A Boy Was Born,[a]Op. 3, is a choral composition by Benjamin Britten. Subtitled Choral variations for men's, women's and boys' voices, unaccompanied (organ ad lib), it was originally composed from 1932 to 1933. It was first performed on 23 February 1934 as a BBC broadcast. Britten revised the work in 1955. The composer set different texts related to Christmas to music as theme and variations, scored for an a cappella choir with boys' voices.
Britten composed A Boy Was Born at age 19 as a student at the Royal College of Music.[1] He wrote it between 25 November 1932 and 11 May 1933.[3] His last project at the college,[4] it is his first major vocal work and his first mature work on religious themes.[5] He dedicated it to his father.[2]
The work is in the form of a musical theme and six variations setting ten different texts dating mostly from the 16th century, with one by Christina Rossetti from the 19th century,[1] so forming the first of his "poetic anthology" works.[5][6] Variation structures particularly appealed to Britten: even before composing A Boy Was Born, he had started a set of variations for string orchestra which he was later to complete as the Variations on a Theme of Frank Bridge.[7] Later he was to compose a set of variations for his Piano Concerto,[8] and his opera The Turn of the Screw is extensively based on the variation principle.[6]
The work takes about 32 minutes to perform. It was among Britten's first compositions to be published, by Chester Music. Britten revised it in 1955.[9] This version was first performed on 22 November 1955 in London at the Grosvenor Chapel, by the Purcell Singers conducted by Imogen Holst. Britten himself conducted a recording with Michael Hartnett (treble), the Purcell Singers, boys' voices of the English Opera Group, and the choir of All Saints.[2] In 1957–58, Ralph Downes added an organ part.[1]
In 2013, celebrating Britten's centenary, A Boy Was Born was performed by the BBC Singers and the Temple Church Choir at The Proms, conducted by David Hill.[10][11]
Festivals in Sheffield and Birmingham in 2013, in honour of the centenary of Britten's birth, were named after the composition.[12][13]
Musicedit
Britten displayed in the elaborate work his skill in composition and the handling of words. He composed six choral variations on the first four notes sung by the sopranos:
Paul Spicer notes about the key: "Theoretically in D, the work, like most of Britten’s music, is as much modal as diatonic, though his modality bears little relationship to that of the English pastoralists—Vaughan Williams and the rest—who were then at their most influential." He mentions Alban Berg as a composer who influenced Britten's variation techniques such as augmentation and inversion of motifs.[1]
The first variation is in the form of a dialogue between Mary (women's voices) and the child (boys). Variation 2 tells of the massacre of the innocents with jerky rhythms, altering and distorting the original theme. In variation 3 a semi-chorus sings the text, "Jesu, as Thou art our saviour", punctuated four times by a boy (or boys) singing "Jesu" as a melisma. Variation 4, about the three kings, has the theme as a wordless background flow to the narrative, picturing a distant procession. Variation 5, set for upper voices only, opens with Rossetti's "In the Bleak Midwinter" sung by women's voices, whose parts 'clashing' in seconds suggest the cold while their descending phrases suggest the falling snow: against this, the boys choir sing an artlessly folk-like setting of the Corpus Christi Carol. Variation 6 is in the form of a lively rondo, one of the most complex to perform as it divides into eight distinct voice parts, followed by a recollection of the earlier variations and final return of the original theme.[14]
The choral writing is demanding. Spicer points out that the boys' choir has to be a separate group but should be positioned not far from the mixed choir because of their intricate relationship.[1]
^The composition was originally published as A Boy was Born,[1][2] with a lower-case w, in an era before orthographic norms regarding capitalization of verbs in titles of works had entirely solidified in English-language publishing.
^Oliver, Michael. Benjamin Britten. Phaidon, 1996: p. 216.
^"Prom 70: Britten & Lloyd". BBC. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
^Jaffé, Daniel (7 September 2013). "BBC Proms: Britten and George Lloyd performed by the BBC Singers". BBC Music Magazine. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
^"A Boy Was Born / A festival celebrating 100 years of Benjamin Britten". aboywasborn.co.uk. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
^"A Boy Was Born / Celebrating Britten's Centanary in Birmingham". birminghambritten.wordpress.com. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
^Milner, Anthony. "The Choral Music": Chapter 29 in The Britten Companion, ed. Christopher Palmer. Faber, 1984: p. 330
External linksedit
Listening to Britten – A boy was born, Op.3 goodmorningbritten.wordpress.com, 8 June 2013
November 01, 2023
born, choral, composition, benjamin, britten, subtitled, choral, variations, women, boys, voices, unaccompanied, organ, originally, composed, from, 1932, 1933, first, performed, february, 1934, broadcast, britten, revised, work, 1955, composer, different, text. A Boy Was Born a Op 3 is a choral composition by Benjamin Britten Subtitled Choral variations for men s women s and boys voices unaccompanied organ ad lib it was originally composed from 1932 to 1933 It was first performed on 23 February 1934 as a BBC broadcast Britten revised the work in 1955 The composer set different texts related to Christmas to music as theme and variations scored for an a cappella choir with boys voices A Boy Was BornChoral variations for unaccompanied voicesby Benjamin BrittenOpus3TextTen texts mostly from the 15th and 16th centuryComposed1933 1933 revised 1955Dedication To my Father Performed23 February 1934 1934 02 23 Vocalfour part choir SATB boys choir Contents 1 History and