The 1941 Sa'dah earthquake or the Jabal Razih earthquake occurred on January 11 in Razih District of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen. The earthquake had a surface-wave magnitude of 5.8–6.5 and a shallow focal depth.[3][1] Despite the moderate size of this earthquake, an estimated 1,200 people perished and at least 200 injured.[2] With a maximum MSK-64 intensity assigned at VIII,[4] it destroyed many villages and collapsed homes in the region of North Yemen.[5]
Western Yemen is located near the southwestern point of the Arabian Plate. At this location lies the Afar Triple Junction, where it meets the Nubian and Somali plates at three divergent boundaries. The three plates are rifting apart; extensional tectonics stretch the plates and eventually form new oceanic crust, in the case of the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, where active rifting is ongoing. The extension causes normal faulting to break within the crust and cause earthquakes.
The most recent major seismic activity related to the regional tectonics were a series of six magnitude 6.0+ earthquakes in Djibouti and Ethiopia in 1989. The largest shock had a moment magnitude of 6.5 and resulted in two deaths.[6]
Foreshocksedit
The earthquake was preceded by slight foreshocks that began days before the mainshock struck. A damaging foreshock occurred at noon on January 9, causing destruction in Al Hudaydah.[2]
Damageedit
The mainshock occurred at mid-day with an estimated surface-wave magnitude of between 5.8 and 6.2 while some estimates suggests it was up to Ms 6.5. This strong earthquake was felt in the Al Darbgovernorate of neighboring Saudi Arabia and as far as Assab in present-day Eritrea, then part of Ethiopia.[7] In all, a total of 1,200 people were killed and some 1,700 homes were lost.[4] Another 400 homes suffered damage so serious, they had to be demolished.[4]
Aftershocksedit
Many aftershocks were felt every day up until the second week of March.[7] These aftershocks worsened the damage caused by the mainshock. Two large aftershocks occurred at 09:18 on 4 February and at 19:03 on 23 February. The first aftershock had a magnitude of 5.2 and was reported from Haidan, Khaulan, al-Zahir, and Wadi al-'Abidin near Sa'da, causing landslides. Damage was also reported from Abu Arish and Sabiya to the northwest and Harad to the southwest. The second aftershock of 23 February was reported from al-Hudaida, Bait al-Faqih, al-Sa'id, and Bura, and caused significant damage.[2][7]
^ abc"ISC: On-Line Bulletin". International Seismological Centre Online Event Bibliography. International Seismological Centre. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
^ abcd"Significant Earthquake Information". ngdc.noaa.gov. NCEI. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
^N. N. Ambraseys; C. P. Melville (1983). "Seismicity of Yemen". Nature. 303 (5915): 321–323. Bibcode:1983Natur.303..321A. doi:10.1038/303321a0. S2CID 4337703. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
^ abcRakesh Mohindra (2012). Yamaoka Koshun (ed.). "Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for Yemen". International Journal of Geophysics. 2012: 1–14. doi:10.1155/2012/304235.
^P.C. Thenhaus; Sylvester Theodore Algermissen; D.M. Perkins; S.L. Hanson; W.H. Diment (1989). "Probabilistic estimates of the seismic ground-motion hazard in western Saudi Arabia" (PDF). U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin (1868). U.S. Geological Survey Federal Center. doi:10.3133/b1868. hdl:2027/msu.31293017316617. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
^"M 6.5 - 12 km ENE of Gâlâfi, Djibouti". earthquake.usgs.gov. USGS. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
The International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and/or authoritative data for this event.
