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South Circular Road, London

February 26, 2024

"A205" redirects here. For the Fujifilm A205 camera, see Fujifilm FinePix A series.

The South Circular Road (formally the A205 and often simply called the South Circular) in south London, England, is a major road that runs from the Woolwich Ferry in the east to the Chiswick Flyover in the west via Eltham, Lee Green, Catford, Forest Hill, Dulwich, Tulse Hill, Clapham Common, Clapham Junction, Wandsworth, Putney, Barnes, Mortlake and Kew Bridge. Together with the North Circular Road and Woolwich Ferry, it makes a complete ring-road around Central London and is a former boundary of the Ultra Low Emission Zone. The South Circular is largely a sequence of urban streets joined together, requiring several at-grade turns, unlike the mostly purpose-made carriageways of the North Circular. As a result, it is frequently congested.

South Circular Road
The route of the South Circular Road in Greater London, with the North Circular Road and Woolwich Ferry
Route information
Length20.5 mi[1] (33.0 km)
Major junctions
FromWoolwich
Major intersections
ToSouth Ealing
Location
CountryUnited Kingdom
Constituent countryEngland
Road network

Originally planned as a new-build route across South London, construction of the first section of the South Circular near Eltham began in 1921 to a high-quality specification. The remainder of the road was supposed to be of a similar standard but it was repeatedly delayed, and the current route was allocated in the late 1930s to existing urban streets instead. Despite several proposals to either upgrade the road or replace it with a parallel motorway, there has been little change since the route was first planned and most of the road is still urban streets. The South Circular has received sustained criticism for congestion and pollution and is one of the least popular roads in Britain.

Route edit

 
Brownhill Road in Catford

The South Circular is 20.5 miles (33.0 km) long. The majority of the road is single carriageway, one lane each way, aside from a small section of dual carriageway near the Woolwich Ferry. It is a primary road for its entire length.[1] The route runs closer to central London compared to the more distant North Circular.

Woolwich–Clapham edit

The South Circular Road starts just south of the ferry terminal where the A2204 Ferry Approach meets the main east–west road through Woolwich, the A206.[1] It heads south, climbing up John Wilson Street, a section of dual carriageway, until it meets Grand Depot Road and becomes single carriageway through Woolwich Common and Academy Road past the former Royal Military Academy. The route continues south to the A2 at a grade separated junction—one of only two on the route—and continues southwesterly as a dual carriageway, crossing Eltham Road (A210) and Sidcup Road (A20). At the junction with Burnt Ash Hill the road becomes urban single carriageway again, which it remains the case for most of the remainder of the route.[1][2]

The first section of the single carriageway is Saint Mildreds Road; then, shortly after passing under the railway line, it is Brownhill Road due west all the way to the Catford gyratory system which crosses the A21 to follow Catford Road past the former Catford Stadium, and a medley of suburban roads towards Forest Hill and Horniman Museum, Dulwich Common and Dulwich College, Tulse Hill and Brixton Hill to Clapham Common.[1][3]

Clapham–Kew edit

 
Kew Bridge is at the western end of the South Circular

Beyond the common, the South Circular merges with the A3 London to Portsmouth road for two miles, travelling along Wandsworth High Street and passing the old Ram Brewery. At West Hill the routes diverge, with the A205 going north-west along Upper Richmond Road, past Putney Leisure Centre and the south end of Barnes Common and the home ground of Rosslyn Park F.C., then along Upper Richmond Road West, before turning north at East Sheen onto Clifford Avenue.[1]

The road then crosses the A316 Great Chertsey Road, passing the National Archives, Kew Green, and over Kew Bridge. It ends at the Chiswick Roundabout, which is the junction for the M4 and the A406 North Circular Road.[1][4]

History edit

Early plans edit

 
A short part of the South Circular Road is a relatively fast dual carriageway road. Early 20th century plans called for the entire route to be this standard.

