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Albert V, Duke of Bavaria

December 01, 2023

Albert V (German: Albrecht V.) (29 February 1528 – 24 October 1579) was Duke of Bavaria from 1550 until his death. He was born in Munich to William IV and Maria Jacobäa of Baden.

Albert V
Portrait by Hans Mielich
Duke of Bavaria
Reign7 March 1550 – 24 October 1579
PredecessorWilliam IV
SuccessorWilliam V
Born29 February 1528
Munich
Died24 October 1579(1579-10-24) (aged 51)
Munich
Burial
Munich Frauenkirche
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1546)​
Issue
more...		William V, Duke of Bavaria
Ferdinand
Maria Anna, Archduchess of Austria
Maximiliana Maria of Bavaria
Ernest of Bavaria
HouseHouse of Wittelsbach
FatherWilliam IV, Duke of Bavaria
MotherMarie of Baden-Sponheim
ReligionRoman Catholicism

Early life edit

Albert was educated at Ingolstadt by Catholic teachers. On 4 July 1546 he married Anna of Austria, a daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (1503–1547), daughter of King Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary and his wife Anne de Foix. The union was designed to end the political rivalry between Austria and Bavaria. In 1550, Albert succeeded his father as duke of Bavaria.

Political activity edit

Albert was now free to devote himself to the task of establishing Catholic conformity in his dominions. A strict Catholic by upbringing, Albert was a leader of the German Counter-Reformation. Incapable by nature of passionate adherence to any religious principle, and given rather to a life of idleness and pleasure, he pursued the work of repression because he was convinced that the cause of Catholicism was inseparably connected with the fortunes of the house of Wittelsbach. He took little direct share in the affairs of government, nevertheless, and easily lent himself to the plans of his advisers, among whom during the early part of his reign were two sincere Catholics, Georg Stockhammer and Wiguleus Hundt. The latter took an important part in the events leading up to the Peace of Passau (1552) and the Peace of Augsburg (1555).

Duke Albert made strenuous efforts to procure for his son, Ernest of Bavaria, election as Archbishop-elector of Cologne. These efforts would not pay off until after Albert's death; however, a member of the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria would be Archbishop of Cologne for almost two centuries thereafter.

As successor of his uncle Ernest of Salzburg, Duke Albert was since 1560 administrator and owner of the mortgage of the county of Glatz, before he returned the redeemed county to Emperor Maximilian II in 1567.

Cultural activity edit

 
Duke Albert V of Bavaria and his consort Anna of Austria playing chess, portrait by Hans Mielich (1552)

In 1546, Albert and his father William IV ordered the construction of Dachau Palace (completed 1577), a Renaissance style four-winged palace with a court garden which eventually become the preferred dwelling of the rulers of Bavaria.

In 1552, Albert commissioned an inventory of the jewelry which he and his wife Anna owned. The resulting manuscript, still held by the Bavarian State Library, was the Jewel Book of the Duchess Anna of Bavaria ("Kleinodienbuch der Herzogin Anna von Bayern"), and contains 110 drawings by Hans Muelich.[1] Albert was a patron of the arts and a collector whose personal accumulations are the basis of the Wittelsbach antique collection of Greek and Roman antiquities, the coin collection, and the Wittelsbach treasury in the Munich Residenz founded by him to house the jewels of the Wittelsbach dynasty; some of his Egyptian antiquities remain in the collection of Egyptian art. His personal library founded in 1558 has come to the Bavarian State Library in Munich, inheritor of the Wittelsbach court library. In 1559 Albert founded the Paedagogium in Munich.

Albert bought whole collections in Rome and Venice; in Venice, after tiresome drawn-out negotiations with the aged Andrea Loredan, he purchased the Loredan collection virtually in its entirety: 120 bronzes, 2480 medals and coins, 91 marble heads, 43 marble statues, 33 reliefs and 14 various curiosities, for the sum of 7000 ducats; "they were all exported from Venice secretly at night in large chests".[2] At the same time, squabbles among the heirs of Gabriele Vendramin thwarted him in his attempt to purchase the single most important collection in Venice and paintings and antiquities, drawings by the masters and ancient coins.[3] To house his extensive collection of antiquities he commissioned the Antiquarium (created 1568–1571) in the Munich Residenz, the largest Renaissance hall north of the Alps.

