fbpx
Wikipedia

Alsace independence movement

February 15, 2024

The Alsace independence movement (French: Mouvement autonomiste alsacien; Alsatian: D'Elsässischa Salbschtstandikaitbewegùng; German: Elsässische autonome Bewegung) is a cultural, ideological and political regionalist movement for greater autonomy or outright independence of Alsace.

Alsace autonomist movement
Mouvement autonomiste alsacien
Rot un Wiss, the original flag of Alsace, with origins in the red and white banner of Gérard d'Alsace, Duke of Lorraine in the 11th century.
TypeIndependence movement
Regionalism (politics)
PurposeGreater autonomy
Region served
Alsace
MethodsProtests
Party politics
AffiliationsAlsace d'abord
Unser Land
Coat of arms of Alsace, representing Haut-Rhin and Bas-Rhin.

Purposes generally include opposition to centralist territorial, political and legal pretensions of either France ("Jacobin policies"), including the new French region Grand Est since 1 January 2016, and Pan-Germanism of Germany; or both. It instead generally favours regional decentralization including political and fiscal autonomy for Alsace, promoting the defense of its culture, history, traditions, and bilingualism of the Alsatian language. A slogan that has sometimes occurred in protests in the 21st century is "Elsass frei" ("Alsace free").

Several mass protests have taken place in public places around Alsace in opposition to the French region of Grand Est, with ratification on 1 January 2016. In addition, several Alsatian organisations and political parties have been formed to promote the cause, notably Alsace d'abord and Unser Land.

The movement of greater autonomy of Alsace runs partly parallel to that of Alemannic separatism, originating in the Napoleonic era (ca. 1805–1815) and briefly revived both after World War I (1919) and after World War II (1946–1952).

History edit

 
Present location of Alsace within France.
 
Traditional distribution of the Alsatian language as an Upper Rhine German or Alemannic dialect in the 19th and 20th century.

Background edit

Due to expansionist doctrines of France since the time of Louis XIV, Alsatians have been subject to many shifts in European history.

Over the centuries, many figures and organisations have contributed to the cause of rejected either or both of these pretentions, promoting varying degrees of autonomy or even independence, both in public and in form of political participation.

Various autonomist and separatist movements in Alsace have received support from over the political spectrum, including left, centre and right, comprising diverse political ideologies.

19th century edit

World War II edit

The establishment of Nazi Germany and its annexation of Alsace-Lorraine during the World War II, introduced a new situation for many Alsatians, including hardships for many, such as the malgré-nous. However, some advocates of autonomy for Alsace saw the new regime as a chance to reenacted rights for the culture and autonomy of the Alsatians formerly under French government. While few were actually attracted to the antisemitism or authoritarianism of the regime, a number of Alsatian autonomists were subsequently accused of collaboration with Nazi officials after the war, some of which were trialed, prisoned, and even executed.

  • fr:Fritz Spieser (1902-1987)
  • de:Paul Schall (1898-1981)
  • fr:Joseph Bilger (1905-1975)
  • fr:Marcel Stürmel (1900-1972)
  • fr:Camille Dahlet (1883-1963)
  • fr:Joseph Rossé (1892–1951)
  • Jean-Pierre Mourer (1897-1947)
  • Charles Hueber (1883-1943)
  • fr:Charles Roos (1878-1940)
  • Eugène Ricklin (1862–1935)

After war, also related groups fr:Nanziger and fr:Loups Noirs remain notable.

However, other Alsatian were staunch opponents of the Nazi occupation, such as the artist Jean-Jacques Waltz.

After reattachment to France edit

 
Protests against the new French region of Grand Est.
 
Protests.
 
Protests against Grand Est.

In contemporary Alsace, Unser Land, formed in 2009 after a merge of Union du peuple alsacien and Fer's Elsass, constitutes the most notable current political party associated with promotion of greater autonomy of Alsace. Alsace d'abord is another, smaller organisation.

Political parties edit

  • Alsace d'abord
    • fr:Robert Spieler (born 1951) (as well as other political parties)
    • fr:Jacques Cordonnier (born 1950)
  • fr:Front culturel alsacien
    • fr:André Weckmann (1924-2012)
    • fr:Andrée Buchmann (born 1956)

Organisations edit

  • fr:Solidarité alsacienne

Other edit

  • fr:Pierre Zind (1923-1988)

Loss of regional status edit

Despite many protests, the new French region of Grand Est was introduced with ratification on 1 January 2016.