The South Circular Road was planned by the Ministry of Transport in the early 20th century as part of a general programme of traffic improvements across London.[5] In 1903, a proposal for new approach roads was submitted to the Royal Commission on London Traffic, but was rejected. The Road Board was formed in 1910 to address traffic issues, which led to the London Arterial Road Conferences in 1913–14 that revived the earlier plans. Progress was halted because of the war, but resumed in 1920, when it was hoped it would find work for demobilised soldiers.[6]

The first section near Woolwich was under construction by 1921, as it ran on open land that was easy to purchase, but plans for the remainder of the route had not yet been decided and there were delays due to compulsory purchasing of properties.[7][8] In 1925, The Times announced a replacement bridge for the Woolwich Ferry was planned as part of the South Circular project to tie in with the East Ham and Barking Bypass (now the A13).[9] A significant amount of new housing had been built along the route of the South Circular since the original 1903 plans, and building costs had risen because of labour and because of further demolition required.[6] In 1927, the Governors of Dulwich College formally objected to the road as it would put the Memorial Library right next to a main road and remove part of the college green.[10]

A short section from Well Hall Road to Eltham Road had been completed by 1930, aside from a bridge underneath the Hither Green – Dartford railway, and the road had been built as far west as Burnt Ash Hill by the middle of the decade.[11][12] Sir Charles Bressey's Highway Development Survey (also known as the Bressey Report), published in 1937, showed a 15-mile (24 km)-long South Circular that would have a new-build section near Wandsworth Bridge (then being rebuilt) but otherwise be a series of online improvements to existing roads.[13]

Abercrombie redevelopment edit

Sir Patrick Abercrombie was frustrated by the lack of progress, and in 1933 said "There is not a single complete Ring Road in the County or Region of London".[14] Plans for an improved South Circular were revisited as part of Abercrombie's County of London Plan of 1943, as the southern half of one of several ring roads around the capital.[15] Abercrombie designated it as the "C Ring" (the third ring out from the city centre); however, the high-quality road was never built and the semi-circular route was assigned to existing roads through the southern suburbs;[14] these roads retain their historic names. The current recognised route of the South Circular was created by local motoring organisations putting up strategically placed signposts to direct traffic. Sir Richard Sharples, then MP for Sutton and Cheam, felt this was inadequate and complained that "I do not think that the South Circular Road could be said to exist at all."[16]

Ringway 2 edit

In the 1960s, Abercrombie's plans were revived by the Greater London Council (GLC) as the London Ringways Plan which proposed the construction of a series of motorways in and around London to control traffic congestion. The existing South Circular route was recognised as being unsuitable for upgrading and a new motorway, Ringway 2, was planned for construction further south.[17]

Because of the destruction required and cost involved in the proposed plans the majority of the Ringway Plans had stagnated by 1973. However, local Members of Parliament (MPs), including Toby Jessel, MP for Twickenham, complained the project should not be cancelled, as the existing South Circular was completely unacceptable to traffic.[17] The plans were scrapped after Labour won the GLC election that year.[18]

Later plans edit

In 1985, the London Chamber of Commerce and Industry proposed a £300m partial replacement for the South Circular that would have seen a dual-carriageway built over existing suburban railway lines between Barnes and Wandsworth Bridge, and Wandsworth Common to Nine Elms.[19] The Government announced a large-scale upgrade of the South Circular in the 1989 white paper Roads for Prosperity, but it was cancelled the following year after a petition signed by 3,500 local residents. In addition to the proposed property demolition around Tulse Hill, the petition complained that the road's course conveniently avoided a house belonging to then-Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher half a mile away.[20][21]

Traffic edit

 
The South Circular Road near Catford suffers from regular traffic congestion, despite being a red route.

