The 2N696 and 2N697 were the first silicon transistors manufactured in Silicon Valley, in 1958, by Fairchild Semiconductor. Fairchild introduced itself to the world via its advertisements for these transistors,[1] which were identical except for a post-manufacturing binning on current gain.[2][3]
The site of the original Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory features a sidewalk sculpture of a circuit that includes a Shockley diode and a 2N696 transistor, even though the 2N696 was made by the traitorous eight who defected from Shockley to start Fairchild Semiconductor.The first advertisement of a silicon transistor made in Silicon Valley, by Fairchild Semiconductor in 1958. The ad appeared in various publications; this scan is from Electronics, August 15, 1958. The 2N696 and 2N697 transistors described differ only in their current gain (2N696 15 to 30, 2N697 30 or higher).
The 2N696/2N697 NPN mesa transistor was developed by a team led by Gordon Moore.[4] The first batch of 100 was sold to IBM for $150 each (equivalent to $1,584 in 2023) in order to build the computer for the B-70 bomber. More transistors were sold to Autonetics to build the guidance system for the Minuteman ballistic missile.
The 2N696 and 2N697 were popular devices, quickly copied by several other semiconductor companies, including Texas Instruments,[5] Rheem Semiconductor,[6] and others including Hoffman Electronics Corp. and Industro Transistor Corp.[7] In a 1960 advertisement, Fairchild bragged, "The Fairchild 2N696 and 2N697 are the world's most copied transistors. We have now copied them ourselves in scaled down versions. The 2N717 and 2N718 are exactly the same as these popular types but packaged in the TO-18 case. They occupy 1/3 the volume of the standard TO-5, making them ideal for high-density equipment designs."[8]
Referencesedit
^Christophe Lécuyer and David C. Brock (2010). Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor. MIT Press. pp. 127–129. ISBN9780262294324. The advertisement also promoted Fairchild Semiconductor, presenting a very specific image of the firm. It presented a new and unknown firm, by emphasizing expertise in diffusion, research prowess, and manufacturing capability.
^Christophe Lécuyer and David C. Brock (2010). Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor. MIT Press. p. 280. ISBN9780262294324. Both transistors were made with the same manufacturing process. They were sorted out from one another during testing.
^National Symposium on Reliability and Quality Control vol. 8. 1962. The 2N696-7 series is a high speed, medium power, double-diffused mesa transistor encapsulated in a JEDEC TO-5 package. Parameter limits are the same for the 2N696 and 2N697 except for the range of hFE.
^"Silicon Mesa Transistors Enter Commercial Production". computerhistory.com. Retrieved 2018-09-21.
^Electronic Design vol. 7. Hayden Publishing Company. 1959. p. 329. Available now in production quantities...TI 2N696 and TI 2N697 multi-purpose silicon 'mesa' units for amplifier, switching and medium-power applications. Produced by the pioneer of the diffused-base process, these highly-reliable 'mesa' units feature . . . 2-w maximum power dissipation . . . beta spreads of 20–60 (TI 2N696) and 40–120 (TI 2N697) . . . 10-ohm maximum saturation resistance.
^Lojek, Bo (2007). History of Semiconductor Engineering. Springer. p. 116. ISBN9783540342588. Baldwin's business plan was based on an assumption that Rheem could produce a better mesa silicon transistor and be the first on the market with an epitaxial device. Rheem produced a better 2N697 device; the problem was that Lippincott, Ralls and Hendricson, Fairchild's legal counsel, filled suit against Rheem. The court marshals raided Rheem premises and found the Fairchild's proprietary material which Ed and his group took from Fairchild.
^Solid State Technology vol. 3. Cowan Publishing Corporation. 1960.
^Several electronics-industry magazines carried the Fairchild ad "New Numbers – Same Popular Transistors" in 1960, including: Electronics vol. 33, McGraw-Hill Publishing Company; Semiconductor Products vol. 3, Cowan Publishing Corporation; Electronic Design vol. 8, Hayden Publishing Company.