Albert appointed Orlando di Lasso to a court post and patronized many other artists; this led to a huge burden of debts (½ Mio. Fl.).

Albert died in 1579 in Munich and was succeeded by his son William. He is buried in the Frauenkirche in Munich.

 
Duke Albert V of Bavaria

Family and children edit

With Archduchess Anna of Austria he had seven children:

  1. Charles, born and died in 1547
  2. William V, Duke of Bavaria (29 September 1548 – 17 February 1626)
  3. Ferdinand (20 January 1550 – 30 January 1608)
  4. Maria Anna (21 March 1551 – 29 April 1608)
  5. Maximiliana Maria (4 July 1552 – 11 July 1614)
  6. Friedrich (26 July 1553 – 18 April 1554)
  7. Ernest of Bavaria (17 December 1554 – 17 February 1612), Archbishop and prince-elector of Cologne 1583–1612

Albert is buried in the Frauenkirche in Munich.

Ancestry edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Hans Mielich (1552). "Jewel Book of the Duchess Anna of Bavaria - Kleinodienbuch der Herzogin Anna von Bayern". World Digital Library. Retrieved 21 June 2014.
  2. ^ Jaynie Anderson, "A Further Inventory of Gabriel Vendramin's Collection" The Burlington Magazine 121 No. 919 (October 1979:639–648) 640f.
  3. ^ Anderson 1979, eo. loc.

References edit

  •   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Goetz, Walter (1908). "Albert V. of Bavaria and the Counter-Reformation of Bavaria". In Jackson, Samuel Macauley (ed.). New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge. Vol. 1 (third ed.). London and New York: Funk and Wagnalls. pp. 104–105. Retrieved 6 September 2021.

External links edit

Hofkleiderbuch (Abbildung und Beschreibung der Hof-Livreen) des Herzogs Wilhelm IV. und Albrecht V. 1508–1551. (Court and Coat of Arms Book of Bavarian Dukes: William IV and Albert V) at the Bavarian State Library

