Abū'l-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Qurashī al-Qalaṣādī (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي بن محمد بن علي القرشي البسطي; 1412–1486[1]) was a MuslimArab[2]mathematician from Al-Andalus specializing in Islamic inheritance jurisprudence. Franz Woepcke stated that al-Qalaṣādī was known as one of the most influential voices in algebraic notation for taking "the first steps toward the introduction of algebraic symbolism''. He wrote numerous books on arithmetic and algebra, including al-Tabsira fi'lm al-hisab (Arabic: التبصير في علم الحساب "Clarification of the science of arithmetic").[1]
Abū'l-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Qurashī al-Qalaṣādī
Al-Qalaṣādī was born in Baza, an outpost of the Emirate of Granada. He received education in Granada, but continued to support his family in Baza. He published many works and eventually retired to his native Baza.
Map of the coasts of the kingdom of Granada by Piri Reis (16th century).
His works dealt with Algebra and contained the precise mathematical answers to problems in everyday life, such as the composition of medicaments, the calculation of the drop of irrigation canals and the explanation of frauds linked to instruments of measurement. The second part belongs to the already ancient tradition of judicial and cultural mathematics and joins a collection of arithmetical problems presented in the form of poetical riddles.
In 1480 the Christian forces of Ferdinand and Isabella, "The Catholic Monarchs", raided and often pillaged the city. Al-Qalasādī served in the mountain citadels which were erected in the vicinity of Baza. Al-Qalasādī eventually left his homeland and took refuge with his family in Béja, Tunisia, where he died in 1486. Baza was eventually besieged by the forces of Ferdinand and Isabella and then sacked.
Symbolic algebraedit
Like his predecessors, al-Qalaṣādī used an algebraic notation. While the 19th century writer Franz Woepcke believed that this algebraic symbolism was created by al-Qalaṣādī, these symbols had actually been used by other mathematicians in North Africa 100 years earlier.[1] Al-Qalaṣādī represented mathematical symbols using characters from the Arabic alphabet, where:[1]
^Karpinski, Louis Charles (1965). The history of arithmetic. Russell & Russell. ISBN9780846206316.
Referencesedit
Rebstock, Ulrich (1990). "Arabic Mathematical Manuscripts in Mauretania". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. 52 (3): 429–441. doi:10.1017/s0041977x0015133x. JSTOR 618117.
hasan, qalasadi, abū, Ḥasan, ʿalī, muḥammad, ʿalī, qurashī, qalaṣādī, arabic, أبو, الحسن, علي, بن, محمد, بن, علي, القرشي, البسطي, 1412, 1486, muslim, arab, mathematician, from, andalus, specializing, islamic, inheritance, jurisprudence, franz, woepcke, stated,. Abu l Ḥasan ibn ʿAli ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAli al Qurashi al Qalaṣadi Arabic أبو الحسن علي بن محمد بن علي القرشي البسطي 1412 1486 1 was a Muslim Arab 2 mathematician from Al Andalus specializing in Islamic inheritance jurisprudence Franz Woepcke stated that al Qalaṣadi was known as one of the most influential voices in algebraic notation for taking the first steps toward the introduction of algebraic symbolism He wrote numerous books on arithmetic and algebra including al Tabsira fi lm al hisab Arabic التبصير في علم الحساب Clarification of the science of arithmetic 1 Abu l Ḥasan ibn ʿAli ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAli al Qurashi al Qalaṣadiأبو الحسن علي بن محمد بن علي القرشي البسطيBorn1412Baza SpainDied1486Beja TunisiaOccupationMathematician Contents 1 Early life 2 Symbolic algebra 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksEarly life editAl Qalaṣadi was born in Baza an outpost of the Emirate of Granada He received education in Granada but continued to support his family in Baza He published many works and eventually retired to his native Baza nbsp Map of the coasts of the kingdom of Granada by Piri Reis 16th century His works dealt with Algebra and contained the precise mathematical answers to problems in everyday life such as the composition of medicaments the calculation of the drop of irrigation canals and the explanation of frauds linked to instruments of measurement The second part belongs to the already ancient tradition of judicial and cultural mathematics and joins a collection of arithmetical problems presented in the form of poetical riddles In 1480 the Christian forces of Ferdinand and Isabella The Catholic Monarchs raided and often pillaged the city Al Qalasadi served in the mountain citadels which were erected in the vicinity of Baza Al Qalasadi eventually left his homeland and took refuge with his family in Beja Tunisia where he died in 1486 Baza was eventually besieged by the forces of Ferdinand and Isabella and then sacked Symbolic algebra editLike his predecessors al Qalaṣadi used an algebraic notation While the 19th century writer Franz Woepcke believed that this algebraic symbolism was created by al Qalaṣadi these symbols had actually been used by other mathematicians in North Africa 100 years earlier 1 Al Qalaṣadi represented mathematical symbols using characters from the Arabic alphabet where 1 ﻭ wa means and for addition إلا illa literally except means less for subtraction في fi literally in means times for multiplication على ala means over for division ﺝ j represents jadah meaning root ﺵ sh represents shay meaning thing for a variable x ﻡ m represents morabba a for a square x2 ﻙ k represents moka aab for a cube x3 ﻝ l represents ya adilu for equality As an example the equation 2 x 3 3 x 2 4 x 5 0 displaystyle 2x 3 3x 2 4x 5 0 nbsp would have been written using his notation as ٢ في شك ﻭ ٣ في شﻡ إﻻ ٤ في ﺵ ﻭ ٥ ﻝ ٠ citation needed See also editIslamic mathematics List of Muslim scientistsNotes edit a b c d O Connor John J Robertson Edmund F Abu l Hasan ibn Ali al Qalasadi MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive University of St Andrews Karpinski Louis Charles 1965 The history of arithmetic Russell amp Russell ISBN 9780846206316 References editRebstock Ulrich 1990 Arabic Mathematical Manuscripts in Mauretania Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 52 3 429 441 doi 10 1017 s0041977x0015133x JSTOR 618117 Boyer Carl B 1991 A History of Mathematics Second ed John Wiley amp Sons Inc ISBN 978 0 471 54397 8 External links editSaidan A S 2008 1970 80 Al Qalaṣadi or Al Qalaṣadi Abu L Ḥasan Ali Ibn Muḥammad Ibn Ali Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography Encyclopedia com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Abu 27l Hasan ibn Ali al Qalasadi amp oldid 1171605519, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
