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Time in Alaska

May 03, 2024

Alaska is officially covered by two time zones - the Alaska Time Zone and the Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone. The Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone is used for the Aleutian Islands west of 169°30′W (Islands of Four Mountains, Andreanof Islands, Rat Islands and Near Islands),[1] and the rest of the state uses the Alaska Time Zone.[2] The entirety of Alaska observes daylight saving time.

The town of Hyder, because it essentially is a single town split by the border between the United States and Canada, unofficially observes Pacific Time including DST (UTC−08:00, DST UTC−07:00) like its neighbor Stewart, British Columbia, with the exception of the U.S. Post Office (because it is a federal facility).[3][4][5]

History edit

As part of Russian America, Alaska used the Julian calendar and the same day of the week as Asia. In 1867, Alaska became a United States territory (through the Alaska Purchase) and began using the Gregorian calendar and the same day of the week as the Americas. The switch was achieved by repeating the same day of the week and skipping eleven days of the month instead of twelve during the 19th century, so that the purchase date of Friday, October 6 (Julian) was followed once again by Friday, October 18 (instead of Saturday, October 19 in Gregorian).[6] That change redrew the International Date Line from being east to west of the territory to realign itself from Asian to American dates.

Before time zones were introduced, every place used local observation of the sun to set its clocks, which meant that every location used a different local mean time based on its longitude. For example, Sitka, the capital of Alaska at the time, at longitude 135°20′W, had a local time equivalent to UTC+14:59 under Russia and UTC−09:01 under the United States.[7]

In 1900, "Alaska Standard Time" was established within the state as UTC−09:00.[8]

In 1918, the United States Congress passed the Standard Time Act, which defined a standard time zone for Alaska - United States Standard Alaska Time, set at UTC−10:00.[9]

On January 20, 1942, all of the United States, including Alaska, began to observe War Time.[10] Standard time in the United States advanced by one hour and would remain so until September 25, 1945, when the act was repealed.[11]

In 1966, Congress passed the Uniform Time Act. The Uniform Time Act introduced Daylight Saving Time uniformly in the United States, which Alaska would begin observing on April 28, 1968.[12][13] The Uniform Time Act also defined four time zones that Alaska would use:[14]

In April 1983, the Alaska Legislature approved a resolution asking the Department of Transportation to switch Alaska to use only two time zones.[19] It was approved by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Dole on September 15, 1983, and took effect on October 30, 1983.[20][21] Areas east of Unalaska began using the Yukon Time Zone (UTC−09:00). Most of the Aleutian Islands, previously on Bering Time, were now using Alaska–Hawaii Time.[22] As an act of Congress was required to change the name of the time zones,[23] the time zones did not gain their modern names (Alaska Time and Hawaii–Aleutian Time) until November 30, 1984.[24]

Historic alterations edit

Period in use Time offset from GMT/UTC[a] Name of time
Wednesday, July 15, 1741 – Friday, October 6, 1867 (Julian Calendar) GMT+14:59 (in Sitka) Local Mean Time
GMT+12:24 (in Aleutian Islands)
Friday, October 18, 1867 – 1900 (Gregorian Calendar) GMT−09:01 (in Sitka) Local Mean Time
GMT−11:36 (in Aleutian Islands)
1900 – 1918 GMT−09:00 (including Aleutian Islands) Alaska Standard Time
1918 – January 19, 1942 GMT−08:00 (Panhandle Areas) Pacific Standard Time
GMT−09:00 (in Yakutat) Yukon Standard Time
GMT−10:00 Alaska Standard Time
GMT−11:00 (Nome, and Aleutian Islands) Bering Standard Time
January 20, 1942 – September 30, 1945 GMT−07:00 (Panhandle Areas) Pacific War Time
GMT−08:00 (in Yakutat) Yukon War Time
GMT−09:00 Alaska War Time
GMT−10:00 (Nome, and Aleutian Islands) Bering War Time
September 30, 1945 – March 31, 1967 GMT−08:00 (Panhandle Areas) Pacific Standard Time
GMT−09:00 (in Yakutat) Yukon Standard Time
GMT−10:00 Alaska Standard Time
GMT−11:00 (Nome, and Aleutian Islands) Bering Standard Time
April 1, 1967 – October 30, 1983 GMT/UTC−08:00 (Panhandle Areas) Pacific Standard Time
GMT/UTC−09:00 (in Yakutat) Yukon Standard Time
GMT/UTC−10:00 Alaska–Hawaii Standard Time
GMT/UTC−11:00 (Nome, and Aleutian Islands) Bering Standard Time
October 30, 1983 – present UTC−09:00 (in Juneau) Alaska Time Zone
UTC−10:00 (in Aleutian Islands) Hawaii–Aleutian Time Zone
2007 − present UTC−08:00 (except in Aleutian Islands) Alaska Daylight Time

tz database edit

The tz database version 2024a contains seven time zones for Alaska for historical reasons. Only three (America/Adak, America/Anchorage, and America/Metlakatla) are currently in use.

