The Honour of Richmond had been founded by Alan's uncle, Count Alan Rufus, who had died heirless, so it passed to a younger brother, Count Alan the Black, and then to a yet younger brother, namely Count Stephen. After Count Stephen's death in 1135/6, his Breton lands were inherited by his eldest son, Geoffrey Boterel II, whereas his English lands, the Honour of Richmond, went to Alan. During the Anarchy, Geoffrey supported the dispossessed Empress Matilda and her husband Geoffrey of Anjou, while Alan allied with King Stephen. Alan married Bertha of Brittany, daughter of Conan III, Duke of Brittany,[3] in a politically arranged marriage, perhaps in a move to draw Brittany onto Stephen's side in the conflict against Empress Matilda. In part to promote the alliance with Conan III of Brittany. Stephen created Alan 1st Earl of Richmond. Additionally, Stephen recognized Alan as Earl of Cornwall, in recognition of another of Alan's uncles, Brian, who, Alan claimed, had formerly possessed Cornwall. After the Battle of Lincoln (1141), Alan was captured by Ranulf de Gernon, 4th Earl of Chester and tortured until he relinquished his claim to the Earldom of Cornwall.
The battle of Lincoln, 1141; Alan is shown to the left of King Stephen; A – Welsh forces; B – Robert of Gloucester; C – Alan; D – Stephen; E – William; F – Fosse Dyke; G – Lincoln Castle; H – Lincoln Cathedral; I – City of Lincoln; J – River Witham
Alan died in Brittany by 1146 and was buried at Bégard Monastery. After his death, Bertha returned to Brittany.[b]
His son Conan IV inherited his title as Earl of Richmond and would later inherit the title Duke of Brittany.
Notesedit
^Cokayne states that Alan was born before his younger brother Henry, who was born in 1100.
^In Brittany after Alan's death, Bertha's father Conan III renounced Hoël as his son and heir and designated Bertha as his heiress. When he died, Bertha inherited the Duchy of Brittany. As the dowager Countess of Richmond, Bertha continued to represent the alliance between Brittany and Stephen's England.
alan, earl, richmond, before, 1100, september, 1146, breton, alan, penteur, also, known, alan, black, breton, noble, fought, stephen, king, england, alan, third, stephen, count, tréguier, hawise, guingamp, richmond, castle, earldom, richmond, contents, life, f. Alan 1st Earl of Richmond before 1100 15 September 1146 1 a Breton Alan Penteur also known as Alan the Black was a Breton noble who fought for Stephen King of England 2 Alan was the third son of Stephen Count of Treguier and Hawise de Guingamp 3 Richmond Castle Earldom of Richmond Contents 1 Life 2 Family 3 Succession 4 Notes 5 References 6 BibliographyLife editThe Honour of Richmond had been founded by Alan s uncle Count Alan Rufus who had died heirless so it passed to a younger brother Count Alan the Black and then to a yet younger brother namely Count Stephen After Count Stephen s death in 1135 6 his Breton lands were inherited by his eldest son Geoffrey Boterel II whereas his English lands the Honour of Richmond went to Alan During the Anarchy Geoffrey supported the dispossessed Empress Matilda and her husband Geoffrey of Anjou while Alan allied with King Stephen Alan married Bertha of Brittany daughter of Conan III Duke of Brittany 3 in a politically arranged marriage perhaps in a move to draw Brittany onto Stephen s side in the conflict against Empress Matilda In part to promote the alliance with Conan III of Brittany Stephen created Alan 1st Earl of Richmond Additionally Stephen recognized Alan as Earl of Cornwall in recognition of another of Alan s uncles Brian who Alan claimed had formerly possessed Cornwall After the Battle of Lincoln 1141 Alan was captured by Ranulf de Gernon 4th Earl of Chester and tortured until he relinquished his claim to the Earldom of Cornwall nbsp The battle of Lincoln 1141 Alan is shown to the left of King Stephen A Welsh forces B Robert of Gloucester C Alan D Stephen E William F Fosse Dyke G Lincoln Castle H Lincoln Cathedral I City of Lincoln J River WithamFamily editWith Bertha Duchess of Brittany he had three children Conan IV Duke of Brittany their son and heir 3 Constance who married Alan III Vicomte of Rohan 3 Enoguen abbess of St Sulpice In addition Alan had four illegitimate sons 4 Bryan FitzAlan progenitor of the Lords of Bedale in Richmondshire Stephen FitzAlan Reynold FitzAlan Robert FitzAlan Succession editAlan died in Brittany by 1146 and was buried at Begard Monastery After his death Bertha returned to Brittany b His son Conan IV inherited his title as Earl of Richmond and would later inherit the title Duke of Brittany Notes edit Cokayne states that Alan was born before his younger brother Henry who was born in 1100 In Brittany after Alan s death Bertha s father Conan III renounced Hoel as his son and heir and designated Bertha as his heiress When he died Bertha inherited the Duchy of Brittany As the dowager Countess of Richmond Bertha continued to represent the alliance between Brittany and Stephen s England References edit Cokayne 1945 p 791n Cokayne 1945 p 788 a b c d Morvan 2009 p table 3 Cokayne 1945 p 790n Bibliography editBarlow Frank 1955 The Feudal Kingdom of England 1042 1216 London Longmans Green tree opposite p 288 Cokayne G E 1945 White Geoffrey H ed The Complete Peerage Vol x London H A Doubleday amp Lord Howard de Walden Galliou Patrick amp Jones Michael 1991 The Bretons Oxford Blackwell ISBN 0 631 16406 5 p 191 Morvan Frederic 2009 La Chevalerie bretonne et la formation de l armee ducale 1260 1341 in French Presses Universitaires de Rennes Peerage of England Preceded byStephen of Treguier Earl of Richmond1136 1146 Succeeded byConan IV of Brittany Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alan 1st Earl of Richmond amp oldid 1100823507, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
