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Albéric Magnard

Lucien Denis Gabriel Albéric Magnard (French pronunciation: ​[lysjɛ̃ dəni ɡabʁijɛl albeʁik maɲaʁ]; 9 June 1865 – 3 September 1914) was a French composer, sometimes referred to as a "French Bruckner", though there are significant differences between the two composers. Magnard became a national hero in 1914 when he refused to surrender his property to German invaders and died defending it.

Albéric Magnard
Albéric Magnard
Born
Lucien Denis Gabriel Albéric Magnard

(1865-06-09)9 June 1865
Died3 September 1914(1914-09-03) (aged 49)
"Manoir de Fontaines" at Baron
NationalityFrench
Occupationcomposer
Notable workGuercoeur, opera (1897–1900), Op. 12
SpouseJulie Creton
Signature

Biography

Magnard was born in Paris, the son of Francis Magnard [fr; da; sv], a bestselling author and editor of Le Figaro. Albéric could have chosen to live the comfortable life that his family's wealth afforded him, but he disliked being called "fils du Figaro" and decided to make a career for himself in music, based entirely on his own talent and without any help from family connections.[1] After military service and graduating from law school, he entered the Paris Conservatoire, where he studied counterpoint with Théodore Dubois and went to the classes of Jules Massenet. There he met Vincent d'Indy, with whom he studied fugue and orchestration for four years, writing his first two Symphonies under d'Indy's tutelage. Magnard dedicated his Symphony No. 1 to d'Indy; and the two men always respected each other, despite their marked political differences (Magnard was pro-Dreyfus).

 
Magnard's house destroyed by the Germans, 1914.

Francis Magnard did what he could to support Albéric's career while trying to respect his son's wish to make it on his own. This included publicity in Le Figaro. With the death of his father in 1894, Albéric Magnard's grief was complicated by his simultaneous gratitude to and annoyance with his father.

In 1896, Magnard married Julie Creton, became a counterpoint tutor at the Schola Cantorum (recently founded by d'Indy) and wrote his Symphony No. 3 in B-flat minor.

Death

 
His grave at Passy Cemetery (Paris).

In 1914, at the beginning of World War I, Magnard sent his wife and two daughters to a safe hiding place while he stayed behind to guard the estate of "Manoir de Fontaines" at Baron, Oise. When German soldiers trespassed on the property, Magnard fired at them, killing one soldier, and they fired back before setting the house on fire. It is believed that Magnard died in the fire, although his body could not be identified in the ruins.[2] The fire destroyed all of Magnard's unpublished scores, including the orchestral score of his early opera Yolande, the orchestral score of Guercoeur (the piano reduction had been published, and the orchestral score of the second act was extant), and a more recent song cycle. Guy Ropartz, who had led a concert performance of the third act of Guercoeur at Nancy in February 1908, would subsequently reconstruct from memory the orchestration of the acts that had been lost in the fire, and the Paris Opéra gave the work a belated world premiere in 1931.

Music

Magnard's primary musical influences were contemporary French composers, particularly César Franck. Although he devoted much of his compositional efforts towards opera, nowadays he is probably best known for his four symphonies, certain passages of which demonstrate a more Germanic influence, foreshadowing the music of Gustav Mahler. His use of fugue and incorporation of chorale, together with the grandeur of expression in his mature orchestral works, have caused him to be called a "French Bruckner".[2] Although Bruckner used cyclical forms long before d'Indy "trademarked" the concept to César Franck's name, Magnard's handling of cyclical form is more Franckian than Brucknerian. In his operas, Magnard used Richard Wagner's leitmotiv technique.

Magnard's whole musical output numbers a total of just 22 opus numbers. Along with the symphonies and operas are a handful of chamber works including a single string quartet, a quintet for piano and winds, a piano trio, a violin sonata (in G, opus 13), and a cello sonata (in A, opus 20). A few more were published posthumously, including the Quatre poèmes en musique, four songs for baritone and piano.[3]