The South Circular Road has long been the target of criticism over its poor capacity and lack of improvement schemes. MPs have dismissed the road as "a collection of signposts"[22] and "not so much a coherent through route".[23] In 1969, the chairman of the Greater London Council planning and transportation committee called the South Circular "a joke".[24] Two years later, Jessel reported it could take over an hour to travel the route end to end, a little over 20 miles.[25]

The whole of the South Circular is a red route, allocated to roads that together make up over 30% of traffic in London. This prohibits any stopping or loading.[26][27] Some sections of the road through the borough of Lewisham have extensive bus lanes. Their appearance is controversial; a 2006 resident survey produced mixed results, with people believing there were either too many or not enough.[28]

In 1988, a single road closure (resulting from a gas leak on a side road in Wandsworth) caused severe congestion along the entire South Circular. A representative from Scotland Yard's Central Communications complex said the inadequate design of the road was indicative of several single points of failure in the London road network.[29]

The South Circular has been criticised for its poor air quality and pollution. This affects drivers, cyclists and pedestrians, all of which regularly travel along the road.[30] A 2007 report in the Daily Telegraph said it was the eighth worst road in Britain.[31] In December 2020, pollution from the South Circular was ruled to be a factor in the death of 9 year old Ella Roberta Kissi-Debrah.[32]

ULEZ edit

On 25 October 2021, the South Circular became the boundary of the London Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ), although it is not included in it. Vehicles travelling inside the zone and not meeting key exhaust emission standards will need to pay a daily charge of £12.50 for cars, vans and motorcycles, and £100 for coaches, HGVs and buses.[33][34] The zone expanded beyond this to cover the whole of Greater London on 29 August 2023.[35]

Future edit

A task force was set up in July 2013 by the Mayor of London Boris Johnson to look at improvements to the London road network, including the South Circular and North Circular. The plans included putting the road in a series of tunnels. This would free up space on the surface, providing public space and extensive cycle routes and improving the linkage of existing communities currently severed by the busy road. Caroline Pidgeon, deputy chair of the London Assembly's Transport Committee, responded, "It doesn't make sense and it won't add up – [there's a] £30bn estimate, but I'm sure it'll cost at least double that, and the reality is we'll lose homes around these roads and so on."[36]

See also edit

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "A205". Google Maps. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  2. ^ "Roads Review – what role for trunk roads in England?". Department for Transport. 23 October 2008. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
  3. ^ "Horniman Museum and Gardens – History, Travel, and accommodation information". Britain Express. Retrieved 21 January 2019.
  4. ^ Royle, Anthony (24 June 1982). "Orders of the Day – Heavy Lorries". Hansard. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
  5. ^ Hart 1976, p. 74.
  6. ^ a b Jeffreys, Rees (5 April 1927). "New Arterial Roads". The Times. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  7. ^ "Road Construction". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 6 June 1921. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  8. ^ "By-Pass Roads (Eltham to Welling)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 1 July 1924. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  9. ^ "New London Bridges". The Times. 23 January 1925. p. 13. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  10. ^ "South Circular Road". The Times. 24 October 1927. p. 9. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  11. ^ "South Circular Road, Woolwich". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 3 December 1930. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  12. ^ "South Circular Road". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 6 December 1933. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  13. ^ "Bressey Report". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 20 July 1938. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  14. ^ a b Hart 1976, p. 75.
  15. ^ Bressey, Charles (16 July 1943). "London of Tomorrow". The Spectator. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  16. ^ "Roads, London (Development Plan)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 7 April 1955. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  17. ^ a b "London Motorway Box". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 20 March 1973. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  18. ^ Young, John (5 July 1975). "Crosland statement may end road doubts". The Times. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  19. ^ Baily, Michael (23 March 1985). "£300m plan to build trunk road over railways". The Times. p. 2. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  20. ^ Dynes, Michael (27 March 1990). "London roads plan 'scrapped'". The Times. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  21. ^ Fraster, John (28 February 1990). "South Circular Road". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  22. ^ "New Roads add to Congestion". New Scientist: 5. 25 December 1986. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
  23. ^ Weinreb et al. 2008, p. 851.
  24. ^ "South circular road 'a joke'". The Times. 6 February 1969. p. 4. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  25. ^ "Motorways, London". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 15 December 1971. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  26. ^ "Rules of Red Routes". Transport for London. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  27. ^ "Pan London Red Routes" (PDF). Transport for London. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  28. ^ Report of the Environment Select Committee's South Circular Investigation (PDF) (Report). Lewisham London Borough Council. March 2006. p. 5. Retrieved 9 January 2017.
  29. ^ "Traffic nightmare returns to haunt London". The Times. 6 December 1988. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  30. ^ Scott, Jenny (5 April 2014). "Are these the worst ring roads in England?". BBC News. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  31. ^ "M25 Voted Worst Road in Britain". The Daily Telegraph. 22 October 2007. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
  32. ^ "Air pollution contributed to death of nine-year-old Ella Kissi-Debrah, landmark ruling finds". The Independent. 16 December 2020. Archived from the original on 24 May 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
  33. ^ "London Mayor confirms Ultra-Low Emission Zone will start in 2019". www.fleetnews.co.uk.
  34. ^ "ULEZ: The politics of London's air pollution". BBC News. 19 October 2021. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  35. ^ "ULEZ Expansion 2023". Transport for London. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  36. ^ "London roads £30bn plan unveiled". BBC News. 10 July 2013.