Gallery edit

See also edit

Main article: Alsace

History edit

Politics edit

Main article: Politics of France

Footnotes edit

References edit

  • Heiko Haumann: „Schwäbisch-alemannische Demokratie“ gegen „Staufisch-schwäbischen Imperialismus“? Politische Konzeptionen in Baden und Württemberg 1945–1952. In Allmende. Zeitschrift für Literatur. Bd. 8, Nr. 20, Karlsruhe 1988, 36–52, ISSN 0720-3098.
  • Manfred Joss: Schwäbisch-Alemannische Demokratie. Vision und Scheitern eines Separatstaats im deutschen Südwesten nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg. Lizentiatsarbeit, Historisches Institut, Universität Bern 2005.
  • Jürgen Klöckler: „Das Land der Alemannen …“. Pläne für einen Heimatstaat im Bodenseeraum nach 1945. UVK Verlagsgesellschaft, Konstanz 1999, ISBN 3-89669-906-7.

February 15, 2024
alsace, independence, movement, french, mouvement, autonomiste, alsacien, alsatian, elsässischa, salbschtstandikaitbewegùng, german, elsässische, autonome, bewegung, cultural, ideological, political, regionalist, movement, greater, autonomy, outright, independ. The Alsace independence movement French Mouvement autonomiste alsacien Alsatian D Elsassischa Salbschtstandikaitbewegung German Elsassische autonome Bewegung is a cultural ideological and political regionalist movement for greater autonomy or outright independence of Alsace Alsace autonomist movementMouvement autonomiste alsacienRot un Wiss the original flag of Alsace with origins in the red and white banner of Gerard d Alsace Duke of Lorraine in the 11th century TypeIndependence movementRegionalism politics PurposeGreater autonomyRegion servedAlsaceMethodsProtestsParty politicsAffiliationsAlsace d abordUnser LandCoat of arms of Alsace representing Haut Rhin and Bas Rhin Purposes generally include opposition to centralist territorial political and legal pretensions of either France Jacobin policies including the new French region Grand Est since 1 January 2016 and Pan Germanism of Germany or both It instead generally favours regional decentralization including political and fiscal autonomy for Alsace promoting the defense of its culture history traditions and bilingualism of the Alsatian language A slogan that has sometimes occurred in protests in the 21st century is Elsass frei Alsace free Several mass protests have taken place in public places around Alsace in opposition to the French region of Grand Est with ratification on 1 January 2016 In addition several Alsatian organisations and political parties have been formed to promote the cause notably Alsace d abord and Unser Land The movement of greater autonomy of Alsace runs partly parallel to that of Alemannic separatism originating in the Napoleonic era ca 1805 1815 and briefly revived both after World War I 1919 and after World War II 1946 1952 Contents 1 History 1 1 Background 1 2 19th century 1 3 World War II 2 After reattachment to France 2 1 Political parties 2 2 Organisations 2 3 Other 2 4 Loss of regional status 3 Gallery 4 See also 4 1 History 4 2 Politics 5 Footnotes 6 ReferencesHistory edit nbsp Present location of Alsace within France nbsp Traditional distribution of the Alsatian language as an Upper Rhine German or Alemannic dialect in the 19th and 20th century Background edit Due to expansionist doctrines of France since the time of Louis XIV Alsatians have been subject to many shifts in European history Over the centuries many figures and organisations have contributed to the cause of rejected either or both of these pretentions promoting varying degrees of autonomy or even independence both in public and in form of political participation Various autonomist and separatist movements in Alsace have received support from over the political spectrum including left centre and right comprising diverse political ideologies 19th century edit Alsatian Workers and Peasants PartyWorld War II edit The establishment of Nazi Germany and its annexation of Alsace Lorraine during the World War II introduced a new situation for many Alsatians including hardships for many such as the malgre nous However some advocates of autonomy for Alsace saw the new regime as a chance to reenacted rights for the culture and autonomy of the Alsatians formerly under French government While few were actually attracted to the antisemitism or authoritarianism of the regime a number of Alsatian autonomists were subsequently accused of collaboration with Nazi officials after the war some of which were trialed prisoned and even