and the 12th Arab Games[15] in Qatar held in 2011 had 60 archers from nine Arab countries compete.

List of Arabic works on archery edit

  • al-Sarakhsi al-Harawi, Kitab fada'il al-ramy fi sabil Allah, a collection of 38 hadiths on archery[16]
  • Mardi ibn Ali al-Tarsusi, Tabsirat arbab al-albab fi kayfiyyat al-najat fi al-hurub, a general treatise on arms and armour that gives pride of place to the bow (c. 1174)[16]
  • Ahmad ibn 'Abd Allah Muhibb al-Din al-Tabari, Kirab al-wadih fi ma'rifat 'ilm al-ramy (bef. 1295)[17]
  • al-Yunini, Kitab fi ma'rifat 'ilm ramy al-siham (c. 1317–1324)[18]
  • Taybugha al-Baklamishi, Ghunyat al-tullab fi ma'rifat al-ramy bi-l-nushshab (1368/9)[19]
  • Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya, a treatise on Arab archery (14th century)[20]
  • Anonymous, A Book on the Excellence of the Bow and Arrow, from Morocco (c. 1350–1400)[21]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Paterson, W. F. 1966. "The Archers of Islam." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. Vol. 9, No. 1/2 (Nov., 1966), pp. 69-87.
  2. ^ Marcelo Muller (15 September 2012). "XLII. On thumb-tips and the various kind thereof, from: Arab Archery, by N.A. Faris and R.P. Elmer, 1945". archerylibrary.com.
  3. ^ "Arab Archery". www.archerylibrary.com. 2019-11-11. Retrieved 2022-08-23.
  4. ^ Cecil, Charles O. 2017. Hadrian's Syrians. Aramco World. August 2017.
  5. ^ KUNSELMAN, DAVID E. 2007. ARAB-BYZANTINE WAR, 629-644 AD. Page 53.
  6. ^ Soar, Hugh. 2018. "The Incendiary Arrow." Primitive Archer. Volume 26 (1), pages 18-20.
  7. ^ "Sacred Relics". bilkent.edu.tr.
  8. ^ Volume 4, Book 56, Number 710.
  9. ^ Volume 5, Book 58, Number 156.
  10. ^ Book 14, Number 2507.
  11. ^ Abu Maryah. 2008. "Weapons of the Prophet Muhammad". February 20, 2008.
  12. ^ Sassanian Elite Cavalry AD 224-642 by Kaveh Farrokh, Angus McBride. 2012. Osprey Press. Page 27.
  13. ^ Rome's Enemies (5): The Desert Frontier. by David Nicolle. 1991. Osprey Publishing. Page 19.
  14. ^ Muhammad: Islam’s First Great General. By Richard A. Gabriel. 2012. University of Oklahoma Press. Page 34.
  15. ^ http://www.worldarchery.org/OTHEREVENTS/Others/2011/Doha-ArabGames/TabId/1124/ArtMID/1567/ArticleID/470/Successful-Archery-Competition-at-the-12th-Arab-Games-.aspx [dead link]
  16. ^ a b Jallon 1980, p. 25.
  17. ^ Jallon 1980, p. 31.
  18. ^ Jallon 1980.
  19. ^ Translated in Latham and Pateson 1970.
  20. ^ Ibn Qayyim al-Jawzīyah, Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr. kitab ʻuniyat al-ṭullāb fī maʻrifat al-rāmī bil-nushshāb. [Cairo?]: [s.n.], 1932. OCLC: 643468400.
  21. ^ Translated in Faris and Elmer 1945.

Bibliography edit

  • Boit, Bernard A. 1991. THE FRUITS OF ADVERSITY: TECHNICAL REFINEMENTS, OF THE TURKISH COMPOSITE BOW DURING THE CRUSADING ERA. (PDF) A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University by Lt. Bernard A. Boit, USAF.
  • Faris, Nabih Amin, and Robert Potter Elmer. Arab Archery: An Arabic Manuscript of About A.D. 1500, "A Book on the Excellence of the Bow & Arrow" and the Description Thereof. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1986. 182 pages. Translation of "Kitāb fī bayān fadl al-qaws w-al-sahm wa-awsāfihima," no. 793 in Descriptive catalog of the Garrett collection of Arabic manuscripts in the Princeton University library.
  • Jallon, Adnan Darwish (1980). Kitāb fī maʿrifat ʿilm ramy al-sihām: A Treatise on Archery by Ḥusayn b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbdallāh al-Yūnīnī [AH 647 (?) – 724 / AD 1249–50 (?) – 1324]. A Critical Edition of the Arabic Text together with a Study of the Work in English (PhD diss.). Victoria University of Manchester.
  • Latham, J. D., W. F. Paterson, and Ṭaybughā. Saracen Archery: An English Version and Exposition of a Mameluke Work on Archery (Ca. A.D. 1368). (PDF) London: Holland P., 1970.
  • McLeod, Wallace E. 1962. "Egyptian Composite Bows in New York." American Journal of Archaeology. Vol. 66, No. 1 (Jan., 1962), pp. 13–19
  • Paterson, W. F. 1966. "The Archers of Islam." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. Vol. 9, No. 1/2 (Nov., 1966), pp. 69–87.
  • Sukenik,Yigael. 1947. "The Composite Bow of the Canaanite Goddess Anath." Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. No. 107 (Oct., 1947), pp. 11–15.