Sources edit

  • Hart, Douglas (1976). Strategic Planning in London: The Rise and Fall of the Primary Road Network. Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-483-15548-7.
  • Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher; Keay, Julia; Keay, John (2008). The London Encyclopedia. Pan MacMillan. ISBN 978-1-4050-4924-5.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to South Circular Road, London.
  • A205 on SABRE

51°26′26″N 0°06′35″W / 51.4405°N 0.1098°W / 51.4405; -0.1098

February 26, 2024
south, circular, road, london, a205, redirects, here, fujifilm, a205, camera, fujifilm, finepix, series, south, circular, road, formally, a205, often, simply, called, south, circular, south, london, england, major, road, that, runs, from, woolwich, ferry, east. A205 redirects here For the Fujifilm A205 camera see Fujifilm FinePix A series The South Circular Road formally the A205 and often simply called the South Circular in south London England is a major road that runs from the Woolwich Ferry in the east to the Chiswick Flyover in the west via Eltham Lee Green Catford Forest Hill Dulwich Tulse Hill Clapham Common Clapham Junction Wandsworth Putney Barnes Mortlake and Kew Bridge Together with the North Circular Road and Woolwich Ferry it makes a complete ring road around Central London and is a former boundary of the Ultra Low Emission Zone The South Circular is largely a sequence of urban streets joined together requiring several at grade turns unlike the mostly purpose made carriageways of the North Circular As a result it is frequently congested South Circular RoadThe route of the South Circular Road in Greater London with the North Circular Road and Woolwich FerryRoute informationLength20 5 mi 1 33 0 km Major junctionsFromWoolwichMajor intersections Woolwich FerryA2 Rochester Way Relief Road A20 Sidcup Road A21 Bromley Road A23 Streatham Hill A24 Balham Hill A3 West Hill A316 Lower Richmond Road M4A4 Great West Road A406 North Circular Road ToSouth EalingLocationCountryUnited KingdomConstituent countryEnglandRoad networkRoads in the United KingdomMotorways A and B road zonesOriginally planned as a new build route across South London construction of the first section of the South Circular near Eltham began in 1921 to a high quality specification The remainder of the road was supposed to be of a similar standard but it was repeatedly delayed and the current route was allocated in the late 1930s to existing urban streets instead Despite several proposals to either upgrade the road or replace it with a parallel motorway there has been little change since the route was first planned and most of the road is still urban streets The South Circular has received sustained criticism for congestion and pollution and is one of the least popular roads in Britain Contents 1 Route 1 1 Woolwich Clapham 1 2 Clapham Kew 2 History 2 1 Early plans 2 2 Abercrombie redevelopment 2 3 Ringway 2 2 4 Later plans 3 Traffic 4 ULEZ 5 Future 6 See also 7 References 7 1 Citations 7 2 Sources 8 External linksRoute edit nbsp Brownhill Road in CatfordThe South Circular is 20 5 miles 33 0 km long The majority of the road is single carriageway one lane each way aside from a small section of dual carriageway near the Woolwich Ferry It is a primary road for its entire length 1 The route runs closer to central London compared to the more distant North Circular Woolwich Clapham edit The South Circular Road starts just south of the ferry terminal where the A2204 Ferry Approach meets the main east west road through Woolwich the A206 1 It heads south climbing up John Wilson Street a section of dual carriageway until it meets Grand Depot Road and becomes single carriageway through Woolwich Common and Academy Road past the former Royal Military Academy The route continues south to the A2 at a grade separated junction one of only two on the route and continues southwesterly as a dual carriageway crossing Eltham Road A210 and Sidcup Road A20 At the junction with Burnt Ash Hill the road becomes urban single carriageway again which it remains the case for most of the remainder of the route 1 2 