Aldo Carl Leopold (December 18, 1919 – November 18, 2009) was an American academic and plant physiologist, son of Aldo Leopold, a noted ecologist. He is known for his research on soybeans which led to techniques allowing insulin to be dried and later processed into an inhalable insulin.
Leopold received a bachelor's degree in botany from the University of Wisconsin in 1941. He enlisted in the Marines during World War II and served in the Pacific as defense counsel in courts-martial for soldiers who were charged with being AWOL. After his discharge, Leopold received MS and PhD degrees in plant physiology from Harvard University, studying under Kenneth Thimann. He worked briefly for the Hawaiian Pineapple Company, and then joined the faculty of Purdue University in 1949. In 1975, he was appointed Graduate Dean and Assistant Vice President for Research at the University of Nebraska. In 1977, Leopold moved to the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research (BTI) in Ithaca, New York as William H. Crocker Scientist.[1]
He is known for being a pioneer in the study of the plant hormone auxin, and later for work on desiccation tolerance in seeds and gravitropism. He is the author, with Paul Kriedemann, of a widely used textbook on plant growth and development.
Seeds such as soybeans containing very high levels of protein can undergo desiccation, yet survive and revive after water absorption. Leopold began studying this capability at BTI in the mid-1980s. He found soybeans and corn to have a range of soluble carbohydrates protecting the seed's cell viability by forming a glassy state rather than drying completely.[2] Patents were awarded to him in the early 1990s on techniques for protecting "biological membranes" and proteins in the dry state. Using the knowledge gleaned from studying the preservation of proteins in dry soybeans, Leopold developed a method to preserve peptide hormones like insulin in the glassy state so that they can be pulverized into a powder and inhaled by diabetics as an alternative to self-injection.[3] His research on soybeans led to techniques that allowed insulin to be dried and later processed into an inhalable insulin, named Exubera by Pfizer.[4]
Personal life and deathedit
Leopold was active in science and environmental issues from his retirement in 1990 until his death in 2009.[5] Leopold, along with Ed Oyer, Thomas Eisner, Jim McConkey and Mary Woodson, was a founding member of the Preposthumous Society who together founded Greensprings Natural Cemetery Preserve. Leopold was the first member of the society to use it.[6]
He was the founding president of the Finger Lakes Land Trust in 1989, to preserve wild lands in the Finger Lakes region of New York.
He founded the Tropical Forestry Initiative in 1993, which developed new methods to restore tropical forest from grazing lands in Costa Rica, and remained active until 2015. [7][8]
He was cofounder of the Aldo Leopold Society in 1982 to help people explore and apply Aldo Leopold's land ethic.[9]
Referencesedit
^"BTI Emeritus Scientist Carl Leopold dies at age 89". bti.cornell.edu. Nov 24, 2009. Archived from the original on 10 Jul 2012. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
^Blackman SA, Obendorf RL, Leopold AC (September 1992). "Maturation Proteins and Sugars in Desiccation Tolerance of Developing Soybean Seeds". Plant Physiol. 100 (1): 225–230. doi:10.1104/pp.100.1.225. PMC1075542. PMID 16652951.
^. Bloomberg Business. October 18, 2007. Archived from the original on July 5, 2012. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
^Mark Staves & Randy Wayne (December 3, 2009). . Lansing Star. Archived from the original on July 26, 2020. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
^Lorbiecki, Marybeth (2016). A Fierce Green Fire: Aldo Leopold's Life and Legacy. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
^"Boyce Thompson Researchers Help Rescue Costa Rican Rain Forest". Cornell Chronicle. 2008.
^Leopold, A.C. (2005). "Toward Restoration of a Wet Tropical Forest in Costa Rica: A Ten-Year Report". Ecological Restoration. 23 (4): 230–234. doi:10.3368/er.23.4.230. JSTOR 43443090. S2CID 86677609. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
^"Aldo Leopold Society". Retrieved 21 September 2021.
