The 26 March 1991 Malian coup d'état resulted in the overthrow of President Moussa Traoré after over two decades of dictatorship[1] and eventually led to multi-party elections.
In 1968, Traoré had himself led a military coup d'état, ousting the first president of Mali, Modibo Keïta, and making himself the second.[1] On 25 October 1990, opposition to his decades-long rule coalesced into the Alliance for Democracy in Mali (ADEMA), an umbrella organization for opposition groups. Unrest grew as the people blamed the regime's corruption and mismanagement for the economic troubles they faced.[2] Further, Traoré had to institute austerity programs to satisfy the International Monetary Fund, causing increased hardship for all but the rich.[3]
ADEMA and other pro-democracy groups demanded the end of the one-party state. On 22 March, tens of thousands of students and others marched through the streets of Bamako, the nation's capital. Government soldiers fired on the peaceful demonstrators, killing 28 and setting off days of rioting.[1] Sources vary as to the toll: the opposition claimed 148 killed and hundreds wounded, while Traoré said there were 27 deaths.[1] Traoré declared a state of emergency and met with opposition leaders. He offered concessions, but refused to step down as they demanded. A general strike was called for 25 March.[4] This time, the soldiers had had enough and did nothing to stop it.
Coup
Lieutenant Colonel Amadou Toumani Touré launched a coup that deposed Traoré.[1][4] As news spread, hospital sources reported at least another 59 dead and 200 wounded, including revenge killings.[4] Education Minister Bakary Traore and Mamadou Diarra, the former leader's brother-in-law, were burned to death.[1]
The National Reconciliation Council (soon renamed the Transitional Committee for the Salvation of the People), chaired by Touré, was set up to run the country temporarily, until civilian government was reestablished in 1992 after constitutional referendum, presidential and parliamentary elections.
Aftermath
Former President Moussa Traoré was imprisoned in 1992 and sentenced to death.[5] However, President Alpha Oumar Konaré first commuted his sentence to life imprisonment,[5] then pardoned him and his wife in May 2002 as Konaré's term in office came to an end.[6]
^Harmon, Stephen A. (9 March 2016). Terror and Insurgency in the Sahara-Sahel Region: Corruption, Contraband, Jihad and the Mali War of 2012-2013. Routledge. p. 72. ISBN9781317046066.
^"Mali's March Revolution (1991)". International Center on Nonviolent Conflict. Retrieved 31 October 2022.
^ abc"Leader of Mali Coup Promises Democracy". Los Angeles Times. 27 March 1991.
^ ab"Former Malian president escapes death again". BBC. 22 September 1999.
^"Release of Moussa Traore makes front-page news in Mali". PanaPress. 30 May 2002.
January 28, 2023
1991, malian, coup, état, march, resulted, overthrow, president, moussa, traoré, after, over, decades, dictatorship, eventually, multi, party, elections, datemarch, 1991locationbamako, maliresultcoup, succeeds, moussa, traoré, ousted, amadou, toumani, touré, t. The 26 March 1991 Malian coup d etat resulted in the overthrow of President Moussa Traore after over two decades of dictatorship 1 and eventually led to multi party elections 1991 Malian coup d etatDateMarch 26 1991LocationBamako MaliResultCoup succeeds Moussa Traore ousted Amadou Toumani Toure took control of the countryBelligerentsGovernment of MaliArmy factionCommanders and leadersMoussa TraoreAmadou Toumani Toure Contents 1 Background 2 Coup 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 ReferencesBackground EditIn 1968 Traore had himself led a military coup d etat ousting the first president of Mali Modibo Keita and making himself the second 1 On 25 October 1990 opposition to his decades long rule coalesced into the Alliance for Democracy in Mali ADEMA an umbrella organization for opposition groups Unrest grew as the people blamed the regime s corruption and mismanagement for the economic troubles they faced 2 Further Traore had to institute austerity programs to satisfy the International Monetary Fund causing increased hardship for all but the rich 3 ADEMA and other pro democracy groups demanded the end of the one party state On 22 March tens of thousands of students and others marched through the streets of Bamako the nation s capital Government soldiers fired on the peaceful demonstrators killing 28 and setting off days of rioting 1 Sources vary as to the toll the opposition claimed 148 killed and hundreds wounded while Traore said there were 27 deaths 1 Traore declared a state of emergency and met with opposition leaders He offered concessions but refused to step down as they demanded A general strike was called for 25 March 4 This time the soldiers had had enough and did nothing to stop it Coup EditLieutenant Colonel Amadou Toumani Toure launched a coup that deposed Traore 1 4 As news spread hospital sources reported at least another 59 dead and 200 wounded including revenge killings 4 Education Minister Bakary Traore and Mamadou Diarra the former leader s brother in law were burned to death 1 The National Reconciliation Council soon renamed the Transitional Committee for the Salvation of the People chaired by Toure was set up to run the country temporarily until civilian government was reestablished in 1992 after constitutional referendum presidential and parliamentary elections Aftermath EditFormer President Moussa Traore was imprisoned in 1992 and sentenced to death 5 However President Alpha Oumar Konare first commuted his sentence to life imprisonment 5 then pardoned him and his wife in May 2002 as Konare s term in office came to an end 6 See also Edit Mali portal1968 Malian coup d etat 2012 Malian coup d etat 2020 Malian coup d etatReferences Edit a b c d e f Mali s Dictator Is Overthrown in Coup The New York Times Associated Press 27 March 1991 Harmon Stephen A 9 March 2016 Terror and Insurgency in the Sahara Sahel Region Corruption Contraband Jihad and the Mali War of 2012 2013 Routledge p 72 ISBN 9781317046066 Mali s March Revolution 1991 International Center on Nonviolent Conflict Retrieved 31 October 2022 a b c Leader of Mali Coup Promises Democracy Los Angeles Times 27 March 1991 a b Former Malian president escapes death again BBC 22 September 1999 Release of Moussa Traore makes front page news in Mali PanaPress 30 May 2002 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1991 Malian coup d 27etat amp oldid 1119248415, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