The first section of the single carriageway is Saint Mildreds Road then shortly after passing under the railway line it is Brownhill Road due west all the way to the Catford gyratory system which crosses the A21 to follow Catford Road past the former Catford Stadium and a medley of suburban roads towards Forest Hill and Horniman Museum Dulwich Common and Dulwich College Tulse Hill and Brixton Hill to Clapham Common 1 3 Clapham Kew edit nbsp Kew Bridge is at the western end of the South CircularBeyond the common the South Circular merges with the A3 London to Portsmouth road for two miles travelling along Wandsworth High Street and passing the old Ram Brewery At West Hill the routes diverge with the A205 going north west along Upper Richmond Road past Putney Leisure Centre and the south end of Barnes Common and the home ground of Rosslyn Park F C then along Upper Richmond Road West before turning north at East Sheen onto Clifford Avenue 1 The road then crosses the A316 Great Chertsey Road passing the National Archives Kew Green and over Kew Bridge It ends at the Chiswick Roundabout which is the junction for the M4 and the A406 North Circular Road 1 4 History editEarly plans edit nbsp A short part of the South Circular Road is a relatively fast dual carriageway road Early 20th century plans called for the entire route to be this standard The South Circular Road was planned by the Ministry of Transport in the early 20th century as part of a general programme of traffic improvements across London 5 In 1903 a proposal for new approach roads was submitted to the Royal Commission on London Traffic but was rejected The Road Board was formed in 1910 to address traffic issues which led to the London Arterial Road Conferences in 1913 14 that revived the earlier plans Progress was halted because of the war but resumed in 1920 when it was hoped it would find work for demobilised soldiers 6 The first section near Woolwich was under construction by 1921 as it ran on open land that was easy to purchase but plans for the remainder of the route had not yet been decided and there were delays due to compulsory purchasing of properties 7 8 In 1925 The Times announced a replacement bridge for the Woolwich Ferry was planned as part of the South Circular project to tie in with the East Ham and Barking Bypass now the A13 9 A significant amount of new housing had been built along the route of the South Circular since the original 1903 plans and building costs had risen because of labour and because of further demolition required 6 In 1927 the Governors of Dulwich College formally objected to the road as it would put the Memorial Library right next to a main road and remove part of the college green 10 A short section from Well Hall Road to Eltham Road had been completed by 1930 aside from a bridge underneath the Hither Green Dartford railway and the road had been built as far west as Burnt Ash Hill by the middle of the decade 11 12 Sir Charles Bressey s Highway Development Survey also known as the Bressey Report published in 1937 showed a 15 mile 24 km long South Circular that would have a new build section near Wandsworth Bridge then being rebuilt but otherwise be a series of online improvements to existing roads 13 Abercrombie redevelopment edit Sir Patrick Abercrombie was frustrated by the lack of progress and in 1933 said There is not a single complete Ring Road in the County or Region of London 14 Plans for an improved South Circular were revisited as part of Abercrombie s County of London Plan of 1943 as the southern half of one of several ring roads around the capital 15 Abercrombie designated it as the C Ring the third ring out from the city centre however the high quality road was never built and the semi circular route was assigned to existing roads through the southern suburbs 14 these roads retain their historic names The current recognised route of the South Circular was created by local motoring organisations putting up strategically placed signposts to direct traffic Sir Richard Sharples then MP for Sutton and Cheam felt this was inadequate and complained that I do not