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38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot

October 20, 2023

The 38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1705. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 80th Regiment of Foot (Staffordshire Volunteers) to form the South Staffordshire Regiment in 1881.

38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot
Active1705–1881
Country Kingdom of England (1705–1707)
 Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800)
 United Kingdom (1801–1881)
Branch British Army
TypeInfantry
Size1 battalion (2 battalions 1804–1814)
Garrison/HQWhittington Barracks, Lichfield
EngagementsAmerican Revolutionary War
French Revolutionary Wars
Napoleonic Wars
Fifth Xhosa War
First Anglo-Burmese War
Crimean War
Indian Rebellion

History Edit

Early years Edit

 
Luke Lillingston, founder of the regiment
 
Plaque outside The King's Head in Lichfield commemorating the founding of the regiment in March 1705
 
Soldier of 38th regiment, 1742
 
The remnants of the regiment's light company parade before Lieutenant-General Sir John Campbell in 1855
 
Uniforms of the 38th Regiment, 1856

The regiment was first raised by Colonel Sir John Guise as Sir John Guise's Regiment of Foot in 1688 and then disbanded in England in 1694.[1] It was raised a second time by General Luke Lillingston as Luke Lillingstone's Regiment of Foot with personnel from the previous regiment in 1694 and then disbanded in the West Indies in 1696.[1]

The regiment was raised a third time at Lichfield by General Luke Lillingston as Luke Lillingstone's Regiment of Foot in March 1705.[1] It was ranked as the 38th regiment in 1747.[1] It was posted to Ireland later in the year and then sent to the West Indies in 1707.[2] On 1 July 1751 a royal warrant was issued which provided that in future regiments would no longer be known by their colonel's name, but would bear a regimental number based on their precedence: the regiment became the 38th Regiment of Foot.[1] It returned to Ireland in 1764 and then went to Boston in Massachusetts in 1774.[2] It fought at the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775 and at the Battle of Brandywine in September 1777 during the American Revolutionary War.[2] The regiment took a county title as the 38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot in 1782[1] and returned to Ireland in 1790.[3]

Napoleonic wars Edit

Following the outbreak of war with France,[3] the flank companies of the regiment sailed for the West Indies and in March 1794 took part in the capture of Martinique. Meanwhile, the battalion companies of the 38th served in the Low Countries with the Duke of York. In 1796 the regiment was reunited in the West Indies and in May 1796 took part in the capture of Saint Lucia and the capture of Trinidad in 1797. After taking part in the capture of the Cape of Good Hope in January 1806, it embarked for South America where it fought under General William Beresford at the capture of Montevideo in January 1807 and at the attack on Buenos Aires in July 1807 during the British invasions of the River Plate.[3]

The 1st battalion embarked for the Peninsula in June 1808 and saw action at the Battle of Roliça in August 1808, the Battle of Vimeiro later in August 1808, and the retreat to Corunna under Lieutenant-General Sir John Moore in June 1809.[4] The 1st battalion also took part in the disastrous Walcheren Campaign in autumn 1809.[4] The 1st battalion returned to the Peninsula in spring 1812 and took part in the Battle of Salamanca in July 1812,[5] the siege of Burgos in September 1812,[6] and the Battle of Vitoria in June 1813[7] as well as the siege of San Sebastián in September 1813.[8] It then pursued the French Army into France and fought at the Battle of Nivelle in November 1813,[9] at the Battle of the Nive in December 1813[9] and at the Battle of Orthez in February 1814[9] as well as at the Battle of Toulouse in April 1814[9] and at the Battle of Bayonne later in April 1814.[9] Meanwhile, the 2nd battalion took part in the Battle of Bussaco in September 1810 and the siege of Badajoz in March 1812.[4]

The Victorian era Edit

The regiment was sent to the Cape of Good Hope for service in the Fifth Xhosa War in 1818 and then to India in 1822 from where it was deployed to Burma for service in the First Anglo-Burmese War in 1824.[10] It returned to England in May 1836 and proceeded to Ireland in May 1837 before embarking for Zante in the Ionian Sea in September 1840.[10] It went on to Gibraltar in March 1843 and to Jamaica in November 1845 before proceeding to Halifax, Nova Scotia in April 1848.[10] After returning to England in August 1851, it was dispatched to the Crimea for service in the Crimean War in April 1854.[10] It took part in the Battle of the Alma in September 1854, Battle of Inkerman in November 1854 and the siege of Sevastopol in winter 1854.[11] The regiment then embarked for India in August 1857 and saw action at the Capture of Lucknow in March 1858 during Indian Rebellion.[11] It also took part in the expedition against the Black Mountain tribes in 1868 before returning to England in 1871.[2]

As part of the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s, where single-battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom, the 38th was linked with the 80th Regiment of Foot (Staffordshire Volunteers), and assigned to district no. 19 at Whittington Barracks in Lichfield.[12] On 1 July 1881 the Childers Reforms came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with the 80th Regiment of Foot (Staffordshire Volunteers) to form the South Staffordshire Regiment.[1]