External linksedit
The Transistor Museum – photo of an original Fairchild 2N697
This technology-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
2n696, 2n697, were, first, silicon, transistors, manufactured, silicon, valley, 1958, fairchild, semiconductor, fairchild, introduced, itself, world, advertisements, these, transistors, which, were, identical, except, post, manufacturing, binning, current, gai. The 2N696 and 2N697 were the first silicon transistors manufactured in Silicon Valley in 1958 by Fairchild Semiconductor Fairchild introduced itself to the world via its advertisements for these transistors 1 which were identical except for a post manufacturing binning on current gain 2 3 The site of the original Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory features a sidewalk sculpture of a circuit that includes a Shockley diode and a 2N696 transistor even though the 2N696 was made by the traitorous eight who defected from Shockley to start Fairchild Semiconductor The first advertisement of a silicon transistor made in Silicon Valley by Fairchild Semiconductor in 1958 The ad appeared in various publications this scan is from Electronics August 15 1958 The 2N696 and 2N697 transistors described differ only in their current gain 2N696 15 to 30 2N697 30 or higher The 2N696 2N697 NPN mesa transistor was developed by a team led by Gordon Moore 4 The first batch of 100 was sold to IBM for 150 each equivalent to 1 584 in 2023 in order to build the computer for the B 70 bomber More transistors were sold to Autonetics to build the guidance system for the Minuteman ballistic missile The 2N696 and 2N697 were popular devices quickly copied by several other semiconductor companies including Texas Instruments 5 Rheem Semiconductor 6 and others including Hoffman Electronics Corp and Industro Transistor Corp 7 In a 1960 advertisement Fairchild bragged The Fairchild 2N696 and 2N697 are the world s most copied transistors We have now copied them ourselves in scaled down versions The 2N717 and 2N718 are exactly the same as these popular types but packaged in the TO 18 case They occupy 1 3 the volume of the standard TO 5 making them ideal for high density equipment designs 8 References edit Christophe Lecuyer and David C Brock 2010 Makers of the Microchip A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor MIT Press pp 127 129 ISBN 9780262294324 The advertisement also promoted Fairchild Semiconductor presenting a very specific image of the firm It presented a new and unknown firm by emphasizing expertise in diffusion research prowess and manufacturing capability Christophe Lecuyer and David C Brock 2010 Makers of the Microchip A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor MIT Press p 280 ISBN 9780262294324 Both transistors were made with the same manufacturing process They were sorted out from one another during testing National Symposium on Reliability and Quality Control vol 8 1962 The 2N696 7 series is a high speed medium power double diffused mesa transistor encapsulated in a JEDEC TO 5 package Parameter limits are the same for the 2N696 and 2N697 except for the range of hFE Silicon Mesa Transistors Enter Commercial Production computerhistory com Retrieved 2018 09 21 Electronic Design vol 7 Hayden Publishing Company 1959 p 329 Available now in production quantities TI 2N696 and TI 2N697 multi purpose silicon mesa units for amplifier switching and medium power applications Produced by the pioneer of the diffused base process these highly reliable mesa units feature 2 w maximum power dissipation beta spreads of 20 60 TI 2N696 and 40 120 TI 2N697 10 ohm maximum saturation resistance Lojek Bo 2007 History of Semiconductor Engineering Springer p 116 ISBN 9783540342588 Baldwin s business plan was based on an assumption that Rheem could produce a better mesa silicon transistor and be the first on the market with an epitaxial device Rheem produced a better 2N697 device the problem was that Lippincott Ralls and Hendricson Fairchild s legal counsel filled suit against Rheem The court marshals raided Rheem premises and found the Fairchild s proprietary material which Ed and his group took from Fairchild Solid State Technology vol 3 Cowan Publishing Corporation 1960 Several electronics industry magazines carried the Fairchild ad New Numbers Same Popular Transistors in 1960 including Electronics vol 33 McGraw Hill Publishing Company Semiconductor Products vol 3 Cowan Publishing Corporation Electronic Design vol 8 Hayden Publishing Company External links editThe Transistor Museum photo of an original Fairchild 2N697 nbsp This technology related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2N696 amp oldid 1135786842, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
