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Andrea Kritcher

January 01, 1970

Andrea Lynn "Annie" Kritcher is an American nuclear engineer and physicist who works at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. She was responsible for the development of Hybrid-E, a capsule that enables inertial confinement fusion. She was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2022.

Andrea Kritcher
Born
Andrea Lynn Kritcher
Alma materUniversity of Michigan
University of California, Berkeley
Scientific career
InstitutionsLawrence Livermore National Laboratory
ThesisUltrafast K-alpha Thomson scattering from shock compressed matter for use as a dense matter diagnostic (2009)

Early life and education edit

Kritcher is a native of Traverse City, Michigan, and attended both Traverse City Central High School and Northwestern Michigan College before studying nuclear engineering at the University of Michigan.[1][2][3][4] She moved to the University of California, Berkeley for graduate studies, where she earned a master's degree and doctorate in nuclear engineering. She spent summer 2004 at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory on an internship.[5] Her first project involved analyzing data for the electron beam ion trap.[5] Her doctoral research considered Thomson scattering from shocked compressed matter.[6] She became a postdoctoral researcher at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 2009.[7][8] Her postdoctoral research explored using X-rays to measure the properties of warm and hot dense matter (plasma), and measuring how nuclei interact with dense plasma.[5][8] She made use of the LLNL Jupiter laser and the OMEGA laser at the University of Rochester.[8]

Research and career edit

Kritcher was made a permanent member of staff in the Weapons and Complex Integration's Design Physics Division of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 2009.[7]

Kritcher works in nuclear engineering, with a particular focus on inertial confinement fusion,[9] which looks to emulate the nuclear processes that take place in the sun by compressing and heating capsules full of thermonuclear fuel.[10] High energy beams (photons or electrons) bombard the outer layer of the capsule, which explodes outward and generates a reaction force that accelerates the remainder of the capsule toward the center. The explosion creates a shockwave that travels through the fuel target, resulting in sufficient heat and compression for the fusion to begin. These capsules contain heavy isotopes of hydrogen (typically deuterium and tritium). Kritcher designed Hybrid-E, a target capsule that includes a high density carbon capsule and a deuterium-tritium fill tube.[9][11] The capsule is encased in a hohlraum that converts the incident laser light into x-rays. Kritcher said that it was challenging to design the hohlraum such that it generated a symmetric implosion of the capsule.[11] This involved confining the size of the entrance holes to enhance the energy that is coupled into the system, and a structure that can systematically adjust the wavelength of each beam to balance the X-ray energy required to drive the capsule to implode.[9] The Hybrid-E capsule enabled inertial confinement fusion able to produce more than a megajoule of fusion energy.[7][12][13] Hybrid-E represents the first time that it was possible to generate a burning plasma state that emits more energy than the energy required to initiate the fusion.[14]

In 2022, Kritcher was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society.[7] Her citation read, “for leadership in integrated hohlraum design physics leading to the creation of the first laboratory burning and igniting fusion plasma.”[15]

Kritcher went on to study the behavior of ions in inertial confinement fusion, showing that the energy of neutrons produced from a deuterium–tritium plasma recorded experimentally was higher than could be predicted from the hydrodynamics-informed algorithms that simulate inertial confinement implosions.[16]

Kritcher was the designer of the December 5, 2022 experiment that achieved fusion breakeven at the National Ignition Facility.[17][18]

Awards and honors edit

Selected publications edit

  • Andrea L Kritcher; Paul Neumayer; John Castor; et al. (1 October 2008). "Ultrafast x-ray Thomson scattering of shock-compressed matter". Science. 322 (5898): 69–71. Bibcode:2008Sci...322...69K. doi:10.1126/SCIENCE.1161466. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 18832640. Wikidata Q33373628.
  • Lee HJ; Neumayer P; Castor J; et al. (16 March 2009). "X-ray Thomson-scattering measurements of density and temperature in shock-compressed beryllium". Physical Review Letters. 102 (11): 115001. doi:10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.102.115001. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 19392206. Wikidata Q83725949.
  • John Lindl; Otto Landen; John Edwards; Ed Moses; NIC Team (February 2014). "Review of the National Ignition Campaign 2009-2012". Physics of Plasmas. 21 (2): 020501. Bibcode:2014PhPl...21b0501L. doi:10.1063/1.4865400. ISSN 1070-664X. Wikidata Q60118110. (erratum)

