Several drugs are available for treating intestinal infections, the most effective of which has been shown to be Paromomycin (also known as Humatin).
E. histolytica infections occur in both the intestine and (in people with symptoms) in tissue of the intestine and/or liver.[2] As a result, both tissue and luminal drugs are needed to treat the infection, one for each location. Metronidazole is usually given first, followed by Paromomycin or Diloxanide.
E. dispar does not require treatment, but many laboratories (even in the developed world) do not have the facilities to distinguish this from E. histolytica.
Tissue amebicidesedit
Metronidazole, or a related drug such as tinidazole, secnidazole or ornidazole, is used to destroy amoebae that have invaded tissue.[2] These are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to the site of infection. Because they are rapidly absorbed there is almost none remaining in the intestine.
For amebic dysentery a multi-prong approach must be used, starting with one of:
metronidazole 500–750 mg three times a day for 5–10 days
tinidazole 2g once a day for 3 days is an alternative to metronidazole
Doses for children are calculated by body weight and a pharmacist should be consulted for help.
Luminal amebicidesedit
Since most of the amoebae remain in the intestine when tissue invasion occurs, it is important to get rid of those also or the patient will be at risk of developing another case of invasive disease. Several drugs are available for treating intestinal infections, the most effective of which has been shown to be paromomycin (also known as Humatin); iodoquinol (also known as Yodoxin) is used in the US; and diloxanide furoate (also known as Furamide) is used in certain other countries.
In addition to the tissue amebicides above, one of the following lumenal amebicides should be prescribed as an adjunctive treatment, either concurrently or sequentially, to destroy E. histolytica in the colon:
The Nicobarese people have attested to the medicinal properties found in Glochidion calocarpum, a plant endemic to India, saying that its bark and seed are most effective in curing abdominal disorders associated with amoebiasis.[4]
Naegleriaedit
Although Naegleria is sometimes considered amoeboid, unlike Acanthamoeba or Balamuthia it is not closely related to the Amoebozoa (it is much more closely related to Leishmania) and agents used to treat Naegleria infections are usually addressed separately.
^ abRyan KJ, Ray CG, eds. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 733–8. ISBN0-8385-8529-9.
^Perrine D, Chenu JP, Georges P, Lancelot JC, Saturnino C, Robba M (February 1995). "Amoebicidal efficiencies of various diamidines against two strains of Acanthamoeba polyphaga". Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39 (2): 339–42. doi:10.1128/aac.39.2.339. PMC162538. PMID 7726493.
^See p. 412 in: Hammer, K (1990). "Barilla (Salsola soda, Chenopodiaceae)". Economic Botany. 44 (3): 410–412. doi:10.1007/bf03183925. JSTOR 4255259.
amebicide, amebicide, amoebicide, agent, that, destructive, amoeba, especially, parasitic, amoeba, that, cause, amoebiasis, contents, entamoeba, tissue, amebicides, luminal, amebicides, amebic, liver, abscess, acanthamoeba, treatment, primitive, medicines, nae. An amebicide or amoebicide is an agent that is destructive to amoeba especially parasitic amoeba that cause amoebiasis 1 Contents 1 Entamoeba 1 1 Tissue amebicides 1 2 Luminal amebicides 1 3 Amebic liver abscess 2 Acanthamoeba 3 Treatment by use of primitive medicines 4 Naegleria 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksEntamoeba editMetronidazole or a related drug such as Tinidazole Secnidazole or Ornidazole is used to destroy amoebae that have invaded tissue Several drugs are available for treating intestinal infections the most effective of which has been shown to be Paromomycin also known as Humatin E histolytica infections occur in both the intestine and in people with symptoms in tissue of the intestine and or liver 2 As a result both tissue and luminal drugs are needed to treat the infection one for each location Metronidazole is usually given first followed by Paromomycin or Diloxanide E dispar does not require treatment but many laboratories even in the developed world do not have the facilities to distinguish this from E histolytica Tissue amebicides edit Metronidazole or a related drug such as tinidazole secnidazole or ornidazole is used to destroy amoebae that have invaded tissue 2 These are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to the site of infection Because they are rapidly absorbed there is almost none remaining in the intestine For amebic dysentery a multi prong approach must be used starting with one of metronidazole 500 750 mg three times a day for 5 10 days tinidazole 2g once a day for 3 days is an alternative to metronidazole Doses for children are calculated by body weight and a pharmacist should be consulted for help Luminal amebicides edit Since most of the amoebae remain in the intestine when tissue invasion occurs it is important to get rid of those also or the patient will be at risk of developing another case of invasive disease Several drugs are available for treating intestinal infections the most effective of which has been shown to be paromomycin also known as Humatin iodoquinol also known as Yodoxin is used in the US and diloxanide furoate also known as Furamide is used in certain other countries In addition to the tissue amebicides above one of the following lumenal amebicides should be prescribed as an adjunctive treatment either concurrently or sequentially to destroy E histolytica in the colon Paromomycin 500 mg three times a day for 10 days Iodoquinol 650 mg three times a day for 20 days Doses for children are calculated by body weight and a pharmacist should be consulted for help Amebic liver abscess edit For amebic liver abscess Metronidazole 400 mg three times a day for 10 days Tinidazole 2g once a day for 6 days is an alternative to metronidazole Diloxanide furoate 500 mg three times a day for 10 days or one of the other lumenal amebicides above must always be given afterwards Doses for children are calculated by body weight and a pharmacist should be consulted for help Acanthamoeba editPropamidine isethionate has been used in the treatment of Acanthamoeba infection 3 Treatment by use of primitive medicines editThe Nicobarese people have attested to the medicinal properties found in Glochidion calocarpum a plant endemic to India saying that its bark and seed are most effective in curing abdominal disorders associated with amoebiasis 4 Naegleria editAlthough Naegleria is sometimes considered amoeboid unlike Acanthamoeba or Balamuthia it is not closely related to the Amoebozoa it is much more closely related to Leishmania and agents used to treat Naegleria infections are usually addressed separately See also editAnti protistReferences edit Amebicides at the U S National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH a b Ryan KJ Ray CG eds 2004 Sherris Medical Microbiology 4th ed McGraw Hill pp 733 8 ISBN 0 8385 8529 9 Perrine D Chenu JP Georges P Lancelot JC Saturnino C Robba M February 1995 Amoebicidal efficiencies of various diamidines against two strains of Acanthamoeba polyphaga Antimicrob Agents Chemother 39 2 339 42 doi 10 1128 aac 39 2 339 PMC 162538 PMID 7726493 See p 412 in Hammer K 1990 Barilla Salsola soda Chenopodiaceae Economic Botany 44 3 410 412 doi 10 1007 bf03183925 JSTOR 4255259 External links editMeSH list of agents 82000563 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Amebicide amp oldid 1020006901, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