executed fr Fritz Spieser 1902 1987 de Paul Schall 1898 1981 fr Joseph Bilger 1905 1975 fr Marcel Sturmel 1900 1972 fr Camille Dahlet 1883 1963 fr Joseph Rosse 1892 1951 Jean Pierre Mourer 1897 1947 Charles Hueber 1883 1943 fr Charles Roos 1878 1940 Eugene Ricklin 1862 1935 After war also related groups fr Nanziger and fr Loups Noirs remain notable However other Alsatian were staunch opponents of the Nazi occupation such as the artist Jean Jacques Waltz After reattachment to France edit nbsp Protests against the new French region of Grand Est nbsp Protests nbsp Protests against Grand Est In contemporary Alsace Unser Land formed in 2009 after a merge of Union du peuple alsacien and Fer s Elsass constitutes the most notable current political party associated with promotion of greater autonomy of Alsace Alsace d abord is another smaller organisation Political parties edit Alsace d abord fr Robert Spieler born 1951 as well as other political parties fr Jacques Cordonnier born 1950 fr Front culturel alsacien fr Andre Weckmann 1924 2012 fr Andree Buchmann born 1956 Unser landOrganisations edit fr Solidarite alsacienneOther edit fr Pierre Zind 1923 1988 Loss of regional status edit Despite many protests the new French region of Grand Est was introduced with ratification on 1 January 2016 Gallery edit nbsp Painting of the ceremony of the Schwoertag circa 1785 Musee historique de Strasbourg nbsp Statue of General Jean Baptiste Kleber 1753 1800 in Place Kleber Strasbourg erected in 1838 Kleber who was born to a builder in Strasbourg was undoubtedly one of the greatest generals of the French Revolutionary Wars second in command only to Napoleon before death in Cairo Egypt nbsp The flag of Alsace in illustration by Charles Spindler nbsp Bilingual postcard nbsp The replica of the Statue of Liberty in Colmar the birth town of its sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi has been a notable site of assembly of protests against the new French region Grand Est nbsp Alsace has been the subject of many conflicts Here a painting from 1887 depicting a child being taught about the lost province of Alsace Lorraine in the aftermath of the Franco Prussian War that is depicted in the colour black on a map of France nbsp Alsatian postal card during World War I 1914 1918 Wir kennen keine Parteien mehr German We don t know any parties anymore nbsp Ausruf der Republik the proclamation of the Republic of Alsace on 10 November 1918 in Place Kleber Strasbourg during the tumultuous November 1918 in Alsace Lorraine nbsp Military Council in Strasbourg 15 November 1918 nbsp Andre Malraux winter 1944 45 as Commander of the Alsace Lorraine Independent Brigade France a unit that fought alongside regular French Army forces in World War II nbsp Monument in Obernai Bas Rhin dedicated to the Malgre nous French Against our will soldiers who were involuntarily conscripted into the German Wehrmacht or Waffen SS during World War II nbsp Protesters holding a banner saying No to merger Non a la fusion during a demonstration in November 2014 in Strasbourg against the merger of Grand Est See also editMain article Alsace History edit es Alsacia en 1789 November 1918 in Alsace Lorraine Alemannic separatism Grand Est OppositionPolitics edit Main article Politics of France Alsace d abord fr Espace nouveau jeune fr Jeune Alsace Unser Land fr Union du peuple alsacien fr Fer s Elsass de Nationalforum Elsass Lothringen fr Front culturel alsacien Popular Republican Union part of Independents of Popular Action Portals nbsp Politics nbsp France nbsp GermanyFootnotes editThis article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations April 2018 Learn how and when to remove this template message References editHeiko Haumann Schwabisch alemannische Demokratie gegen Staufisch schwabischen Imperialismus Politische Konzeptionen in Baden und Wurttemberg 1945 1952 In Allmende Zeitschrift fur Literatur Bd 8 Nr 20 Karlsruhe 1988 36 52 ISSN 0720 3098 Manfred Joss Schwabisch Alemannische Demokratie Vision und Scheitern eines Separatstaats im deutschen Sudwesten nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg Lizentiatsarbeit Historisches Institut Universitat Bern 2005 Jurgen Klockler Das Land der Alemannen Plane fur einen Heimatstaat im Bodenseeraum nach 1945 UVK Verlagsgesellschaft Konstanz 1999 ISBN 3 89669 906 7 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alsace independence movement amp oldid 1155189662, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.