References edit

  1. ^ "TC Native Named One of TIME's 100 Most Influential People". The Ticker | Traverse City News & Events. Retrieved 2023-04-15.
  2. ^ "June : 2022 Outstanding Alumni named : Northwestern Michigan College". www.nmc.edu. Retrieved 2023-04-15.
  3. ^ "Alumni Notes". issuu. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  4. ^ "Day of the starmakers". Founding Fuel. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  5. ^ a b c "Fusion of interests gives postdoc career focus". www.llnl.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  6. ^ "Ultrafast K-[alpha] Thomson scattering from shock compressed matter for use as a dense matter diagnostic | WorldCat.org". www.worldcat.org. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  7. ^ a b c d e "Two LLNL scientists selected as 2022 APS fellows". www.llnl.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  8. ^ a b c Nikolic, Rebecca J. (2011-05-23). "Science and Technology Review June 2011". doi:10.2172/1122235. OSTI 1122235. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ a b c "Beaming with Excellence". str.llnl.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  10. ^ "Annie Kritcher leads revolutionary nuclear fusion experiment". ners.engin.umich.edu. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  11. ^ a b "High-Laser-Energy Shot Puts NIF Back on Track Toward Ignition". lasers.llnl.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  12. ^ Kritcher, A. L.; et al. (2021). "Achieving record hot spot energies with large HDC implosions on NIF in HYBRID-E". Physics of Plasmas. 28 (7): 072706. doi:10.1063/5.0047841. OSTI 1818404. S2CID 237731121.
  13. ^ Laboratory, SLAC National Accelerator (2020-08-16). "1.1 Million Joules of UV Laser Energy: Shedding Light on Stellar Evolution and "Cosmic Clocks"". SciTechDaily. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  14. ^ Behr, Peter (2022-01-27). "DOE lab achieves key milestone for fusion energy". E&E News. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  15. ^ "APS Fellow Archive". www.aps.org. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  16. ^ "LLNL researchers observe that ions behave differently in fusion reactions". www.llnl.gov. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  17. ^ Carolyn Yu (December 15, 2022). "National Ignition Facility achieves nuclear energy breakthrough". Daily Cal.
  18. ^ "A shot for the ages: Fusion ignition breakthrough hailed as 'one of the most impressive scientific feats of the 21st century'". Official website. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. December 14, 2022.
  19. ^ "Physics World announces its finalists for the 2021 Breakthrough of the Year". Physics World. 2021-12-07. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  20. ^ "NMC Names Its Outstanding Alumni Award Winners". The Ticker | Traverse City News & Events. Retrieved 2022-12-10.
  21. ^ "Andrea Kritcher | Falling Walls". falling-walls.com. Retrieved 2022-12-10.

