The yellow-fronted parrot (Poicephalus flavifrons) from Africa is occasionally called "yellow-faced parrot".
The yellow-faced parrot (Alipiopsitta xanthops), formerly also known as the yellow-faced amazon, is the only species of the genusAlipiopsitta. It is a Neotropical parrot (tribe Arini), and was classified in the genus Amazona for many years. It is a predominantly green and yellow-plumaged bird with a yellow head. It is a semi-nomadic species found in the cerrado region of Brazil and adjacent Bolivia.[1] As the yellow-faced parrot has disappeared from parts of its former range due to habitat destruction and generally occurs in low densities, it was considered vulnerable by the IUCN, but it remains locally fairly common, occurs in several protected areas and can survive in fragmented habitats, leading to its downlisting to near-threatened.[1]
The German naturalist Johann Baptist von Spix first described the species in 1824 as Psittacus xanthops. Its species name is derived from the Ancient Greekxanthos "yellow", and ops "face".[2] For many years, it was placed within the genus Amazona, although Alípio de Miranda Ribeiro proposed the new genus Salvatoria in 1920 due to differences in the bill and plumage. A 1995 study showed its distinctness genetically,[3] followed up by more data which showed it to be much more closely related to the short-tailed parrot (Graydidascalus brachyurus) and to the members of the genus Pionus.[4] Following this discovery, it was briefly placed in the genus Salvatoria again, until this name was found to be pre-occupied by a group of polychaete worms from the superfamily Nereidoidea, thus leading to the transferral of the yellow-faced parrot to the new genus Alipiopsitta.[5]
Descriptionedit
Measuring about 27 cm (11 in) in length, the yellow-faced parrot has a stocky body and short tail.[6] It is a predominantly green and yellow-plumaged bird that in adults has a yellow crown, lores, cheeks and auriculars. The rest of the head, upperparts and chest are green with some yellowish-green scalloping. The sides of the belly are often mottled orange and yellow, and the belly is often yellow. However, there are significant variations in the amount of yellow to the underparts, and some show virtually none.[7] The wings are predominantly green, occasionally with some yellow spots.[7] There is blue edging on the primary coverts. The central feathers of the short tail are green, while the lateral ones are more yellow-green and have orange-red bases. The bill is yellowish-horn with a dark culmen, the cere is pinkish, and the iris is yellow.[7] The legs are light grey. There is no sexual dimorphism; the male and female are alike in plumage and size.[8] Immatures have less yellow to the head.[6]
Distribution and habitatedit
The majority of its range is in central and eastern Brazil, where found from Maranhão and Piauí to São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul.[1] It inhabits the cerrado on the plateau of Brazil,[8] as well as the dryer Caatinga scrubland. There are two records from Beni in northeastern Bolivia.[1] Despite occasionally being listed for Paraguay, evidence supporting its presence in this country is lacking.[1] Within its range it appears to be semi-nomadic. Much of its habitat is being converted to agricultural land and the populations are declining.[1]
Behaviouredit
The yellow-faced parrot forages for and eats the fruit and seeds of trees including Anacardium species, Salacia crassifolia and Astronium fraxinifolium. Flocks have also been recorded raiding crops of mango and unripe guava trees.[1] Termites are another diet item.[9]
Until recently, comparatively little was known of its habits. It has been studied in Emas National Park in Brazil. Its breeding season there is May to October. Nests are hollows in termite mounds. The eggs are incubated for 19–22 days, while the young take up to 45 days to leave the nest.[9]
Like most species of parrots, the yellow-faced parrot is protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) with its placement on the Appendix II list.[1]
Referencesedit
^ abcdefghiBirdLife International (2016). "Alipiopsitta xanthops". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22686311A93106694. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22686311A93106694.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
^Duarte JMB and Caparroz R (1995) Cytotaxonomic analysis of Brazilian species of the genus Amazona (Psittacidae, Aves) and confirmation of the genus Alipiopsitta (Caparroz and Pacheco). Braz J Genet 18:623-628.
^Russello, M.A. & Amato, G (2004) A molecular phylogeny of Amazona: implications for Neotropical parrot biogeography, taxonomy, and conservation. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 30: 421-437.
^Caparroz, R., & Pacheco, J.F. (2006). A homonymy in Psittacidae: new name for Salvatoria Miranda-Ribeiro. Rev. Brasileira de Ornitologia 14: 174–175.
^ abBirdLife International (2010) Species factsheet: Alipiopsitta xanthops. Accessed 6 December 2010.
^ abcvan Perlo, B. (2009). A Field Guide to the Birds of Brazil. Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-530154-0
^ abForshaw, Joseph M.; Cooper, William T. (1978) [1973]. Parrots of the World (2nd ed.). Melbourne Australia: Landsdowne Editions. pp. 553–54. ISBN0-7018-0690-7.
^ abBianchi, Carlos A. (2009). "Notes on the Ecology of the Yellow-faced Parrot (Alipiopsitta xanthops) in central Brazil". Ornitologia Neotropical. 20 (4): 479–89.
Hoppe, D., 2007: Ribeiropapagei – ein neuer Name für die Gelbbauchamazone. Gefiederte Welt, Vol. 131, pp. 173–176 + 210–213.