Selected works

  • Trois Pièces pour piano, Op. 1
  • Suite dans le style ancien, Op. 2, for orchestra
  • Six Poèmes, Op. 3, for voice and piano: 1. "À elle"; 2. "Invocation"; 3. "Le Rhin allemand"; 4. "Nocturne"; 5. "Ad fontem"; 6. "Au poète"
  • Symphony No. 1 in C minor, Op. 4 (1890)
  • Yolande, Op. 5, opera (1888–1891)
  • Symphony No. 2 in E, Op. 6 (1893)
  • Promenades, Op. 7, for piano (1894)
  • Quintet in D minor, Op. 8, for piano, flute, oboe, clarinet & bassoon
  • Chant funèbre, Op. 9 (1895)
  • Overture, Op. 10 (1895)
  • Symphony No. 3 in B-flat minor, Op. 11 (1896)
  • Guercoeur, Op. 12, opera (1897–1900)
  • Sonata in G, Op. 13, for violin and piano (1903)
  • Hymne à la justice, Op. 14 (1903)
  • Quatre Poèmes, for baritone and piano, Op. 15 (1903)
  • String Quartet in E minor, Op. 16 (1904)
  • Hymne a Venus, Op. 17 (1906)
  • Trio in F minor, Op. 18, for piano trio (1905)
  • Bérénice, Op. 19, opera (1905–1909)
  • Sonata in A major, Op. 20, for cello and piano (1912)
  • Symphony No. 4 in C-sharp minor, Op. 21 (1913)
  • Douze Poèmes, Op. 22
  • En Dieu mon espérance
  • À Henriette

Selected recordings

Albéric Magnard, La Musique de chambre, Timpani Records, 4 CDs (Oct. 2014)

  • CD 1: Violin Sonata in G major, Cello Sonata in A major
  • CD 2: Piano Trio in F minor, Piano Quintet in D minor (for piano and wind instruments)
  • CD 3: String Quartet in E minor
  • CD 4: (spoken word; discussion in French of works with music excerpts between Harry Halbreich and Stéphane Topakian)

The four symphonies have been recorded by:

A complete recording of Guercœur was released by EMI Angel/Pathé Marconi in 1990. It features Hildegard Behrens, Nadine Denize, José van Dam, and Gary Lakes, with the Orchestre du Capitole de Toulouse conducted by Michel Plasson.)

References

  1. ^ M.-D. Calvocoressi, "Albéric Magnard" The Musical Times October 1, 1921, p. 683. "To all appearances, Albéric Magnard was born with the traditional silver spoon in his mouth. The only son of the wealthy influential editor of a leading Paris daily paper, it seemed as though none of the difficulties with which earnest-minded composers generally have to contend were to exist for him. Indeed, his first works were welcomed with an eagerness whose real motives he was not long in suspecting."
  2. ^ a b Malcolm MacDonald, "Magnard, (Lucien Denis Gabriel) Albéric", The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell (London: Macmillan Publishers, 2001).
  3. ^ Andrew Thomson, CD review, The Musical Times September 1992, p. 458

