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Almo Collegio Capranica

January 13, 2023

The Almo Collegio Capranica is the oldest Roman college, founded in 1457 by Cardinal Domenico Capranica (1400–1458) in his own palace for thirty young clerics, who received an education suitable to prepare them for the priesthood.

Coat of arms of Cardinal Domenico Capranica, now the coat of arms of the Almo Collegio Capranica

History

 
Madonna with child and saints by Antoniazzo Romano, Chapel, Almo Collegio Capranica
Main article: Domenico Capranica

The Capranica College is located in the Piazza Capranica, in the Colonna district. The Capranica family made their fortunes under Pope Martin V (Oddone Colonna). Domenico Capranica (1400-1458), was a cardinal and a humanist. Upon the death of Martin V, conflict arose between the rival Colonna and Orsini families. Capranica, who was often away on assignments for the papacy, found his home stripped and decided to build a new one.[1]

Around 1449 Cardinal Domenico Capranica began construction of his palace by buying some houses near the parish church of St. Mary in Aquiro, in the square that now bears his name. Among the buildings acquired there was a chapel, which tradition says was built on the site of the birthplace of St. Agnes, who would have suffered martyrdom in the nearby stadium of Domitian.

He founded the college in January 1457, with the aim of offering the opportunity of a proper education for the priesthood to young poor of the city of Rome. He opened it in his own palace for thirty-one poor scholars, sixteen in theology and the liberal arts, and fifteen in canon law.[2] In this he anticipated by more than a century the establishment of "seminaries" decreed by the Council of Trent. The institution was the first of its kind in Rome; initially reserved for young Romans, it later extended hospitality to students from other Italian regions and of different nationalities.

Capranica himself drew up their rules and presented the college with his own library, the more valuable portion of which was later transferred to the Vatican. The curriculum included the study of Aristotle and Aquinas. It was expected that over the holidays, students would gain experience by serving in the cathedral or in other local churches.

When the Constable de Bourbon laid siege to Rome in 1527, the Capranica students were among the few defenders of the Porta di S. Spirito, and all of them with their rector died when Rome was breached. The word "Almo" ("who gives life") in the title remembers them. The rector, according to the university custom of those days, was elected by the students and was always one of them until Pope Alexander VII decided that the rector should be appointed by the protectors of the college. In 1971 Pope Paul VI instituted an Episcopal Commission, composed of three former students, a cardinal and two bishops to direct the seminary.

After the French Revolution, the college was re-established in 1807; the number of free students was reduced to 13, but paying students were admitted. The College was closed from 1798 to 1807, during the Roman Republic.

Currently, the college has about fifty students, primarily from dioceses in Italy. There are also Orthodox pupils and students from Eastern Catholic Churches. Some students are preparing for the priesthood, others, already priests, continue their postgraduate studies. Typically a Capranica student enters the College during the years of preparation for ordination and remains there until the completion of his specialization. The college's patroness is St. Agnes.[3][4]

Building

The original one-story building probably had the workshops on the ground floor, with the living quarters and state rooms on the main floor.[1] After the death of Domenico in 1458, his brother Angelo, also a cardinal, enlarged the palace, but reserved part of the building for the family, who later created a theatre from existing family apartments without changing the exterior of the building.

The facade facing the square, is covered with light plaster and is characterized by the presence of the square tower, ending with a loggia that opens to the outside with two arched windows on each side. The current façade is not the original one but the result of renovations mainly in seventeenth century, during which as additional floor was added.

Chapel of St. Agnes

This chapel is commonly believed to be the oldest place of worship dedicated to the martyr.[5]

The main chapel of the College, dedicated to St. Agnes, was restored in 1954 in neo-Renaissance style. The walls are covered with polychrome marble and decorated with a double cornice. The semicircular apse contains Antoniazzo Romano's fresco of Madonna with Child, a holy bishop and St. Agnes. Stained glass windows depict St. Gregory the Great, St. Augustine, St. Jerome and St. Ambrose. The pipe organ is a Mascioni (Opus 696) manufactured in 1953.

Alumni

The Capranica has produced many notable ecclesiastics, including Popes Benedict XV and Pius XII, numerous cardinals, and Blessed Luigi Novarese[6]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Bongiovanni, Maria Beatrice. "Capranica family and his Roman palace", Telematic Bulletin of Art, November 14, 2013
  2. ^ Shahan, Thomas. "Domenico Capranica." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 3. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1908. 30 September 2022   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ^ Pope Benedict XVI, Address to the Community of the Almo Collegio Capranica, 20 January 2012, Libreria Editrice Vaticana
  4. ^ Tsogli, Gilbert. "The vocation to reconcile study and stove", L'Osservatore Romano, October 2, 2013
  5. ^ "Patron", Almo Collegio Capranica
  6. ^ "'La misericordia: Dio si muove a compassione'". Zenit (in Italian). 18 January 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2019.