External linksedit
Media related to Alipiopsitta xanthops at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Alipiopsitta xanthops at Wikispecies
April 13, 2024
yellow, faced, parrot, yellow, fronted, parrot, poicephalus, flavifrons, from, africa, occasionally, called, yellow, faced, parrot, yellow, faced, parrot, alipiopsitta, xanthops, formerly, also, known, yellow, faced, amazon, only, species, genus, alipiopsitta,. The yellow fronted parrot Poicephalus flavifrons from Africa is occasionally called yellow faced parrot The yellow faced parrot Alipiopsitta xanthops formerly also known as the yellow faced amazon is the only species of the genus Alipiopsitta It is a Neotropical parrot tribe Arini and was classified in the genus Amazona for many years It is a predominantly green and yellow plumaged bird with a yellow head It is a semi nomadic species found in the cerrado region of Brazil and adjacent Bolivia 1 As the yellow faced parrot has disappeared from parts of its former range due to habitat destruction and generally occurs in low densities it was considered vulnerable by the IUCN but it remains locally fairly common occurs in several protected areas and can survive in fragmented habitats leading to its downlisting to near threatened 1 Yellow faced parrotAdultConservation statusNear Threatened IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PsittaciformesFamily PsittacidaeGenus AlipiopsittaCaparroz amp Pacheco 2006Species A xanthopsBinomial nameAlipiopsitta xanthops Spix 1824 SynonymsAmazona xanthopsSalvatoria xanthops Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Behaviour 5 References 6 External linksTaxonomy editThe German naturalist Johann Baptist von Spix first described the species in 1824 as Psittacus xanthops Its species name is derived from the Ancient Greek xanthos yellow and ops face 2 For many years it was placed within the genus Amazona although Alipio de Miranda Ribeiro proposed the new genus Salvatoria in 1920 due to differences in the bill and plumage A 1995 study showed its distinctness genetically 3 followed up by more data which showed it to be much more closely related to the short tailed parrot Graydidascalus brachyurus and to the members of the genus Pionus 4 Following this discovery it was briefly placed in the genus Salvatoria again until this name was found to be pre occupied by a group of polychaete worms from the superfamily Nereidoidea thus leading to the transferral of the yellow faced parrot to the new genus Alipiopsitta 5 Description editMeasuring about 27 cm 11 in in length the yellow faced parrot has a stocky body and short tail 6 It is a predominantly green and yellow plumaged bird that in adults has a yellow crown lores cheeks and auriculars The rest of the head upperparts and chest are green with some yellowish green scalloping The sides of the belly are often mottled orange and yellow and the belly is often yellow However there are significant variations in the amount of yellow to the underparts and some show virtually none 7 The wings are predominantly green occasionally with some yellow spots 7 There is blue edging on the primary coverts The central feathers of the short tail are green while the lateral ones are more yellow green and have orange red bases The bill is yellowish horn with a dark culmen the cere is pinkish and the iris is yellow 7 The legs are light grey There is no sexual dimorphism the male and female are alike in plumage and size 8 Immatures have less yellow to the head 6 Distribution and habitat editThe majority of its range is in central and eastern Brazil where found from Maranhao and Piaui to Sao Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul 1 It inhabits the cerrado on the plateau of Brazil 8 as well as the dryer Caatinga scrubland There are two records from Beni in northeastern Bolivia 1 Despite occasionally being listed for Paraguay evidence supporting its presence in this country is lacking 1 Within its range it appears to be semi nomadic Much of its habitat is being converted to agricultural land and the populations are declining 1 Behaviour editThe yellow faced parrot forages for and eats the fruit and seeds of trees including Anacardium species Salacia crassifolia and Astronium fraxinifolium Flocks have also been recorded raiding crops of mango and unripe guava trees 1 Termites are another diet item 9 Until recently comparatively little was known of its habits It has been studied in Emas National Park in Brazil Its breeding season there is May to October Nests are hollows in termite mounds The eggs are incubated for 19 22 days while the young take up to 45 days to leave the nest 9 Like most species of parrots the yellow faced parrot is protected by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES with its placement on the Appendix II list 1 References edit a b c d e f g h i BirdLife International 2016 Alipiopsitta xanthops IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22686311A93106694 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22686311A93106694 en Retrieved 11 November 2021 Liddell Henry George Robert Scott 1980 A Greek English Lexicon Abridged ed United Kingdom Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 910207 4 Duarte JMB and Caparroz R 1995 Cytotaxonomic analysis of Brazilian species of the genus Amazona Psittacidae Aves and confirmation of the genus Alipiopsitta Caparroz and Pacheco Braz J Genet 18 623 628 Russello M A amp Amato G 2004 A molecular phylogeny of Amazona implications for Neotropical parrot biogeography taxonomy and conservation Mol Phylogenet Evol 30 421 437 Caparroz R amp Pacheco J F 2006 A homonymy in Psittacidae new name for Salvatoria Miranda Ribeiro Rev Brasileira de Ornitologia 14 174 175 a b BirdLife International 2010 Species factsheet Alipiopsitta xanthops Accessed 6 December 2010 a b c van Perlo B 2009 A Field Guide to the Birds of Brazil Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 530154 0 a b Forshaw Joseph M Cooper William T 1978 1973 Parrots of the World 2nd ed Melbourne Australia Landsdowne Editions pp 553 54 ISBN 0 7018 0690 7 a b Bianchi Carlos A 2009 Notes on the Ecology of the Yellow faced Parrot Alipiopsitta xanthops in central Brazil Ornitologia Neotropical 20 4 479 89 Hoppe D 2007 Ribeiropapagei ein neuer Name fur die Gelbbauchamazone Gefiederte Welt Vol 131 pp 173 176 210 213 External links edit nbsp Media related to Alipiopsitta xanthops at Wikimedia Commons nbsp Data related to Alipiopsitta xanthops at Wikispecies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yellow faced parrot amp oldid 1213464785, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