January 01, 1970
1941, jabal, razih, earthquake, 1941, earthquake, jabal, razih, earthquake, occurred, january, razih, district, mutawakkilite, kingdom, yemen, earthquake, surface, wave, magnitude, shallow, focal, depth, despite, moderate, size, this, earthquake, estimated, pe. The 1941 Sa dah earthquake or the Jabal Razih earthquake occurred on January 11 in Razih District of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen The earthquake had a surface wave magnitude of 5 8 6 5 and a shallow focal depth 3 1 Despite the moderate size of this earthquake an estimated 1 200 people perished and at least 200 injured 2 With a maximum MSK 64 intensity assigned at VIII 4 it destroyed many villages and collapsed homes in the region of North Yemen 5 1941 Jabal Razih earthquakeUTC time1941 01 11 08 31 48ISC event900618USGS ANSSComCatLocal dateJanuary 11 1941 1941 01 11 Magnitude5 8 6 5 Ms 1 Depth35 0 km 1 Epicenter16 24 N 43 30 E 16 4 N 43 5 E 16 4 43 5 2 Areas affectedMutawakkilite Kingdom of YemenMax intensityMSK 64 VIII Damaging Aftershocks5 8 Ms amp 5 2 Ms Casualties1 200 dead200 injured Contents 1 Tectonic setting 2 Foreshocks 3 Damage 4 Aftershocks 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksTectonic setting editWestern Yemen is located near the southwestern point of the Arabian Plate At this location lies the Afar Triple Junction where it meets the Nubian and Somali plates at three divergent boundaries The three plates are rifting apart extensional tectonics stretch the plates and eventually form new oceanic crust in the case of the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea where active rifting is ongoing The extension causes normal faulting to break within the crust and cause earthquakes The most recent major seismic activity related to the regional tectonics were a series of six magnitude 6 0 earthquakes in Djibouti and Ethiopia in 1989 The largest shock had a moment magnitude of 6 5 and resulted in two deaths 6 Foreshocks editThe earthquake was preceded by slight foreshocks that began days before the mainshock struck A damaging foreshock occurred at noon on January 9 causing destruction in Al Hudaydah 2 Damage editThe mainshock occurred at mid day with an estimated surface wave magnitude of between 5 8 and 6 2 while some estimates suggests it was up to Ms 6 5 This strong earthquake was felt in the Al Darb governorate of neighboring Saudi Arabia and as far as Assab in present day Eritrea then part of Ethiopia 7 In all a total of 1 200 people were killed and some 1 700 homes were lost 4 Another 400 homes suffered damage so serious they had to be demolished 4 Aftershocks editMany aftershocks were felt every day up until the second week of March 7 These aftershocks worsened the damage caused by the mainshock Two large aftershocks occurred at 09 18 on 4 February and at 19 03 on 23 February The first aftershock had a magnitude of 5 2 and was reported from Haidan Khaulan al Zahir and Wadi al Abidin near Sa da causing landslides Damage was also reported from Abu Arish and Sabiya to the northwest and Harad to the southwest The second aftershock of 23 February was reported from al Hudaida Bait al Faqih al Sa id and Bura and caused significant damage 2 7 See also edit1982 North Yemen earthquake List of earthquakes in 1941 List of earthquakes in Yemen List of earthquakes in Saudi ArabiaReferences edit a b c ISC On Line Bulletin International Seismological Centre Online Event Bibliography International Seismological Centre Retrieved 17 July 2021 a b c d Significant Earthquake Information ngdc noaa gov NCEI Retrieved 17 July 2021 N N Ambraseys C P Melville 1983 Seismicity of Yemen Nature 303 5915 321 323 Bibcode 1983Natur 303 321A doi 10 1038 303321a0 S2CID 4337703 Retrieved 17 July 2021 a b c Rakesh Mohindra 2012 Yamaoka Koshun ed Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for Yemen International Journal of Geophysics 2012 1 14 doi 10 1155 2012 304235 P C Thenhaus Sylvester Theodore Algermissen D M Perkins S L Hanson W H Diment 1989 Probabilistic estimates of the seismic ground motion hazard in western Saudi Arabia PDF U S Geological Survey Bulletin 1868 U S Geological Survey Federal Center doi 10 3133 b1868 hdl 2027 msu 31293017316617 Retrieved 17 July 2021 M 6 5 12 km ENE of Galafi Djibouti earthquake usgs gov USGS Retrieved 17 July 2021 a b c Nicholas Ambraseys Charles P Melville Richard D Adams 2005 The Seismicity of Egypt Arabia and the Red Sea A Historical Review Cambridge University Press p 204 ISBN 9780521020251 External links editThe International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and or authoritative data for this event Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1941 Jabal Razih earthquake amp oldid 1199411656, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