CC Coordinates TZ Comments UTC offset UTC offset DST Notes
US +611305−1495401 America/Anchorage Alaska (most areas) −09:00 −08:00
US +581807−1342511 America/Juneau Alaska - Juneau area −09:00 −08:00
US +571035−1351807 America/Sitka Alaska - Sitka area −09:00 −08:00
US +593249−1394338 America/Yakutat Alaska - Yakutat −09:00 −08:00
US +643004−1652423 America/Nome Alaska (west) −09:00 −08:00
US +515248−1763929 America/Adak Alaska - western Aleutians −10:00 −09:00
US +550737−1313435 America/Metlakatla Alaska - Annette Island −09:00 −08:00

Notes edit

  1. ^ The term UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) begin in use just after the introduction of Unix Time on January 1, 1970. In those days before 1970, the GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) was the term being used.

References edit

  1. ^ "eCFR :: 49 CFR 71.12 - - Hawaii-Aleutian zone". Code of Federal Regulations. Retrieved October 18, 2022.
  2. ^ "eCFR :: 49 CFR 71.11 - - Alaska zone". Code of Federal Regulations. Retrieved October 18, 2022.
  3. ^ "Exceptions, Oddities and Notes". OnTimeZone.com. Retrieved June 17, 2012.
  4. ^ Bohrer, Becky (April 26, 2021). "Dunleavy shares COVID vaccine with Canadian town". Alaska Public Media. Retrieved October 25, 2022.
  5. ^ Levin, Dan (July 4, 2016). "In Hyder, roaming grizzlies, no police and large doses of Canada". Anchorage Daily News. Retrieved August 12, 2023.
  6. ^ Dershowitz, Nachum; Reingold, Edward M. (2008). Calendrical Calculations. Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 9780521885409.
  7. ^ Time Zone in Sitka, Alaska, USA, Timeanddate.com.
  8. ^ "Keeping Time in Alaska: National Directives, Local Response | Alaska Historical Society". Alaska Historical Society. Retrieved October 20, 2022.
  9. ^ Standard Time Act of 1918. 40 Stat. 450
  10. ^ AN ACT To promote the national security and defense by establishing daylight saving time. 56 Stat. 9
  11. ^ AN ACT To provide for termination of daylight saving time. 59 Stat. 537
  12. ^ a b Time Zone in Anchorage, Alaska, USA, Timeanddate.com.
  13. ^ "Daylight Savings Time Comes To Alaska Soon". The Daily Sitka Sentinel. April 22, 1968. Alaskans will advance their clocks one hour next Sunday as the state for the first time observes Daylight Savings Time.
  14. ^ Uniform Time Act of 1966. Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 89–387, 80 Stat. 107, enacted April 13, 1966
  15. ^ Time Zone in Nome, Alaska, USA, Timeanddate.com.
  16. ^ Time Zone in Adak, Alaska, USA, Timeanddate.com.
  17. ^ Time Zone in Yakutat, Alaska, USA, Timeanddate.com.
  18. ^ Time Zone in Juneau, Alaska, USA, Timeanddate.com.
  19. ^ "Alaska Asks for Reduction Of Time Zones". The Daily Sitka Sentinel. Associated Press. April 20, 1983.
  20. ^ Spencer, Hal (September 16, 1983). "Most of Alaska to Switch to a Common Time Zone". The Daily Sitka Sentinel.
  21. ^ "AROUND THE NATION; Most of Alaska to Go Under One Time Zone". The New York Times. September 18, 1983. Retrieved October 18, 2022.
  22. ^ Wallace Turner (November 1, 1983). "Alaska's four time zones now two". The New York Times. Retrieved September 21, 2017. The big change was in Juneau, Ketchikan and Sitka, the major towns in southeast Alaska, where clocks shifted back two hours to Yukon time. After decades on Pacific time, this region will now be an hour earlier, as will Anchorage and Fairbanks, which formerly were two hours earlier than Pacific time.
  23. ^ Hal Spencer (September 16, 1983). "Most of Alaska to Switch to a Common Time Zone". The Daily Sitka Sentinel.
  24. ^ Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1984. Section 2003. 97 Stat. 1153