External links

  • Official Site of the Almo Collegio Capranica
  • Pope John Paul II, Address to the Community of Almo Collegio Capranica, January 19, 2002, Libreria Editrice Vaticana
  • Interactive Nolli Map Website

January 13, 2023
almo, collegio, capranica, oldest, roman, college, founded, 1457, cardinal, domenico, capranica, 1400, 1458, palace, thirty, young, clerics, received, education, suitable, prepare, them, priesthood, coat, arms, cardinal, domenico, capranica, coat, arms, conten. The Almo Collegio Capranica is the oldest Roman college founded in 1457 by Cardinal Domenico Capranica 1400 1458 in his own palace for thirty young clerics who received an education suitable to prepare them for the priesthood Coat of arms of Cardinal Domenico Capranica now the coat of arms of the Almo Collegio Capranica Contents 1 History 2 Building 2 1 Chapel of St Agnes 3 Alumni 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory Edit Madonna with child and saints by Antoniazzo Romano Chapel Almo Collegio Capranica Main article Domenico Capranica The Capranica College is located in the Piazza Capranica in the Colonna district The Capranica family made their fortunes under Pope Martin V Oddone Colonna Domenico Capranica 1400 1458 was a cardinal and a humanist Upon the death of Martin V conflict arose between the rival Colonna and Orsini families Capranica who was often away on assignments for the papacy found his home stripped and decided to build a new one 1 Around 1449 Cardinal Domenico Capranica began construction of his palace by buying some houses near the parish church of St Mary in Aquiro in the square that now bears his name Among the buildings acquired there was a chapel which tradition says was built on the site of the birthplace of St Agnes who would have suffered martyrdom in the nearby stadium of Domitian He founded the college in January 1457 with the aim of offering the opportunity of a proper education for the priesthood to young poor of the city of Rome He opened it in his own palace for thirty one poor scholars sixteen in theology and the liberal arts and fifteen in canon law 2 In this he anticipated by more than a century the establishment of seminaries decreed by the Council of Trent The institution was the first of its kind in Rome initially reserved for young Romans it later extended hospitality to students from other Italian regions and of different nationalities Capranica himself drew up their rules and presented the college with his own library the more valuable portion of which was later transferred to the Vatican The curriculum included the study of Aristotle and Aquinas It was expected that over the holidays students would gain experience by serving in the cathedral or in other local churches When the Constable de Bourbon laid siege to Rome in 1527 the Capranica students were among the few defenders of the Porta di S Spirito and all of them with their rector died when Rome was breached The word Almo who gives life in the title remembers them The rector according to the university custom of those days was elected by the students and was always one of them until Pope Alexander VII decided that the rector should be appointed by the protectors of the college In 1971 Pope Paul VI instituted an Episcopal Commission composed of three former students a cardinal and two bishops to direct the seminary After the French Revolution the college was re established in 1807 the number of free students was reduced to 13 but paying students were admitted The College was closed from 1798 to 1807 during the Roman Republic Currently the college has about fifty students primarily from dioceses in Italy There are also Orthodox pupils and students from Eastern Catholic Churches Some students are preparing for the priesthood others already priests continue their postgraduate studies Typically a Capranica student enters the College during the years of preparation for ordination and remains there until the completion of his specialization The college s patroness is St Agnes 3 4 Building EditThe original one story building probably had the workshops on the ground floor with the living quarters and state rooms on the main floor 1 After the death of Domenico in 1458 his brother Angelo also a cardinal enlarged the palace but reserved part of the building for the family who later created a theatre from existing family apartments without changing the exterior of the building The facade facing the square is covered with light plaster and is characterized by the presence of the square tower ending with a loggia that opens to the outside with two arched windows on each side The current facade is not the original one but the result of renovations mainly in seventeenth century during which as additional floor was added Chapel of St Agnes Edit This chapel is commonly believed to be the oldest place of worship dedicated to the martyr 5 The main chapel of the College dedicated to St Agnes was restored in 1954 in neo Renaissance style The walls are covered with polychrome marble and decorated with a double cornice The semicircular apse contains Antoniazzo Romano s fresco of Madonna with Child a holy bishop and St