versions 2 Music 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 External linksHistory and versions editBritten composed A Boy Was Born at age 19 as a student at the Royal College of Music 1 He wrote it between 25 November 1932 and 11 May 1933 3 His last project at the college 4 it is his first major vocal work and his first mature work on religious themes 5 He dedicated it to his father 2 The work is in the form of a musical theme and six variations setting ten different texts dating mostly from the 16th century with one by Christina Rossetti from the 19th century 1 so forming the first of his poetic anthology works 5 6 Variation structures particularly appealed to Britten even before composing A Boy Was Born he had started a set of variations for string orchestra which he was later to complete as the Variations on a Theme of Frank Bridge 7 Later he was to compose a set of variations for his Piano Concerto 8 and his opera The Turn of the Screw is extensively based on the variation principle 6 Texts of A Boy Was Born Movement Title AuthorTheme A boy was born Anon 16th centuryVariation 1 Lullay Jesu Anon before 1536Variation 2 Herod Anon before 1529Variation 3 Jesu as Thou art our saviour Anon 15th centuryVariation 4 The Three Kings Anon 15th centuryVariation 5 In the Bleak Midwinter Christina RossettiCorpus Christi Carol Anon before 1536Variation 6 Finale Noel Welcome Yule Anon 16th centuryChristmas Thomas TusserA Christmas Carol Francis QuarlesA Boy Was Born was first performed on 23 February 1934 in a BBC radio concert of contemporary music Leslie Woodgate conducted the Wireless Chorus and choirboys of St Mark s North Audley Street London 3 2 Sir Edward Elgar died the same day The work takes about 32 minutes to perform It was among Britten s first compositions to be published by Chester Music Britten revised it in 1955 9 This version was first performed on 22 November 1955 in London at the Grosvenor Chapel by the Purcell Singers conducted by Imogen Holst Britten himself conducted a recording with Michael Hartnett treble the Purcell Singers boys voices of the English Opera Group and the choir of All Saints 2 In 1957 58 Ralph Downes added an organ part 1 In 2013 celebrating Britten s centenary A Boy Was Born was performed by the BBC Singers and the Temple Church Choir at The Proms conducted by David Hill 10 11 Festivals in Sheffield and Birmingham in 2013 in honour of the centenary of Britten s birth were named after the composition 12 13 Music editBritten displayed in the elaborate work his skill in composition and the handling of words He composed six choral variations on the first four notes sung by the sopranos nbsp Paul Spicer notes about the key Theoretically in D the work like most of Britten s music is as much modal as diatonic though his modality bears little relationship to that of the English pastoralists Vaughan Williams and the rest who were then at their most influential He mentions Alban Berg as a composer who influenced Britten s variation techniques such as augmentation and inversion of motifs 1 The first variation is in the form of a dialogue between Mary women s voices and the child boys Variation 2 tells of the massacre of the innocents with jerky rhythms altering and distorting the original theme In variation 3 a semi chorus sings the text Jesu as Thou art our saviour punctuated four times by a boy or boys singing Jesu as a melisma Variation 4 about the three kings has the theme as a wordless background flow to the narrative picturing a distant procession Variation 5 set for upper voices only opens with Rossetti s In the Bleak Midwinter sung by women s voices whose parts clashing in seconds suggest the cold while their descending phrases suggest the falling snow against this the boys choir sing an artlessly folk like setting of the Corpus Christi Carol Variation 6 is in the form of a lively rondo one of the most complex to perform as it divides into eight distinct voice parts followed by a recollection of the earlier variations and final return of the original theme 14 The choral writing is demanding Spicer points out that the boys choir has to be a separate group but should be positioned not far from the mixed choir because of their intricate relationship 1 See also edit Puer natus in Bethlehem a medieval Latin Christmas hymnNotes edit The composition was originally published as A Boy was Born 1 2 with a lower case w in an era before orthographic norms regarding capitalization of verbs in titles of works had entirely solidified in English language publishing References edit a b c d e f Spicer Paul A Boy was Born PDF Britten Choral Guide Boosey amp Hawkes Retrieved 22 November 2013 a b c d A Boy was Born Britten Thematic Catalogue 11 May 1933 Retrieved 8 September 2022 a b A Boy Was Born brittenproject org 11 May 1933 Retrieved 22 November 2013 Sieck Stephen A Boy was Born An Examination of the Stylistic Influences on the Young Benjamin Britten PDF The Choral Scholar p 9 Archived from the original PDF on 13 November 2013 Retrieved 26 November 2013 a b Stevenson Joseph A Boy Was Born choral variations for mixed voices Op 3 AllMusic Retrieved 22 November 2013 a b Oliver 1996 p 39 Oliver 1996 p 40 Oliver 1996 p 69 Oliver Michael Benjamin Britten Phaidon 1996 p 216 Prom 70 Britten amp Lloyd BBC Retrieved 18 December 2013 Jaffe Daniel 7 September 2013 BBC Proms Britten and George Lloyd performed by the BBC Singers BBC Music Magazine Retrieved 26 November 2013 A Boy Was Born A festival celebrating 100 years of Benjamin Britten aboywasborn co uk Retrieved 18 December 2013 A Boy Was Born Celebrating Britten s Centanary in Birmingham birminghambritten wordpress com Retrieved 18 December 2013 Milner Anthony The Choral Music Chapter 29 in The Britten Companion ed Christopher Palmer Faber 1984 p 330External links editListening to Britten A boy was born Op 3 goodmorningbritten wordpress com 8 June 2013 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title A Boy Was Born amp oldid 1143009073, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