December 01, 2023
albert, duke, bavaria, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, nove. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Albert V Duke of Bavaria news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message Albert V German Albrecht V 29 February 1528 24 October 1579 was Duke of Bavaria from 1550 until his death He was born in Munich to William IV and Maria Jacobaa of Baden Albert VPortrait by Hans MielichDuke of BavariaReign7 March 1550 24 October 1579PredecessorWilliam IVSuccessorWilliam VBorn29 February 1528MunichDied24 October 1579 1579 10 24 aged 51 MunichBurialMunich FrauenkircheSpouseArchduchess Anna of Austria m 1546 wbr Issuemore William V Duke of BavariaFerdinandMaria Anna Archduchess of AustriaMaximiliana Maria of BavariaErnest of BavariaHouseHouse of WittelsbachFatherWilliam IV Duke of BavariaMotherMarie of Baden SponheimReligionRoman Catholicism Contents 1 Early life 2 Political activity 3 Cultural activity 4 Family and children 5 Ancestry 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksEarly life editAlbert was educated at Ingolstadt by Catholic teachers On 4 July 1546 he married Anna of Austria a daughter of Ferdinand I Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary 1503 1547 daughter of King Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary and his wife Anne de Foix The union was designed to end the political rivalry between Austria and Bavaria In 1550 Albert succeeded his father as duke of Bavaria Political activity editAlbert was now free to devote himself to the task of establishing Catholic conformity in his dominions A strict Catholic by upbringing Albert was a leader of the German Counter Reformation Incapable by nature of passionate adherence to any religious principle and given rather to a life of idleness and pleasure he pursued the work of repression because he was convinced that the cause of Catholicism was inseparably connected with the fortunes of the house of Wittelsbach He took little direct share in the affairs of government nevertheless and easily lent himself to the plans of his advisers among whom during the early part of his reign were two sincere Catholics Georg Stockhammer and Wiguleus Hundt The latter took an important part in the events leading up to the Peace of Passau 1552 and the Peace of Augsburg 1555 Duke Albert made strenuous efforts to procure for his son Ernest of Bavaria election as Archbishop elector of Cologne These efforts would not pay off until after Albert s death however a member of the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria would be Archbishop of Cologne for almost two centuries thereafter As successor of his uncle Ernest of Salzburg Duke Albert was since 1560 administrator and owner of the mortgage of the county of Glatz before he returned the redeemed county to Emperor Maximilian II in 1567 Cultural activity edit nbsp Duke Albert V of Bavaria and his consort Anna of Austria playing chess portrait by Hans Mielich 1552 In 1546 Albert and his father William IV ordered the construction of Dachau Palace completed 1577 a Renaissance style four winged palace with a court garden which eventually become the preferred dwelling of the rulers of Bavaria In 1552 Albert commissioned an inventory of the jewelry which he and his wife Anna owned The resulting manuscript still held by the Bavarian State Library was the Jewel Book of the Duchess Anna of Bavaria Kleinodienbuch der Herzogin Anna von Bayern and contains 110 drawings by Hans Muelich 1 Albert was a patron of the arts and a collector whose personal accumulations are the basis of the Wittelsbach antique collection of Greek and Roman antiquities the coin collection and the Wittelsbach treasury in the Munich Residenz founded by him to house the jewels of the Wittelsbach dynasty some of his Egyptian antiquities remain in the collection of Egyptian art His personal library founded in 1558 has come to the Bavarian State Library in Munich inheritor of the Wittelsbach court library In 1559 Albert founded the Paedagogium in Munich Albert bought whole collections in Rome and Venice in Venice after tiresome drawn out negotiations with the aged Andrea Loredan he purchased the Loredan collection virtually in its entirety 120 bronzes 2480 medals and coins 91 marble heads 43 marble statues 33 reliefs and 14 various curiosities for the sum of 7000 ducats they were all exported from Venice secretly at night in large chests 2 At the same time squabbles among the heirs of Gabriele Vendramin thwarted him in his attempt to purchase the single most important collection in Venice and paintings and antiquities drawings by the masters and ancient coins 3 To house his extensive collection of antiquities he commissioned the Antiquarium created 1568 1571 in the Munich Residenz the largest Renaissance hall north of the Alps Albert appointed Orlando di Lasso to a court post and patronized many other artists this led to a huge burden of debts Mio Fl Albert died in 1579 in Munich and was succeeded by his son William He is buried in the Frauenkirche in Munich nbsp Duke Albert V of BavariaFamily and children editWith Archduchess Anna of Austria he had seven children Charles born and died in 1547 William V Duke of Bavaria 29 September 1548 17 February 1626 Ferdinand 20 January 1550 30 January 1608 Maria Anna 21 March 1551 29 April 1608 Maximiliana Maria 4 July 1552 11 July 1614 Friedrich 26 July 1553 18 April 1554 Ernest of Bavaria 17 December 1554 17 February 1612 Archbishop and prince elector of Cologne 1583 1612Albert is buried in the Frauenkirche in Munich Ancestry editAncestors of Albert V Duke of Bavaria8 Albert III Duke of Bavaria Munich4 Albert IV Duke of Bavaria9 Anna of Brunswick Grubenhagen Einbeck2 William IV Duke of Bavaria10 Frederick III Holy Roman Emperor5 Kunigunde of Austria11 Eleanor of Portugal1 Albert V Duke of Bavaria12 Christoph I of Baden6 Philip I of Baden13 Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen3 Marie of Baden Sponheim14 Philip Elector Palatine7 Elisabeth of the Palatinate15 Margaret of BavariaNotes edit Hans Mielich 1552 Jewel Book of the Duchess Anna of Bavaria Kleinodienbuch der Herzogin Anna von Bayern World Digital Library Retrieved 21 June 2014 Jaynie Anderson A Further Inventory of Gabriel Vendramin s Collection The Burlington Magazine 121 No 919 October 1979 639 648 640f Anderson 1979 eo loc References edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Goetz Walter 1908 Albert V of Bavaria and the Counter Reformation of Bavaria In Jackson Samuel Macauley ed New Schaff Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge Vol 1 third ed London and New York Funk and Wagnalls pp 104 105 Retrieved 6 September 2021 External links editHofkleiderbuch Abbildung und Beschreibung der Hof Livreen des Herzogs Wilhelm IV und Albrecht V 1508 1551 Court and Coat of Arms Book of Bavarian Dukes William IV and Albert V at the Bavarian State Library Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Albert V Duke of Bavaria amp oldid 1185299042, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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