Worksedit
Auxins and Plant Growth (1955, 1960)
Plant Growth and Development (1964, 1975)
External linksedit
Obituary Lansing Star
Cornell Chronicle
USFS film "Green Fire" on life and legacy of Aldo Leopold, father of Carl
carl, leopold, aldo, carl, leopold, december, 1919, november, 2009, american, academic, plant, physiologist, aldo, leopold, noted, ecologist, known, research, soybeans, which, techniques, allowing, insulin, dried, later, processed, into, inhalable, insulin, bo. Aldo Carl Leopold December 18 1919 November 18 2009 was an American academic and plant physiologist son of Aldo Leopold a noted ecologist He is known for his research on soybeans which led to techniques allowing insulin to be dried and later processed into an inhalable insulin A Carl LeopoldBornAldo Carl Leopold 1919 12 18 December 18 1919Albuquerque New MexicoDiedNovember 18 2009 2009 11 18 aged 89 Ithaca New YorkOccupation s plant physiologist academic Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 3 Personal life and death 4 References 5 Works 6 External linksEarly life and education editAldo Carl Leopold was born to Aldo Leopold a noted ecologist and employee of the United States Forest Service and Estella Leopold in Albuquerque New Mexico as the 4th of 5 children Career editLeopold received a bachelor s degree in botany from the University of Wisconsin in 1941 He enlisted in the Marines during World War II and served in the Pacific as defense counsel in courts martial for soldiers who were charged with being AWOL After his discharge Leopold received MS and PhD degrees in plant physiology from Harvard University studying under Kenneth Thimann He worked briefly for the Hawaiian Pineapple Company and then joined the faculty of Purdue University in 1949 In 1975 he was appointed Graduate Dean and Assistant Vice President for Research at the University of Nebraska In 1977 Leopold moved to the Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research BTI in Ithaca New York as William H Crocker Scientist 1 He is known for being a pioneer in the study of the plant hormone auxin and later for work on desiccation tolerance in seeds and gravitropism He is the author with Paul Kriedemann of a widely used textbook on plant growth and development Seeds such as soybeans containing very high levels of protein can undergo desiccation yet survive and revive after water absorption Leopold began studying this capability at BTI in the mid 1980s He found soybeans and corn to have a range of soluble carbohydrates protecting the seed s cell viability by forming a glassy state rather than drying completely 2 Patents were awarded to him in the early 1990s on techniques for protecting biological membranes and proteins in the dry state Using the knowledge gleaned from studying the preservation of proteins in dry soybeans Leopold developed a method to preserve peptide hormones like insulin in the glassy state so that they can be pulverized into a powder and inhaled by diabetics as an alternative to self injection 3 His research on soybeans led to techniques that allowed insulin to be dried and later processed into an inhalable insulin named Exubera by Pfizer 4 Personal life and death editLeopold was active in science and environmental issues from his retirement in 1990 until his death in 2009 5 Leopold along with Ed Oyer Thomas Eisner Jim McConkey and Mary Woodson was a founding member of the Preposthumous Society who together founded Greensprings Natural Cemetery Preserve Leopold was the first member of the society to use it 6 He was the founding president of the Finger Lakes Land Trust in 1989 to preserve wild lands in the Finger Lakes region of New York He founded the Tropical Forestry Initiative in 1993 which developed new methods to restore tropical forest from grazing lands in Costa Rica and remained active until 2015 7 8 He was cofounder of the Aldo Leopold Society in 1982 to help people explore and apply Aldo Leopold s land ethic 9 References edit BTI Emeritus Scientist Carl Leopold dies at age 89 bti cornell edu Nov 24 2009 Archived from the original on 10 Jul 2012 Retrieved September 6 2011 Blackman SA Obendorf RL Leopold AC September 1992 Maturation Proteins and Sugars in Desiccation Tolerance of Developing Soybean Seeds Plant Physiol 100 1 225 230 doi 10 1104 pp 100 1 225 PMC 1075542 PMID 16652951 Ithaca journal https pqasb pqarchiver com ithacajournal access 1762528181 html FMT ABS amp FMTS ABS FT amp date Mar 22 2C 2006 amp author Andrew Tutino amp pub The Ithaca Journal amp edition amp startpage A 1 amp desc Cornell 27s Leopold sews seeds of breakthrough Archived 2017 05 11 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved September 13 2011 Pfizer s Exubera Flop Bloomberg Business October 18 2007 Archived from the original on July 5 2012 Retrieved September 13 2011 Mark Staves amp Randy Wayne December 3 2009 A Carl Leopold Lansing Star Archived from the original on July 26 2020 Retrieved December 3 2009 Lorbiecki Marybeth 2016 A Fierce Green Fire Aldo Leopold s Life and Legacy New York NY Oxford University Press Boyce Thompson Researchers Help Rescue Costa Rican Rain Forest Cornell Chronicle 2008 Leopold A C 2005 Toward Restoration of a Wet Tropical Forest in Costa Rica A Ten Year Report Ecological Restoration 23 4 230 234 doi 10 3368 er 23 4 230 JSTOR 43443090 S2CID 86677609 Retrieved 21 September 2021 Aldo Leopold Society Retrieved 21 September 2021 Works editAuxins and Plant Growth 1955 1960 Plant Growth and Development 1964 1975 External links editObituary Lansing Star Cornell Chronicle USFS film Green Fire on life and legacy of Aldo Leopold father of Carl Eulogy given December 13 2009 by Randy Wayne biologist Finger Lakes Land Trust Tropical Forestry Initiative Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title A Carl Leopold amp oldid 1201939809, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