think that the South Circular Road could be said to exist at all 16 Ringway 2 edit In the 1960s Abercrombie s plans were revived by the Greater London Council GLC as the London Ringways Plan which proposed the construction of a series of motorways in and around London to control traffic congestion The existing South Circular route was recognised as being unsuitable for upgrading and a new motorway Ringway 2 was planned for construction further south 17 Because of the destruction required and cost involved in the proposed plans the majority of the Ringway Plans had stagnated by 1973 However local Members of Parliament MPs including Toby Jessel MP for Twickenham complained the project should not be cancelled as the existing South Circular was completely unacceptable to traffic 17 The plans were scrapped after Labour won the GLC election that year 18 Later plans edit In 1985 the London Chamber of Commerce and Industry proposed a 300m partial replacement for the South Circular that would have seen a dual carriageway built over existing suburban railway lines between Barnes and Wandsworth Bridge and Wandsworth Common to Nine Elms 19 The Government announced a large scale upgrade of the South Circular in the 1989 white paper Roads for Prosperity but it was cancelled the following year after a petition signed by 3 500 local residents In addition to the proposed property demolition around Tulse Hill the petition complained that the road s course conveniently avoided a house belonging to then Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher half a mile away 20 21 Traffic edit nbsp The South Circular Road near Catford suffers from regular traffic congestion despite being a red route The South Circular Road has long been the target of criticism over its poor capacity and lack of improvement schemes MPs have dismissed the road as a collection of signposts 22 and not so much a coherent through route 23 In 1969 the chairman of the Greater London Council planning and transportation committee called the South Circular a joke 24 Two years later Jessel reported it could take over an hour to travel the route end to end a little over 20 miles 25 The whole of the South Circular is a red route allocated to roads that together make up over 30 of traffic in London This prohibits any stopping or loading 26 27 Some sections of the road through the borough of Lewisham have extensive bus lanes Their appearance is controversial a 2006 resident survey produced mixed results with people believing there were either too many or not enough 28 In 1988 a single road closure resulting from a gas leak on a side road in Wandsworth caused severe congestion along the entire South Circular A representative from Scotland Yard s Central Communications complex said the inadequate design of the road was indicative of several single points of failure in the London road network 29 The South Circular has been criticised for its poor air quality and pollution This affects drivers cyclists and pedestrians all of which regularly travel along the road 30 A 2007 report in the Daily Telegraph said it was the eighth worst road in Britain 31 In December 2020 pollution from the South Circular was ruled to be a factor in the death of 9 year old Ella Roberta Kissi Debrah 32 ULEZ editOn 25 October 2021 the South Circular became the boundary of the London Ultra Low Emission Zone ULEZ although it is not included in it Vehicles travelling inside the zone and not meeting key exhaust emission standards will need to pay a daily charge of 12 50 for cars vans and motorcycles and 100 for coaches HGVs and buses 33 34 The zone expanded beyond this to cover the whole of Greater London on 29 August 2023 35 Future editA task force was set up in July 2013 by the Mayor of London Boris Johnson to look at improvements to the London road network including the South Circular and North Circular The plans included putting the road in a series of tunnels This would free up space on the surface providing public space and extensive cycle routes and improving the linkage of existing communities currently severed by the busy road Caroline Pidgeon