May 03, 2024
time, alaska, alaska, officially, covered, time, zones, alaska, time, zone, hawaii, aleutian, time, zone, hawaii, aleutian, time, zone, used, aleutian, islands, west, islands, four, mountains, andreanof, islands, islands, near, islands, rest, state, uses, alas. Alaska is officially covered by two time zones the Alaska Time Zone and the Hawaii Aleutian Time Zone The Hawaii Aleutian Time Zone is used for the Aleutian Islands west of 169 30 W Islands of Four Mountains Andreanof Islands Rat Islands and Near Islands 1 and the rest of the state uses the Alaska Time Zone 2 The entirety of Alaska observes daylight saving time The town of Hyder because it essentially is a single town split by the border between the United States and Canada unofficially observes Pacific Time including DST UTC 08 00 DST UTC 07 00 like its neighbor Stewart British Columbia with the exception of the U S Post Office because it is a federal facility 3 4 5 Contents 1 History 1 1 Historic alterations 2 tz database 3 Notes 4 ReferencesHistory editAs part of Russian America Alaska used the Julian calendar and the same day of the week as Asia In 1867 Alaska became a United States territory through the Alaska Purchase and began using the Gregorian calendar and the same day of the week as the Americas The switch was achieved by repeating the same day of the week and skipping eleven days of the month instead of twelve during the 19th century so that the purchase date of Friday October 6 Julian was followed once again by Friday October 18 instead of Saturday October 19 in Gregorian 6 That change redrew the International Date Line from being east to west of the territory to realign itself from Asian to American dates Before time zones were introduced every place used local observation of the sun to set its clocks which meant that every location used a different local mean time based on its longitude For example Sitka the capital of Alaska at the time at longitude 135 20 W had a local time equivalent to UTC 14 59 under Russia and UTC 09 01 under the United States 7 In 1900 Alaska Standard Time was established within the state as UTC 09 00 8 In 1918 the United States Congress passed the Standard Time Act which defined a standard time zone for Alaska United States Standard Alaska Time set at UTC 10 00 9 On January 20 1942 all of the United States including Alaska began to observe War Time 10 Standard time in the United States advanced by one hour and would remain so until September 25 1945 when the act was repealed 11 In 1966 Congress passed the Uniform Time Act The Uniform Time Act introduced Daylight Saving Time uniformly in the United States which Alaska would begin observing on April 28 1968 12 13 The Uniform Time Act also defined four time zones that Alaska would use 14 Bering Standard Time UTC 11 00 used by the west coast including Nome and the Aleutian Islands 15 16 Alaska Hawaii Standard Time UTC 10 00 used by most of Alaska including Anchorage and Fairbanks 12 Yukon Standard Time UTC 09 00 used by Yakutat 17 Pacific Standard Time UTC 08 00 used by Southeast Alaska including Juneau 18 In April 1983 the Alaska Legislature approved a resolution asking the Department of Transportation to switch Alaska to use only two time zones 19 It was approved by Secretary of Transportation Elizabeth Dole on September 15 1983 and took effect on October 30 1983 20 21 Areas east of Unalaska began using the Yukon Time Zone UTC 09 00 Most of the Aleutian Islands previously on Bering Time were now using Alaska Hawaii Time 22 As an act of Congress was required to change the name of the time zones 23 the time zones did not gain their modern names Alaska Time and Hawaii Aleutian Time until November 30 1984 24 Historic alterations edit Period in use Time offset from GMT UTC a Name of time Wednesday July 15 1741 Friday October 6 1867 Julian Calendar GMT 14 59 in Sitka Local Mean Time GMT 12 24 in Aleutian Islands Friday October 18 1867 1900 Gregorian Calendar GMT 09 01 in Sitka Local Mean Time GMT 11 36 in Aleutian Islands 1900 1918 GMT 09 00 including Aleutian Islands Alaska Standard Time 1918 January 19 1942 GMT 08 00 Panhandle Areas Pacific Standard Time GMT 09 00 in Yakutat Yukon Standard Time GMT 10 00 Alaska Standard Time GMT 11 00 Nome and Aleutian Islands Bering Standard Time January 20 1942 September 