Acholeplasmataceae is a family of bacteria. It is the only family in the orderAcholeplasmatales, placed in the class Mollicutes. The family comprises the genera Acholeplasma and Phytoplasma. Phytoplasma has the candidatus status, because members still could not be cultured.
Acholeplasmataceae
Acholeplasma laidwalii cells and extracellular vesicles
Etymology: The names Acholeplasmataceae and Acholetoplasmatales are derived from the Greek a = not, cholè = bile and plasma = anything moulded or formed.[1] Species in the order Acholeplasmatales can grow in a medium without cholesterol, unlike species in the order Mycoplasmatales. Cholesterol, a sterol, is an important component of the cell membrane of mycoplasmas, whereas in acholeplasmas and in bacteria in general it is absent.
In the first taxonomy of Mollicutes, the classification was based on requiring or not requiring cholesterol for growth. The old order Mycoplasmatales consisted of two families: Mycoplasmataceae, which requires cholesterol, and the sterol-nonrequiring Acholeplasmataceae. [1][5] In view of the many properties in which the acholeplasmas distinguish from species in Mycoplasmataceae and Spiroplasmataceae, Freundt et al. proposed in 1984 to elevate the family Acholeplasmataceae to the ordinal rank Acholeplasmatales, thus separating it from Mycoplasmatales. [6]
In 1987, the division in sterol requiring and not requiring changed with the addition of a third order, Anaeroplasmatales, taking into account that dependence on anaerobic growth conditions is an important characteristic. [7]
^ abD.G. Edward, E.A. Freundt Amended nomenclature for strains related to Mycoplasma laidlawii.; J Gen Microbiol. 1970 Jul; 62; PDF
^Stephens; et al. (1983). "Intraspecies Genetic Relatedness among Strains of Acholeplasma laidlawii and of Acholeplasma axanthum by Nucleic Acid Hybridization" (PDF). Journal of General Microbiology. 129 (6): 1929–1934. doi:10.1099/00221287-129-6-1929. PMID 6631407.
^Weintraub, Phyllis G.; Beanland, Leann (2006). "Insect Vectors of Phytoplasmas". Annual Review of Entomology. 51: 91–111. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.51.110104.151039. PMID 16332205.
^IRPCM Phytoplasma/Spiroplasma Working Team ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’, a taxon for the wall-less, non-helical prokaryotes that colonize plant phloem and insects 2009-05-03 at the Wayback Machine; Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54, 1243–1255 (2004).
^Edward, D. G.; Freundt, E. A. (1969). "Proposal for Classifying Organisms Related to Mycoplasma laidlawii in a Family Sapromycetaceae, Genus Sapromyces, within the Mycoplasmatales". Microbiology. 57 (3): 391–395. doi:10.1099/00221287-57-3-391. PMID 5391433.
^Freundt EA, Whitcomb RF, Barile MF, Razin S, Tully JG (1984). "Proposal for elevation of the family Acholeplasmataceae to ordinal rank: Acholeplasmatales" (PDF). Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 34 (346–349): 346–349. doi:10.1099/00207713-34-3-346. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
^Robinson IM, Freundt EA (1987). "Proposal for an Amended Classification of Anaerobic Mollicutes". Int J Syst Bacteriol. 37: 78–81. doi:10.1099/00207713-37-1-78.