Battle honours Edit

The battle honours of the regiment were as follows:[1]

Regimental colonels Edit

The colonels of the regiment were as follows:[1]

First raising
  • 1688–1689: Sir John Guise
  • 1689–1693: Jonathan Foulkes
  • 1693-1694: Brig-Gen. Luke Lillingston
  • disbanded 1694
Second raising
Third raising
38th Regiment of Foot
38th (the 1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot - (1782)

References Edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i . regiments.org. Archived from the original on 21 June 2006. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d "38th (1st Staffordshire) Regiment of Foot". National Army Museum. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  3. ^ a b c Freer, p. 290
  4. ^ a b c Freer, p. 291
  5. ^ Freer, p. 294
  6. ^ Freer, p. 298
  7. ^ Freer, p. 305
  8. ^ Freer, p. 306
  9. ^ a b c d e Freer, p. 307
  10. ^ a b c d Freer, p. 308
  11. ^ a b Freer, p. 309
  12. ^ . Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 10 February 2006. Retrieved 16 October 2016.

Sources Edit

  • Freer, Major William J. (1915). The Thirty-Eighth Regiment of Foot, now the First Battalion of the South Staffordshire Regiment (PDF). Harrison & Sons.

Further reading Edit

  • Jones, James P. (1923). A history of the South Staffordshire Regiment (1705–1923). Whitehead Brothers (Wolverhampton).