30 1945 GMT 07 00 Panhandle Areas Pacific War Time GMT 08 00 in Yakutat Yukon War Time GMT 09 00 Alaska War Time GMT 10 00 Nome and Aleutian Islands Bering War Time September 30 1945 March 31 1967 GMT 08 00 Panhandle Areas Pacific Standard Time GMT 09 00 in Yakutat Yukon Standard Time GMT 10 00 Alaska Standard Time GMT 11 00 Nome and Aleutian Islands Bering Standard Time April 1 1967 October 30 1983 GMT UTC 08 00 Panhandle Areas Pacific Standard Time GMT UTC 09 00 in Yakutat Yukon Standard Time GMT UTC 10 00 Alaska Hawaii Standard Time GMT UTC 11 00 Nome and Aleutian Islands Bering Standard Time October 30 1983 present UTC 09 00 in Juneau Alaska Time Zone UTC 10 00 in Aleutian Islands Hawaii Aleutian Time Zone 2007 present UTC 08 00 except in Aleutian Islands Alaska Daylight Timetz database editThe tz database version 2024a contains seven time zones for Alaska for historical reasons Only three America Adak America Anchorage and America Metlakatla are currently in use CC Coordinates TZ Comments UTC offset UTC offset DST Notes US 611305 1495401 America Anchorage Alaska most areas 09 00 08 00 US 581807 1342511 America Juneau Alaska Juneau area 09 00 08 00 US 571035 1351807 America Sitka Alaska Sitka area 09 00 08 00 US 593249 1394338 America Yakutat Alaska Yakutat 09 00 08 00 US 643004 1652423 America Nome Alaska west 09 00 08 00 US 515248 1763929 America Adak Alaska western Aleutians 10 00 09 00 US 550737 1313435 America Metlakatla Alaska Annette Island 09 00 08 00Notes edit The term UTC Coordinated Universal Time begin in use just after the introduction of Unix Time on January 1 1970 In those days before 1970 the GMT Greenwich Mean Time was the term being used References edit eCFR 49 CFR 71 12 Hawaii Aleutian zone Code of Federal Regulations Retrieved October 18 2022 eCFR 49 CFR 71 11 Alaska zone Code of Federal Regulations Retrieved October 18 2022 Exceptions Oddities and Notes OnTimeZone com Retrieved June 17 2012 Bohrer Becky April 26 2021 Dunleavy shares COVID vaccine with Canadian town Alaska Public Media Retrieved October 25 2022 Levin Dan July 4 2016 In Hyder roaming grizzlies no police and large doses of Canada Anchorage Daily News Retrieved August 12 2023 Dershowitz Nachum Reingold Edward M 2008 Calendrical Calculations Cambridge University Press p 47 ISBN 9780521885409 Time Zone in Sitka Alaska USA Timeanddate com Keeping Time in Alaska National Directives Local Response Alaska Historical Society Alaska Historical Society Retrieved October 20 2022 Standard Time Act of 1918 40 Stat 450 AN ACT To promote the national security and defense by establishing daylight saving time 56 Stat 9 AN ACT To provide for termination of daylight saving time 59 Stat 537 a b Time Zone in Anchorage Alaska USA Timeanddate com Daylight Savings Time Comes To Alaska Soon The Daily Sitka Sentinel April 22 1968 Alaskans will advance their clocks one hour next Sunday as the state for the first time observes Daylight Savings Time Uniform Time Act of 1966 Pub L Tooltip Public Law United States 89 387 80 Stat 107 enacted April 13 1966 Time Zone in Nome Alaska USA Timeanddate com Time Zone in Adak Alaska USA Timeanddate com Time Zone in Yakutat Alaska USA Timeanddate com Time Zone in Juneau Alaska USA Timeanddate com Alaska Asks for Reduction Of Time Zones The Daily Sitka Sentinel Associated Press April 20 1983 Spencer Hal September 16 1983 Most of Alaska to Switch to a Common Time Zone The Daily Sitka Sentinel AROUND THE NATION Most of Alaska to Go Under One Time Zone The New York Times September 18 1983 Retrieved October 18 2022 Wallace Turner November 1 1983 Alaska s four time zones now two The New York Times Retrieved September 21 2017 The big change was in Juneau Ketchikan and Sitka the major towns in southeast Alaska where clocks shifted back two hours to Yukon time After decades on Pacific time this region will now be an hour earlier as will Anchorage and Fairbanks which formerly were two hours earlier than Pacific time Hal Spencer September 16 1983 Most of Alaska to Switch to a Common Time Zone The Daily Sitka Sentinel Supplemental Appropriations Act 1984 Section 2003 97 Stat 1153 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Time in Alaska amp oldid 1221376339, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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