External links edit

  • The Art of Shooting a Short Reflexed Bow with a Thumb Ring. 2012. By Adam Swoboda. Gdynia Press.

January 01, 1970
arab, archery, this, article, tone, style, reflect, encyclopedic, tone, used, wikipedia, wikipedia, guide, writing, better, articles, suggestions, april, 2024, learn, when, remove, this, message, traditional, style, archery, practiced, arab, peoples, west, asi. This article s tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia See Wikipedia s guide to writing better articles for suggestions April 2024 Learn how and when to remove this message Arab archery is the traditional style of archery practiced by the Arab peoples of the West Asia and North Africa from ancient to modern times Contents 1 Release style 2 Arab archery history 3 Archery in Islam 4 Camel archers 5 Arab archery today 6 List of Arabic works on archery 7 See also 8 References 9 Bibliography 10 External linksRelease style editThe style of Arab archery described in the extant texts is similar to the styles used by Mongol and Turkish archers drawing with a thumb draw and using a thumb ring to protect the right thumb 1 2 however some medieval muslim writers draw some differences between Arab archery and Turkish and Iranian archery stating that the bow of Hejazi Arabs is superior 3 Arab archery history editA Headstone of a Syrian archer was found along Hadrian s Wall and dates from the 2nd century Common Era when 200 Syrian archers were sent to reinforce the 8 000 Roman soldiers The tombstone is now displayed at the Great North Museum Hancock 4 Arab archers used composite bows from foot horse and camel to good effect from the 7th century 5 Arabs used different kinds of arrows arrow heads and shafts 6 Archery in Islam editProphet Muhammad was quite good with a bow and appreciated the benefits of archery in sports and warfare A recurved bow made of bamboo and ascribed to Muhammad is held in the Sacred Relics Topkapi Palace in the Chamber of the Sacred Relics in the Topkapi Museum in Istanbul 7 There are several comments by Muhammad concerning archery in the Hadith Umm Salama told of Muhammed coming upon two groups practicing archery and he praised them 8 Malik ibn Anas spoke about when at the battle of Uhud the troops left Muhammad behind where the archer Talhah remained behind and protected the Prophet with his shield 9 Uqbah ibn Amir relates how Muhammad said that archery shooting was more dear to him than riding 10 The Prophet owned six bows az Zawra ar Rauha as Safra al Bayda al Katum which was broken during the battle of Battle of Uhud and was taken by Qatadah bin an Nu man and as Saddad The Prophet had a quiver called al Kafur and a strap for it made from tanned skin as well as three silver circular rings a buckle and an edge made of silver According to a medieval Sunni scholar We should mention that Ibn Taymiyyah said that there are no authentic narrations that the Prophet ever wore a strap around his waist 11 Camel archers editCamels stand higher than horses and are more resilient in desert warfare 12 However camels were often used as transport and not as a platform for shooting An account shows an Arab archer dismounting from his camel and emptying his quiver on the ground before kneeling to shoot 13 Camel archery is also attested by peoples not known to be Arab The Old Testament shows how Joshua fought the Amalekites at Rephidim who used camels for their archers Gideon also fought against the Midianites and their camels during the time of the Judges 14 Arab archery today editThere are a number of Arab Archery clubs and societies today Some practice the traditional Arab archery while others use Western styles of archery in sport competition and hunting The main organization is FATA or the Federation Arabe de Tir a L Arc of Lebanon a member of the World Archery Federation The Pan Arab Games usually have an archery competition and the 12th Arab Games 15 in Qatar held in 2011 had 60 archers