deputy chair of the London Assembly s Transport Committee responded It doesn t make sense and it won t add up there s a 30bn estimate but I m sure it ll cost at least double that and the reality is we ll lose homes around these roads and so on 36 See also editA roads in Zone 2 of the Great Britain numbering schemeReferences editCitations edit a b c d e f g A205 Google Maps Retrieved 16 September 2016 Roads Review what role for trunk roads in England Department for Transport 23 October 2008 Retrieved 15 May 2019 Horniman Museum and Gardens History Travel and accommodation information Britain Express Retrieved 21 January 2019 Royle Anthony 24 June 1982 Orders of the Day Heavy Lorries Hansard Retrieved 15 May 2019 Hart 1976 p 74 a b Jeffreys Rees 5 April 1927 New Arterial Roads The Times Retrieved 16 September 2016 Road Construction Parliamentary Debates Hansard 6 June 1921 Retrieved 18 August 2015 By Pass Roads Eltham to Welling Parliamentary Debates Hansard 1 July 1924 Retrieved 18 August 2015 New London Bridges The Times 23 January 1925 p 13 Retrieved 16 September 2016 South Circular Road The Times 24 October 1927 p 9 Retrieved 16 September 2016 South Circular Road Woolwich Parliamentary Debates Hansard 3 December 1930 Retrieved 18 August 2015 South Circular Road Parliamentary Debates Hansard 6 December 1933 Retrieved 18 August 2015 Bressey Report Parliamentary Debates Hansard 20 July 1938 Retrieved 26 August 2015 a b Hart 1976 p 75 Bressey Charles 16 July 1943 London of Tomorrow The Spectator Retrieved 26 August 2015 Roads London Development Plan Parliamentary Debates Hansard 7 April 1955 Retrieved 26 August 2015 a b London Motorway Box Parliamentary Debates Hansard 20 March 1973 Retrieved 26 August 2015 Young John 5 July 1975 Crosland statement may end road doubts The Times Retrieved 16 September 2016 Baily Michael 23 March 1985 300m plan to build trunk road over railways The Times p 2 Retrieved 16 September 2016 Dynes Michael 27 March 1990 London roads plan scrapped The Times Retrieved 16 September 2016 Fraster John 28 February 1990 South Circular Road Parliamentary Debates Hansard Retrieved 9 January 2017 New Roads add to Congestion New Scientist 5 25 December 1986 Retrieved 18 August 2015 Weinreb et al 2008 p 851 South circular road a joke The Times 6 February 1969 p 4 Retrieved 16 September 2016 Motorways London Parliamentary Debates Hansard 15 December 1971 Retrieved 27 August 2015 Rules of Red Routes Transport for London Retrieved 9 January 2017 Pan London Red Routes PDF Transport for London Retrieved 9 January 2017 Report of the Environment Select Committee s South Circular Investigation PDF Report Lewisham London Borough Council March 2006 p 5 Retrieved 9 January 2017 Traffic nightmare returns to haunt London The Times 6 December 1988 Retrieved 16 September 2016 Scott Jenny 5 April 2014 Are these the worst ring roads in England BBC News Retrieved 16 September 2016 M25 Voted Worst Road in Britain The Daily Telegraph 22 October 2007 Retrieved 17 September 2016 Air pollution contributed to death of nine year old Ella Kissi Debrah landmark ruling finds The Independent 16 December 2020 Archived from the original on 24 May 2022 Retrieved 16 December 2020 London Mayor confirms Ultra Low Emission Zone will start in 2019 www fleetnews co uk ULEZ The politics of London s air pollution BBC News 19 October 2021 Retrieved 4 October 2022 ULEZ Expansion 2023 Transport for London Retrieved 12 May 2023 London roads 30bn plan unveiled BBC News 10 July 2013 Sources edit Hart Douglas 1976 Strategic Planning in London The Rise and Fall of the Primary Road Network Elsevier ISBN 978 1 483 15548 7 Weinreb Ben Hibbert Christopher Keay Julia Keay John 2008 The London Encyclopedia Pan MacMillan ISBN 978 1 4050 4924 5 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to South Circular Road London A205 on SABRE 51 26 26 N 0 06 35 W 51 4405 N 0 1098 W 51 4405 0 1098 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title South Circular Road London amp oldid 1189360204, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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