Abu Said Uthman I (Arabic: أبو سعيد عثمان الأول), or "Othmane Ibn Yaghmoracen", or in Algerian arabic ( أبو سعيد عثمان الأول, Abu Sa'id Othman āl-awel), ruled the ZenataBerberKingdom of Tlemcen in Medieval Algeria from 1283 to 1303.
Abu Said Uthman I succeeded his father Abu Yahya Yaghmurasen ibn Zayyan (1236–1282) as ruler of the Zayyanid dynasty. He was the pearl of perfection, lord of (diverse) fractions of the Abd el-Wad family. He was the bravest and one of the most fearsome warriors of his tribe [2] He annexed to his empire the countries of his enemies and defended the lands of his subjects. His empire was luxurious and the cities were said to have been well administrated. Through marriages with the Hafsids, he was able to establish good relations with his eastern neighbors. This allowed Uthman I to withstand the ongoing attacks of the Marinids of Fez. The fighting led to devastating results in his Empire. The siege of Tlemcen by the Marinids was maintained from 1299 to 1307 during which the Marinids built the siege city of al-Mansura, which was at times even residence of the Marinid rulers. Despite the superiority of the Marinids, the Zayyanids were able to assert themselves, showing the support the dynasty had by the population of the empire.
Uthman I did not live to see the end of the siege. Only under his successor Abu Zayyan I Muhammad (1303-1308) did the Marinids withdraw back to Al-Maghrib (al-Aqsa) after the death of their Sultan and as dynastic infighting broke out there.
Expeditionsedit
Uthman I was a warrior, he took part in many sieges and battles consolidating his power within his empire and against his rivals (mainly the Marinids).
In 1287 he took the city of Mâzoûna (located on the right bank of the Chelif River from the Maghrawa and laid siege to the city of Taferdjint (no longer an existing city, possibly on the left bank of the Chelif River in the country of the Toudjin).
In 1290–91, the King of Tlemcen launched another expedition against the Toudjin. He victoriously marched through their country as he took control of the Wâncharis mountain, their refuge. Uthman I took the women and son of Mohammed Ibn‘Abd el-Qawi as prisoners but then sends them back to their domiciles.
During May 1289, Abou Sa'id took the city of Ténès from the Maghrawas and from the Toudjin the city of Médéa.[3]
The Marinid Sultan Abou Ya‘qoûb ben‘Abd el H’aqq marched against Tlemcen and camps not too far from the city Tuesday on 25 July 1290. On 27 September he returns to his capital after fierce combat and memorable attacks.
During the 18th of the following month (August) of the same year, Abou Sa'id attacked the Maghrawas that had established relations with the Marinid ruler during the siege, he conquered their country and forced them to obeisance, leaving his son Abu Hammu I in command of the city of Chelif. Uthman I then returns to Tlemcen.
On 28 April 1291, the Sultan marches against the Toudjin yet again, he kills their king and devastates their country. Then goes back to his capital.
In 1293–94 Abou Sa'id takes the city of Brechk located 19 miles west from Cherchell and 8 miles East of Ténès from Tsabit ben Mandil of the Maghrawa after 40 days of siege. Tasbit manages to flee to Al-Maghreb (al-Aqsa)by sea.
During 1295–96, the Marinid Sultan marches against Tlemcen for the second time. He camps under the walls of Nedroma, then heads to mount Djidara (near Oran) then finally goes back to his kingdom.
In the same year the Sultan of Tlemcen launches an expedition against the Arabs and camps at Ma Taghalin and mount Ha'nach ( possibly near Constantine) not far from the Sahara and kicks the Arabs from the region.[4]
Legacyedit
Abu Said Uthman I was considered to be a great ruler, he managed to conserve the integrity of his empire repelling four attacks by the Marinid Abou Ya‘qoûb ben‘Abd el H’aqq (died during the 5th) [5] and punished the rebels who revolted against him.
^Abou Zakarya Yah'ya Ibn Khaldoun Trad. Alfred Bel, Histoire des beni 'Abd El-Wad rois de Tlemcen jusqu'au règne d'Abou Hammou Moussa II, Alger, Imprimerie orientale Pierre Fonatana, 1904 p157
^Abou Zakarya Yah'ya Ibn Khaldoun Trad. Alfred Bel, Histoire des beni 'Abd El-Wad rois de Tlemcen jusqu'au règne d'Abou Hammou Moussa II, Alger, Imprimerie orientale Pierre Fonatana, 1904 p. 158
^Ibn Khaldoun (trad. William Mac Guckin de Slane), Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique septentrionale, vol. I, Alger, Imprimerie du Gouvernement, 1852, p132,p371
^Abou Zakarya Yah'ya Ibn Khaldoun Trad. Alfred Bel, Histoire des beni 'Abd El-Wad rois de Tlemcen jusqu'au règne d'Abou Hammou Moussa II, Alger, Imprimerie orientale Pierre Fonatana, 1904 pp. 160–164
^Ibn Khaldun, The Mediterranean in the 14th Century: Rise and Fall of Empires pp. 83, 84
Stephan Ronart, Nandy Ronart: Dictionary of the Arab World.A historical-political reference work. Artemis Verlag, Zurich et al. 1972, ISBN3-7608-0138-2 .