Agnes Stained glass windows depict St Gregory the Great St Augustine St Jerome and St Ambrose The pipe organ is a Mascioni Opus 696 manufactured in 1953 Alumni EditThe Capranica has produced many notable ecclesiastics including Popes Benedict XV and Pius XII numerous cardinals and Blessed Luigi Novarese 6 Pope Benedict XV Born Giacomo della Chiesa 1854 1922 Pope from 3 September 1914 to 22 January 1922 Pope Pius XII Born Eugenio Pacelli 1872 1958 Pope from 2 March 1939 to 9 October 1958 Cardinal Bartolomeo Bacilieri 1842 1923 Bishop of Verona 1900 1923 Cardinal Mariano Rampolla del Tindaro 1843 1913 Cardinal Secretary of State 1887 1903 Cardinal Niccolo Marini 1843 1923 Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for the Oriental Churches Cardinal Aristide Rinaldini 1844 1920 Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals Cardinal Camillo Laurenti 1861 1938 Prefect of Sacred Congregation of Religious of the Sacred Congregation of Rites Cardinal Francesco Marchetti Selvaggiani 1871 1951 Secretary of Propaganda Fidei and of the Holy Office and Vicar of Rome Cardinal Nicola Canali 1874 1961 President of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State 1939 1961 Cardinal Luigi Maglione 1877 1944 Cardinal Secretary of State 1939 1944 Cardinal Enrico Dante 1884 1967 Master of Pontifical Ceremonies 1947 1967 Cardinal Clemente Micara 1879 1965 Pro Prefect of the Sacred Congregation of Rites 1950 1953 Cardinal Benedetto Aloisi Masella 1879 1970 Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for the Discipline of the Sacraments 1954 1968 Cardinal Luigi Traglia 1895 1977 Cardinal Vicar of Rome 1965 1968 Cardinal Guido Del Mestri 1911 1993 Nuncio Apostolico to West Germany 1975 1984 Cardinal Domenico Bartolucci 1917 Director of the Sistine Chapel Choir 1956 Cardinal Lorenzo Antonetti 1922 President of Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See Cardinal Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo 1925 Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls Cardinal Mario Francesco Pompedda 1929 2006 Prefect of the Apostolic Signatura Cardinal Aloysius Ambrozic 1930 Archbishop of Toronto 1990 2007 Cardinal Sergio Sebastiani 1931 President of Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See 1997 2008 Cardinal Renato Martino 1932 President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace 2002 2009 Cardinal Camillo Ruini 1932 Vicar of the Diocesis of Rome 1991 2008 President of the Italian Episcopal Conference 1991 2007 Cardinal Paolo Romeo 1938 Archbishop of Palermo 2007 Archbishop Antonio Buoncristiani archbishop of Siena Colle di Val d Elsa and Montalcino 2001 Archbishop Roland Minnerath Archbishop of Dijon 2004 Archbishop Renato Boccardo Archbishop of Spoleto and Norcia 2009 Archbishop Rino Fisichella President of the Pontifical Council for the Promotion of the New Evangelisation 2010 Archbishop Francesco Alfano Archbishop of Sorrento Castellammare di Stabia 2012 Archbishop Domenico Sorrentino Bishop of Assisi and Norcia 2005 Archbishop Michele Pennisi 1946 Archbishop of Monreale 2013 Archbishop Piero Pioppo Nuncio to Cameroon and Equatorial Guinee 2010 Bishop Filippo Santoro 1948 Archbishop of Taranto 2011 Bishop Franco Gualdrini 1923 2010 Bishop of Terni Narni and Amelia 1983 2000 Bishop Mansueto Bianchi Bishop of Volterra 2000 2006 and Pistoia 2006 Bishop Paolo Gillet 1929 Auxiliary Bishop of Albano 1993 2005 Bishop Giuseppe Orlandoni 1939 Bishop of Senigallia 1997 Bishop Richard John Grecco 1946 bishop of Charlottetown 2009 Mons Mariano Crociata 1953 bishop of Noto secretary general of the Italian Bishops Conference 2008 Bishop Frederick Colli 1949 bishop of Thunder Bay Ontario 1999 Bishop Fausto Tardelli 1951 Bishop of San Miniato 2004 Bishop Claudio Maniago 1959 Auxiliary bishop of Florence 2003 Bishop Vincenzo Apicella Bishop of Velletri Segni 2006 Card Pietro Pavan 1903 1994 Card Antonio Vico 1847 1929 Card Alessandro Sanminiatelli Zabarella 1840 1910 Arch Alfonso Carinci 1862 1963 Secretary S C dei Riti 1945 1960 Rector of the Capranica 1911 1930 See also EditRoman CollegesReferences Edit a b Bongiovanni Maria Beatrice Capranica family and his Roman palace Telematic Bulletin of Art November 14 2013 Shahan Thomas Domenico Capranica The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol 3 New York Robert Appleton Company 1908 30 September 2022 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Pope Benedict XVI Address to the Community of the Almo Collegio Capranica 20 January 2012 Libreria Editrice Vaticana Tsogli Gilbert The vocation to reconcile study and stove L Osservatore Romano October 2 2013 Patron Almo Collegio Capranica La misericordia Dio si muove a compassione Zenit in Italian 18 January 2016 Retrieved 28 April 2019 External links EditOfficial Site of the Almo Collegio Capranica Pope John Paul II Address to the Community of Almo Collegio Capranica January 19 2002 Libreria Editrice Vaticana Interactive Nolli Map Website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Almo Collegio Capranica amp oldid 1115319089, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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