January 01, 1970
andrea, kritcher, andrea, lynn, annie, kritcher, american, nuclear, engineer, physicist, works, lawrence, livermore, national, laboratory, responsible, development, hybrid, capsule, that, enables, inertial, confinement, fusion, elected, fellow, american, physi. Andrea Lynn Annie Kritcher is an American nuclear engineer and physicist who works at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory She was responsible for the development of Hybrid E a capsule that enables inertial confinement fusion She was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2022 Andrea KritcherBornAndrea Lynn KritcherAlma materUniversity of Michigan University of California BerkeleyScientific careerInstitutionsLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryThesisUltrafast K alpha Thomson scattering from shock compressed matter for use as a dense matter diagnostic 2009 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Research and career 3 Awards and honors 4 Selected publications 5 ReferencesEarly life and education editKritcher is a native of Traverse City Michigan and attended both Traverse City Central High School and Northwestern Michigan College before studying nuclear engineering at the University of Michigan 1 2 3 4 She moved to the University of California Berkeley for graduate studies where she earned a master s degree and doctorate in nuclear engineering She spent summer 2004 at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory on an internship 5 Her first project involved analyzing data for the electron beam ion trap 5 Her doctoral research considered Thomson scattering from shocked compressed matter 6 She became a postdoctoral researcher at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 2009 7 8 Her postdoctoral research explored using X rays to measure the properties of warm and hot dense matter plasma and measuring how nuclei interact with dense plasma 5 8 She made use of the LLNL Jupiter laser and the OMEGA laser at the University of Rochester 8 Research and career editKritcher was made a permanent member of staff in the Weapons and Complex Integration s Design Physics Division of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 2009 7 Kritcher works in nuclear engineering with a particular focus on inertial confinement fusion 9 which looks to emulate the nuclear processes that take place in the sun by compressing and heating capsules full of thermonuclear fuel 10 High energy beams photons or electrons bombard the outer layer of the capsule which explodes outward and generates a reaction force that accelerates the remainder of the capsule toward the center The explosion creates a shockwave that travels through the fuel target resulting in sufficient heat and compression for the fusion to begin These capsules contain heavy isotopes of hydrogen typically deuterium and tritium Kritcher designed Hybrid E a target capsule that includes a high density carbon capsule and a deuterium tritium fill tube 9 11 The capsule is encased in a hohlraum that converts the incident laser light into x rays Kritcher said that it was challenging to design the hohlraum such that it generated a symmetric implosion of the capsule 11 This involved confining the size of the entrance holes to enhance the energy that is coupled into the system and a structure that can systematically adjust the wavelength of each beam to balance the X ray energy required to drive the capsule to implode 9 The Hybrid E capsule enabled inertial confinement fusion able to produce more than a megajoule of fusion energy 7 12 13 Hybrid E represents the first time that it was possible to generate a burning plasma state that emits more energy than the energy required to initiate the fusion 14 In 2022 Kritcher was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society 7 Her citation read for leadership in integrated hohlraum design physics leading to the creation of the first laboratory burning and igniting fusion plasma 15 Kritcher went on to study the behavior of ions in inertial confinement fusion showing that the energy of neutrons produced from a deuterium tritium plasma recorded experimentally was higher than could be predicted from the hydrodynamics informed algorithms that simulate inertial confinement implosions 16 Kritcher was the designer of the December 5 2022 experiment that achieved fusion breakeven at the National Ignition Facility 17 18 Awards and honors edit2021 Finalist for Physics Breakthrough of the Year 19 2022 Northwestern Michigan College Outstanding Alumni 20 2022 Falling Walls Winner in Physical Sciences 21 2022 Elected Fellow of the American Physical Society 7 Selected publications editAndrea L Kritcher Paul Neumayer John Castor et al 1 October 2008 Ultrafast x ray Thomson scattering of shock compressed matter Science 322 5898 69 71 Bibcode 2008Sci 322 69K doi 10 1126 SCIENCE 1161466 ISSN 0036 8075 PMID 18832640 Wikidata Q33373628 Lee HJ Neumayer P Castor J et al 16 March 2009 X ray Thomson scattering measurements of density and temperature in shock compressed beryllium Physical Review Letters 102 11 115001 doi 10 1103 PHYSREVLETT 102 115001 ISSN 0031 9007 PMID 19392206 Wikidata Q83725949 John Lindl Otto Landen John Edwards Ed Moses NIC Team February 2014 Review of the National Ignition Campaign 2009 2012 Physics of Plasmas 21 2 020501 Bibcode 2014PhPl 21b0501L doi 10 1063 1 4865400 ISSN 1070 664X Wikidata Q60118110 erratum References edit TC Native Named One of TIME s 100 Most Influential People The Ticker Traverse City News amp Events Retrieved 2023 04 15 June 2022 Outstanding Alumni named Northwestern Michigan College www nmc edu Retrieved 2023 04 15 Alumni Notes issuu Retrieved 2022 12 10 Day of the starmakers Founding Fuel Retrieved 2022 12 10 a b c Fusion of interests gives postdoc career focus www llnl gov Retrieved 2022 12 10 Ultrafast K alpha Thomson scattering from shock compressed matter for use as a dense matter diagnostic WorldCat org www worldcat org Retrieved 2022 12 10 a b c d e Two LLNL scientists selected as 2022 APS fellows www llnl gov Retrieved 2022 12 10 a b c Nikolic Rebecca J 2011 05 23 Science and Technology Review June 2011 doi 10 2172 1122235 OSTI 1122235 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help a b c Beaming with Excellence str llnl gov Retrieved 2022 12 10 Annie Kritcher leads revolutionary nuclear fusion experiment ners engin umich edu Retrieved 2022 12 10 a b High Laser Energy Shot Puts NIF Back on Track Toward Ignition lasers llnl gov Retrieved 2022 12 10 Kritcher A L et al 2021 Achieving record hot spot energies with large HDC implosions on NIF in HYBRID E Physics of Plasmas 28 7 072706 doi 10 1063 5 0047841 OSTI 1818404 S2CID 237731121 Laboratory SLAC National Accelerator 2020 08 16 1 1 Million Joules of UV Laser Energy Shedding Light on Stellar Evolution and Cosmic Clocks SciTechDaily Retrieved 2022 12 10 Behr Peter 2022 01 27 DOE lab achieves key milestone for fusion energy E amp E News Retrieved 2022 12 10 APS Fellow Archive www aps org Retrieved 2022 12 10 LLNL researchers observe that ions behave differently in fusion reactions www llnl gov Retrieved 2022 12 10 Carolyn Yu December 15 2022 National Ignition Facility achieves nuclear energy breakthrough Daily Cal A shot for the ages Fusion ignition breakthrough hailed as one of the most impressive scientific feats of the 21st century Official website Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory December 14 2022 Physics World announces its finalists for the 2021 Breakthrough of the Year Physics World 2021 12 07 Retrieved 2022 12 10 NMC Names Its Outstanding Alumni Award Winners The Ticker Traverse City News amp Events Retrieved 2022 12 10 Andrea Kritcher Falling Walls falling walls com Retrieved 2022 12 10 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Andrea Kritcher amp oldid 1214951710, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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