said, uthman, arabic, أبو, سعيد, عثمان, الأول, othmane, yaghmoracen, algerian, arabic, أبو, سعيد, عثمان, الأول, othman, awel, ruled, zenata, berber, kingdom, tlemcen, medieval, algeria, from, 1283, 1303, sultan, kingdom, tlemcenreign1283, 1303predecessoryaghmu. Abu Said Uthman I Arabic أبو سعيد عثمان الأول or Othmane Ibn Yaghmoracen or in Algerian arabic أبو سعيد عثمان الأول Abu Sa id Othman al awel ruled the Zenata Berber Kingdom of Tlemcen in Medieval Algeria from 1283 to 1303 Abu Said Uthman ISultan of the Kingdom of TlemcenReign1283 1303PredecessorYaghmurasen Ibn ZyanSuccessorAbu Zayyan IBornunknown dateDied5 June 1304TlemcenDynastyZayyanidFatherYaghmurasen Ibn ZyanReligionIslamOccupationWarrior Monarch Contents 1 Biography 2 Expeditions 3 Legacy 4 See also 5 ReferencesBiography editAbu Said Uthman I succeeded his father Abu Yahya Yaghmurasen ibn Zayyan 1236 1282 as ruler of the Zayyanid dynasty He was the pearl of perfection lord of diverse fractions of the Abd el Wad family He was the bravest and one of the most fearsome warriors of his tribe 2 He annexed to his empire the countries of his enemies and defended the lands of his subjects His empire was luxurious and the cities were said to have been well administrated Through marriages with the Hafsids he was able to establish good relations with his eastern neighbors This allowed Uthman I to withstand the ongoing attacks of the Marinids of Fez The fighting led to devastating results in his Empire The siege of Tlemcen by the Marinids was maintained from 1299 to 1307 during which the Marinids built the siege city of al Mansura which was at times even residence of the Marinid rulers Despite the superiority of the Marinids the Zayyanids were able to assert themselves showing the support the dynasty had by the population of the empire Uthman I did not live to see the end of the siege Only under his successor Abu Zayyan I Muhammad 1303 1308 did the Marinids withdraw back to Al Maghrib al Aqsa after the death of their Sultan and as dynastic infighting broke out there Expeditions editUthman I was a warrior he took part in many sieges and battles consolidating his power within his empire and against his rivals mainly the Marinids In 1287 he took the city of Mazouna located on the right bank of the Chelif River from the Maghrawa and laid siege to the city of Taferdjint no longer an existing city possibly on the left bank of the Chelif River in the country of the Toudjin In 1290 91 the King of Tlemcen launched another expedition against the Toudjin He victoriously marched through their country as he took control of the Wancharis mountain their refuge Uthman I took the women and son of Mohammed Ibn Abd el Qawi as prisoners but then sends them back to their domiciles During May 1289 Abou Sa id took the city of Tenes from the Maghrawas and from the Toudjin the city of Medea 3 The Marinid Sultan Abou Ya qoub ben Abd el H aqq marched against Tlemcen and camps not too far from the city Tuesday on 25 July 1290 On 27 September he returns to his capital after fierce combat and memorable attacks During the 18th of the following month August of the same year Abou Sa id attacked the Maghrawas that had established relations with the Marinid ruler during the siege he conquered their country and forced them to obeisance leaving his son Abu Hammu I in command of the city of Chelif Uthman I then returns to Tlemcen On 28 April 1291 the Sultan marches against the Toudjin yet again he kills their king and devastates their country Then goes back to his capital In 1293 94 Abou Sa id takes the city of Brechk located 19 miles west from Cherchell and 8 miles East of Tenes from Tsabit ben Mandil of the Maghrawa after 40 days of siege Tasbit manages to flee to Al Maghreb al Aqsa by sea During 1295 96 the Marinid Sultan marches against Tlemcen for the second time He camps under the walls of Nedroma then heads to mount Djidara near Oran then finally goes back to his kingdom In the same year the Sultan of Tlemcen launches an expedition against the Arabs and camps at Ma Taghalin and mount Ha nach possibly near Constantine not far from the Sahara and kicks the Arabs from the region 4 Legacy editAbu Said Uthman I was considered to be a great ruler he managed to conserve the integrity of his empire repelling four attacks by the Marinid Abou Ya qoub ben Abd el H aqq died during the 5th 5 and punished the rebels who revolted against him See also editMedieval Algeria topicsAbu Said Uthman IZayyanid dynastyPreceded byYaghmurasen Ibn Zyan Sultan of Tlemcen Kingdom of Tlemcen1283 1303 Succeeded byAbu Zayyan IReferences edit Abou Zakarya Yah ya Ibn Khaldoun Trad Alfred Bel Histoire des beni Abd El Wad rois de Tlemcen jusqu au regne d Abou Hammou Moussa II Alger Imprimerie orientale Pierre Fonatana 1904 p157 Abou Zakarya Yah ya Ibn Khaldoun Trad Alfred Bel Histoire des beni Abd El Wad rois de Tlemcen jusqu au regne d Abou Hammou Moussa II Alger Imprimerie orientale Pierre Fonatana 1904 p 158 Ibn Khaldoun trad William Mac Guckin de Slane Histoire des Berberes et des dynasties musulmanes de l Afrique septentrionale vol I Alger Imprimerie du Gouvernement 1852 p132 p371 Abou Zakarya Yah ya Ibn Khaldoun Trad Alfred Bel Histoire des beni Abd El Wad rois de Tlemcen jusqu au regne d Abou Hammou Moussa II Alger Imprimerie orientale Pierre Fonatana 1904 pp 160 164 Ibn Khaldun The Mediterranean in the 14th Century Rise and Fall of Empires pp 83 84 Stephan Ronart Nandy Ronart Dictionary of the Arab World A historical political reference work Artemis Verlag Zurich et al 1972 ISBN 3 7608 0138 2 Algeria Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Abu Said Uthman I amp oldid 1146896931, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