from nine Arab countries compete List of Arabic works on archery edital Sarakhsi al Harawi Kitab fada il al ramy fi sabil Allah a collection of 38 hadiths on archery 16 Mardi ibn Ali al Tarsusi Tabsirat arbab al albab fi kayfiyyat al najat fi al hurub a general treatise on arms and armour that gives pride of place to the bow c 1174 16 Ahmad ibn Abd Allah Muhibb al Din al Tabari Kirab al wadih fi ma rifat ilm al ramy bef 1295 17 al Yunini Kitab fi ma rifat ilm ramy al siham c 1317 1324 18 Taybugha al Baklamishi Ghunyat al tullab fi ma rifat al ramy bi l nushshab 1368 9 19 Ibn Qayyim al Jawziyya a treatise on Arab archery 14th century 20 Anonymous A Book on the Excellence of the Bow and Arrow from Morocco c 1350 1400 21 See also editChinese archery Kyudō Turkish archery English longbowReferences edit Paterson W F 1966 The Archers of Islam Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient Vol 9 No 1 2 Nov 1966 pp 69 87 Marcelo Muller 15 September 2012 XLII On thumb tips and the various kind thereof from Arab Archery by N A Faris and R P Elmer 1945 archerylibrary com Arab Archery www archerylibrary com 2019 11 11 Retrieved 2022 08 23 Cecil Charles O 2017 Hadrian s Syrians Aramco World August 2017 KUNSELMAN DAVID E 2007 ARAB BYZANTINE WAR 629 644 AD Page 53 Soar Hugh 2018 The Incendiary Arrow Primitive Archer Volume 26 1 pages 18 20 Sacred Relics bilkent edu tr Volume 4 Book 56 Number 710 Volume 5 Book 58 Number 156 Book 14 Number 2507 Abu Maryah 2008 Weapons of the Prophet Muhammad February 20 2008 Sassanian Elite Cavalry AD 224 642 by Kaveh Farrokh Angus McBride 2012 Osprey Press Page 27 Rome s Enemies 5 The Desert Frontier by David Nicolle 1991 Osprey Publishing Page 19 Muhammad Islam s First Great General By Richard A Gabriel 2012 University of Oklahoma Press Page 34 http www worldarchery org OTHEREVENTS Others 2011 Doha ArabGames TabId 1124 ArtMID 1567 ArticleID 470 Successful Archery Competition at the 12th Arab Games aspx dead link a b Jallon 1980 p 25 Jallon 1980 p 31 Jallon 1980 Translated in Latham and Pateson 1970 Ibn Qayyim al Jawziyah Muḥammad ibn Abi Bakr kitab ʻuniyat al ṭullab fi maʻrifat al rami bil nushshab Cairo s n 1932 OCLC 643468400 Translated in Faris and Elmer 1945 Bibliography editBoit Bernard A 1991 THE FRUITS OF ADVERSITY TECHNICAL REFINEMENTS OF THE TURKISH COMPOSITE BOW DURING THE CRUSADING ERA PDF A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University by Lt Bernard A Boit USAF Faris Nabih Amin and Robert Potter Elmer Arab Archery An Arabic Manuscript of About A D 1500 A Book on the Excellence of the Bow amp Arrow and the Description Thereof Princeton N J Princeton University Press 1986 182 pages Translation of Kitab fi bayan fadl al qaws w al sahm wa awsafihima no 793 in Descriptive catalog of the Garrett collection of Arabic manuscripts in the Princeton University library Jallon Adnan Darwish 1980 Kitab fi maʿrifat ʿilm ramy al siham A Treatise on Archery by Ḥusayn b ʿAbd al Raḥman b Muḥammad b ʿAbdallah al Yunini AH 647 724 AD 1249 50 1324 A Critical Edition of the Arabic Text together with a Study of the Work in English PhD diss Victoria University of Manchester Latham J D W F Paterson and Ṭaybugha Saracen Archery An English Version and Exposition of a Mameluke Work on Archery Ca A D 1368 PDF London Holland P 1970 McLeod Wallace E 1962 Egyptian Composite Bows in New York American Journal of Archaeology Vol 66 No 1 Jan 1962 pp 13 19 Paterson W F 1966 The Archers of Islam Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient Vol 9 No 1 2 Nov 1966 pp 69 87 Sukenik Yigael 1947 The Composite Bow of the Canaanite Goddess Anath Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research No 107 Oct 1947 pp 11 15 External links editThe Art of Shooting a Short Reflexed Bow with a Thumb Ring 2012 By Adam Swoboda Gdynia Press Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Arab archery amp oldid 1218427846, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.