External links

albéric, magnard, lucien, denis, gabriel, french, pronunciation, lysjɛ, dəni, ɡabʁijɛl, albeʁik, maɲaʁ, june, 1865, september, 1914, french, composer, sometimes, referred, french, bruckner, though, there, significant, differences, between, composers, magnard, . Lucien Denis Gabriel Alberic Magnard French pronunciation lysjɛ deni ɡabʁijɛl albeʁik maɲaʁ 9 June 1865 3 September 1914 was a French composer sometimes referred to as a French Bruckner though there are significant differences between the two composers Magnard became a national hero in 1914 when he refused to surrender his property to German invaders and died defending it Alberic MagnardAlberic MagnardBornLucien Denis Gabriel Alberic Magnard 1865 06 09 9 June 1865ParisDied3 September 1914 1914 09 03 aged 49 Manoir de Fontaines at BaronNationalityFrenchOccupationcomposerNotable workGuercoeur opera 1897 1900 Op 12SpouseJulie CretonSignature Contents 1 Biography 2 Death 3 Music 4 Selected works 5 Selected recordings 6 References 7 External linksBiography EditMagnard was born in Paris the son of Francis Magnard fr da sv a bestselling author and editor of Le Figaro Alberic could have chosen to live the comfortable life that his family s wealth afforded him but he disliked being called fils du Figaro and decided to make a career for himself in music based entirely on his own talent and without any help from family connections 1 After military service and graduating from law school he entered the Paris Conservatoire where he studied counterpoint with Theodore Dubois and went to the classes of Jules Massenet There he met Vincent d Indy with whom he studied fugue and orchestration for four years writing his first two Symphonies under d Indy s tutelage Magnard dedicated his Symphony No 1 to d Indy and the two men always respected each other despite their marked political differences Magnard was pro Dreyfus Magnard s house destroyed by the Germans 1914 Francis Magnard did what he could to support Alberic s career while trying to respect his son s wish to make it on his own This included publicity in Le Figaro With the death of his father in 1894 Alberic Magnard s grief was complicated by his simultaneous gratitude to and annoyance with his father In 1896 Magnard married Julie Creton became a counterpoint tutor at the Schola Cantorum recently founded by d Indy and wrote his Symphony No 3 in B flat minor Death Edit His grave at Passy Cemetery Paris In 1914 at the beginning of World War I Magnard sent his wife and two daughters to a safe hiding place while he stayed behind to guard the estate of Manoir de Fontaines at Baron Oise When German soldiers trespassed on the property Magnard fired at them killing one soldier and they fired back before setting the house on fire It is believed that Magnard died in the fire although his body could not be identified in the ruins 2 The fire destroyed all of Magnard s unpublished scores including the orchestral score of his early opera Yolande the orchestral score of Guercoeur the piano reduction had been published and the orchestral score of the second act was extant and a more recent song cycle Guy Ropartz who had led a concert performance of the third act of Guercoeur at Nancy in February 1908 would subsequently reconstruct from memory the orchestration of the acts that had been lost in the fire and the Paris Opera gave the work a belated world premiere in 1931 Music EditMagnard s primary musical influences were contemporary French composers particularly Cesar Franck Although he devoted much of his compositional efforts towards opera nowadays he is probably best known for his four symphonies certain passages of which demonstrate a more Germanic influence foreshadowing the music of Gustav Mahler His use of fugue and incorporation of chorale together with the grandeur of expression in his mature orchestral works have caused him to be called a French Bruckner 2 Although Bruckner used cyclical forms long before d Indy trademarked the concept to Cesar Franck s name Magnard s handling of cyclical form is more Franckian than Brucknerian In his operas Magnard used Richard Wagner s leitmotiv technique Magnard s whole musical output numbers a total of just 22 opus numbers Along with the symphonies and operas are a handful of chamber works including a single string quartet a quintet for piano and winds a piano trio a violin sonata in G opus 13 and a cello sonata in A opus 20 A few more were published posthumously including the Quatre poemes en musique four songs for baritone and piano 3 Selected works EditTrois Pieces pour piano Op 1 Suite dans le style ancien Op 2 for orchestra Six Poemes Op 3 for voice and piano 1 A elle 2 Invocation 3 Le Rhin allemand 4 Nocturne 5 Ad fontem 6 Au poete Symphony No 1 in C minor Op 4 1890 Yolande Op 5 opera 1888 1891 Symphony No 2 in E Op 6 1893 Promenades Op 7 for piano 1894 Quintet in D minor Op 8 for piano flute oboe clarinet amp bassoon Chant funebre Op 9 1895 Overture Op 10 1895 Symphony No 3 in B flat minor Op 11 1896 Guercoeur Op 12 opera 1897 1900 Sonata in G Op 13 for violin and piano 1903 Hymne a la justice Op 14 1903 Quatre Poemes for baritone and piano Op 15 1903 String Quartet in E minor Op 16 1904 Hymne a Venus Op 17 1906 Trio in F minor Op 18 for piano trio 1905 Berenice Op 19 opera 1905 1909 Sonata in A major Op 20 for cello and piano 1912 Symphony No 4 in C sharp minor Op 21 1913 Douze Poemes Op 22 En Dieu mon esperance A HenrietteSelected recordings EditAlberic Magnard La Musique de chambre Timpani Records 4 CDs Oct 2014 CD 1 Violin Sonata in G major Cello Sonata in A major CD 2 Piano Trio in F minor Piano Quintet in D minor for piano and wind instruments CD 3 String Quartet in E minor CD 4 spoken word discussion in French of works with music excerpts between Harry Halbreich and Stephane Topakian The four symphonies have been recorded by The Orchestre du Capitole de Toulouse conducted by Michel Plasson EMI Classics 1983 1987 1989 The BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra conducted by Jean Ives Ossonce Hyperion 1997 The Malmo Symphony Orchestra conducted by Thomas Sanderling BIS Records 2000 The Freiburg Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Fabrice Bollon Naxos Records 2019 2020 A complete recording of Guercœur was released by EMI Angel Pathe Marconi in 1990 It features Hildegard Behrens Nadine Denize Jose van Dam and Gary Lakes with the Orchestre du Capitole de Toulouse conducted by Michel Plasson References Edit M D Calvocoressi Alberic Magnard The Musical Times October 1 1921 p 683 To all appearances Alberic Magnard was born with the traditional silver spoon in his mouth The only son of the wealthy influential editor of a leading Paris daily paper it seemed as though none of the difficulties with which earnest minded composers generally have to contend were to exist for him Indeed his first works were welcomed with an eagerness whose real motives he was not long in suspecting a b Malcolm MacDonald Magnard Lucien Denis Gabriel Alberic The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians second edition edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell London Macmillan Publishers 2001 Andrew Thomson CD review The Musical Times September 1992 p 458External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alberic Magnard Free scores by Alberic Magnard at the International Music Score Library Project IMSLP Magnard String Quartet Op 16 Soundbites and discussion of work timpani records com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alberic Magnard amp oldid 1133950510, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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