acholeplasmataceae, family, bacteria, only, family, order, acholeplasmatales, placed, class, mollicutes, family, comprises, genera, acholeplasma, phytoplasma, phytoplasma, candidatus, status, because, members, still, could, cultured, acholeplasma, laidwalii, c. Acholeplasmataceae is a family of bacteria It is the only family in the order Acholeplasmatales placed in the class Mollicutes The family comprises the genera Acholeplasma and Phytoplasma Phytoplasma has the candidatus status because members still could not be cultured Acholeplasmataceae Acholeplasma laidwalii cells and extracellular vesicles Scientific classification Domain Bacteria Phylum Mycoplasmatota Class Mollicutes Order Acholeplasmatales Family AcholeplasmataceaeEdward amp Freundt 1970 Genera Acholeplasma Alteracholeplasma Haploplasma Mariniplasma Paracholeplasma Ca Phytoplasma Pluraplasma Synonyms Sapromycetaceae Sabin 1941 Saprophytaceae Sabin 1941 Etymology The names Acholeplasmataceae and Acholetoplasmatales are derived from the Greek a not chole bile and plasma anything moulded or formed 1 Species in the order Acholeplasmatales can grow in a medium without cholesterol unlike species in the order Mycoplasmatales Cholesterol a sterol is an important component of the cell membrane of mycoplasmas whereas in acholeplasmas and in bacteria in general it is absent Contents 1 Characteristics 2 Classification 3 See also 4 ReferencesCharacteristics editMembers of Acholeplasmatales are facultative anaerobic They are parasites or commensals of vertebrates insects or plants some are saprophytes 2 Phytoplasmas colonize the phloem sieve elements of vascular plants causing diseases They are transmitted by sap sucking insects primarily leafhoppers planthoppers and psyllids 3 living in the gut haemolymph salivary gland and other organs Like other mollicutes they show a high host specificity 4 Classification editIn the first taxonomy of Mollicutes the classification was based on requiring or not requiring cholesterol for growth The old order Mycoplasmatales consisted of two families Mycoplasmataceae which requires cholesterol and the sterol nonrequiring Acholeplasmataceae 1 5 In view of the many properties in which the acholeplasmas distinguish from species in Mycoplasmataceae and Spiroplasmataceae Freundt et al proposed in 1984 to elevate the family Acholeplasmataceae to the ordinal rank Acholeplasmatales thus separating it from Mycoplasmatales 6 In 1987 the division in sterol requiring and not requiring changed with the addition of a third order Anaeroplasmatales taking into account that dependence on anaerobic growth conditions is an important characteristic 7 The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature LPSN 8 and National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI 9 16S rRNA based LTP 08 2023 10 11 12 120 marker proteins based GTDB 08 RS214 13 14 15 Acholeplasmatales Mycoplasma feliminutum Heyward Sabry amp Dowdle 1969 Haploplasma Mariniplasma Alteracholeplasma Paracholeplasma Anaeroplasma Acholeplasma Acholeplasmataceae Acholeplasmatales Anaeroplasmataceae Ca Pelethenecus Gilroy et al 2021 Anaeroplasma Robinson Allison amp Hartman 1975 Ca Avacholeplasma Gilroy et al 2021 UBA5453 Paracholeplasma Watanabe et al 2021 Acholeplasmataceae Mariniplasma corrig Watanabe et al 2021 Haploplasma Watanabe et al 2021 Acholeplasma Edward amp Freundt 1970 Alteracholeplasma Watanabe et al 2021 Ca Phytoplasma Firrao et al 2004See also editList of bacteria genera List of bacterial ordersReferences edit a b D G Edward E A Freundt Amended nomenclature for strains related to Mycoplasma laidlawii J Gen Microbiol 1970 Jul 62 PDF Stephens et al 1983 Intraspecies Genetic Relatedness among Strains of Acholeplasma laidlawii and of Acholeplasma axanthum by Nucleic Acid Hybridization PDF Journal of General Microbiology 129 6 1929 1934 doi 10 1099 00221287 129 6 1929 PMID 6631407 Weintraub Phyllis G Beanland Leann 2006 Insect Vectors of Phytoplasmas Annual Review of Entomology 51 91 111 doi 10 1146 annurev ento 51 110104 151039 PMID 16332205 IRPCM Phytoplasma Spiroplasma Working Team Candidatus Phytoplasma a taxon for the wall less non helical prokaryotes that colonize plant phloem and insects Archived 2009 05 03 at the Wayback Machine Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54 1243 1255 2004 Edward D G Freundt E A 1969 Proposal for Classifying Organisms Related to Mycoplasma laidlawii in a Family Sapromycetaceae Genus Sapromyces within the Mycoplasmatales Microbiology 57 3 391 395 doi 10 1099 00221287 57 3 391 PMID 5391433 Freundt EA Whitcomb RF Barile MF Razin S Tully JG 1984 Proposal for elevation of the family Acholeplasmataceae to ordinal rank Acholeplasmatales PDF Int J Syst Bacteriol 34 346 349 346 349 doi 10 1099 00207713 34 3 346 Retrieved 14 October 2018 Robinson IM Freundt EA 1987 Proposal for an Amended Classification of Anaerobic Mollicutes Int J Syst Bacteriol 37 78 81 doi 10 1099 00207713 37 1 78 J P Euzeby Acholeplasmatales List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature LPSN Retrieved 2022 09 02 Sayers et al Acholeplasmatales National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI taxonomy database Retrieved 2022 03 20 The LTP Retrieved 20 November 2023 LTP all tree in newick format Retrieved 20 November 2023 LTP 08 2023 Release Notes PDF Retrieved 20 November 2023 GTDB release 08 RS214 Genome Taxonomy Database Retrieved 10 May 2023 bac120 r214 sp label Genome Taxonomy Database Retrieved 10 May 2023 Taxon History Genome Taxonomy Database Retrieved 10 May 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Acholeplasmataceae amp oldid 1189476246, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