October 20, 2023
38th, staffordshire, regiment, foot, infantry, regiment, british, army, raised, 1705, under, childers, reforms, amalgamated, with, 80th, regiment, foot, staffordshire, volunteers, form, south, staffordshire, regiment, 1881, active1705, 1881country, kingdom, en. The 38th 1st Staffordshire Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army raised in 1705 Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 80th Regiment of Foot Staffordshire Volunteers to form the South Staffordshire Regiment in 1881 38th 1st Staffordshire Regiment of FootActive1705 1881Country Kingdom of England 1705 1707 Kingdom of Great Britain 1707 1800 United Kingdom 1801 1881 Branch British ArmyTypeInfantrySize1 battalion 2 battalions 1804 1814 Garrison HQWhittington Barracks LichfieldEngagementsAmerican Revolutionary WarFrench Revolutionary WarsNapoleonic WarsFifth Xhosa WarFirst Anglo Burmese WarCrimean WarIndian Rebellion Contents 1 History 1 1 Early years 1 2 Napoleonic wars 1 3 The Victorian era 2 Battle honours 3 Regimental colonels 4 References 5 Sources 6 Further readingHistory EditEarly years Edit nbsp Luke Lillingston founder of the regiment nbsp Plaque outside The King s Head in Lichfield commemorating the founding of the regiment in March 1705 nbsp Soldier of 38th regiment 1742 nbsp The remnants of the regiment s light company parade before Lieutenant General Sir John Campbell in 1855 nbsp Uniforms of the 38th Regiment 1856The regiment was first raised by Colonel Sir John Guise as Sir John Guise s Regiment of Foot in 1688 and then disbanded in England in 1694 1 It was raised a second time by General Luke Lillingston as Luke Lillingstone s Regiment of Foot with personnel from the previous regiment in 1694 and then disbanded in the West Indies in 1696 1 The regiment was raised a third time at Lichfield by General Luke Lillingston as Luke Lillingstone s Regiment of Foot in March 1705 1 It was ranked as the 38th regiment in 1747 1 It was posted to Ireland later in the year and then sent to the West Indies in 1707 2 On 1 July 1751 a royal warrant was issued which provided that in future regiments would no longer be known by their colonel s name but would bear a regimental number based on their precedence the regiment became the 38th Regiment of Foot 1 It returned to Ireland in 1764 and then went to Boston in Massachusetts in 1774 2 It fought at the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775 and at the Battle of Brandywine in September 1777 during the American Revolutionary War 2 The regiment took a county title as the 38th 1st Staffordshire Regiment of Foot in 1782 1 and returned to Ireland in 1790 3 Napoleonic wars Edit Following the outbreak of war with France 3 the flank companies of the regiment sailed for the West Indies and in March 1794 took part in the capture of Martinique Meanwhile the battalion companies of the 38th served in the Low Countries with the Duke of York In 1796 the regiment was reunited in the West Indies and in May 1796 took part in the capture of Saint Lucia and the capture of Trinidad in 1797 After taking part in the capture of the Cape of Good Hope in January 1806 it embarked for South America where it fought under General William Beresford at the capture of Montevideo in January 1807 and at the attack on Buenos Aires in July 1807 during the British invasions of the River Plate 3 The 1st battalion embarked for the Peninsula in June 1808 and saw action at the Battle of Rolica in August 1808 the Battle of Vimeiro later in August 1808 and the retreat to Corunna under Lieutenant General Sir John Moore in June 1809 4 The 1st battalion also took part in the disastrous Walcheren Campaign in autumn 1809 4 The 1st battalion returned to the Peninsula in spring 1812 and took part in the Battle of Salamanca in July 1812 5 the siege of Burgos in September 1812 6 and the Battle of Vitoria in June 1813 7 as well as the siege of San Sebastian in September 1813 8 It then pursued the French Army into France and fought at the Battle of Nivelle in November 1813 9 at the Battle of the Nive in December 1813 9 and at the Battle of Orthez in February 1814 9 as well as at the Battle of Toulouse in April 1814 9 and at the Battle of Bayonne later in April 1814 9 Meanwhile the 2nd battalion took part in the Battle of Bussaco in September 1810 and the siege of Badajoz in March 1812 4 The Victorian era Edit The regiment was sent to the Cape of Good Hope for service in the Fifth Xhosa War in 1818 and then to India in 1822 from where it was deployed to Burma for service in the First Anglo Burmese War in 1824 10 It returned to England in May 1836 and proceeded to Ireland in May 1837 before embarking for Zante in the Ionian Sea in September 1840 10 It went on to Gibraltar in March 1843 and to Jamaica in November 1845 before proceeding to Halifax Nova Scotia in April 1848 10 After returning to England in August 1851 it was dispatched to the Crimea for service in the Crimean War in April 1854 10 It took part in the Battle of the Alma in September 1854 Battle of Inkerman in November 1854 and the siege of Sevastopol in winter 1854 11 The regiment then embarked for India in August 1857 and saw action at the Capture of Lucknow in March 1858 during Indian Rebellion 11 It also took part in the expedition against the Black Mountain tribes in 1868 before returning to England in 1871 2 As part of the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s where single battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom the 38th was linked with the 80th Regiment of Foot Staffordshire Volunteers and assigned to district no 19 at Whittington Barracks in Lichfield 12 On 1 July 1881 the Childers Reforms came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with the 80th Regiment of Foot Staffordshire Volunteers to form the South Staffordshire Regiment 1 Battle honours EditThe battle honours of the regiment were as follows 1 South America Monte Video Peninsular War Rolica Vimiera Corunna Busaco Badajoz Salamanca Vitoria San Sebastian Nive Peninsula First Anglo Burmese War Ava Crimean War Alma Inkerman Sevastopol Indian Mutiny Lucknow West Indies Guadeloupe 1759 Martinique 1762 awarded 1909 to successor regiment Regimental colonels EditThe colonels of the regiment were as follows 1 First raising1688 1689 Sir John Guise 1689 1693 Jonathan Foulkes 1693 1694 Brig Gen Luke Lillingston disbanded 1694Second raising1694 1696 Brig Gen Luke Lillingston disbanded 1696Third raising1702 1705 vacant 1705 1708 Brig Gen Luke Lillingston 1708 1711 Col James Jones 1711 1717 Col Francis Alexander 1717 1729 Col Richard Lucas 1729 1735 Brig Gen Edward Jones 1735 1738 Brig Gen Hon Robert Murray 1738 1739 Gen Charles Spencer 3rd Duke of Marlborough KG 1739 1750 Lt Gen Robert Dalzell 1750 October 1750 Lt Gen Richard Philipps38th Regiment of Foot1751 1756 Lt Gen Alexander Duroure 1756 1760 Maj Gen Sir James Ross Bt 1760 1761 Maj Gen David Watson 1761 1762 Maj Gen Andrew Robinson 1762 1766 Maj Gen Hon Sharrington Talbot 1766 1775 Lt Gen Cadwallader Blayney 9th Baron Blayney 1775 1796 Gen Sir Robert Pigot Bt 38th the 1st Staffordshire Regiment of Foot 1782 1796 1805 Gen James Rooke 1805 1836 Gen George James Ludlow 3rd Earl Ludlow GCB 1836 1836 Maj Gen Hon Sir Charles James Greville KCB 1836 1840 Gen Sir Henry Pigot GCMG 1840 1843 Lt Gen Sir Jasper Nicolls KCB 1843 1862 Gen Hon Sir Hugh Arbuthnot KCB 1862 1876 Gen Sir William Mansfield 1st Baron Sandhurst GCB GCSI 1876 1881 Gen James Pattoun Sparks CBReferences Edit a b c d e f g h i 38th 1st Staffordshire Regiment of Foot regiments org Archived from the original on 21 June 2006 Retrieved 4 September 2016 a b c d 38th 1st Staffordshire Regiment of Foot National Army Museum Retrieved 12 November 2016 a b c Freer p 290 a b c Freer p 291 Freer p 294 Freer p 298 Freer p 305 Freer p 306 a b c d e Freer p 307 a b c d Freer p 308 a b Freer p 309 Training Depots Regiments org Archived from the original on 10 February 2006 Retrieved 16 October 2016 Sources EditFreer Major William J 1915 The Thirty Eighth Regiment of Foot now the First Battalion of the South Staffordshire Regiment PDF Harrison amp Sons Further reading EditJones James P 1923 A history of the South Staffordshire Regiment 1705 1923 Whitehead Brothers Wolverhampton Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 38th 1st Staffordshire Regiment of Foot amp oldid 1175822566, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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