Ever since the passage of a new constitution in 1898, Louisiana had been a one-party state dominated by the Democratic Party. The Republican Party became moribund due to the disenfranchisement of blacks and the complete absence of other support bases as the Pelican State completely lacked upland or German refugee whites opposed to secession.[1] Despite this absolute single-party dominance, non-partisan tendencies remained strong among wealthy sugar planters in Acadiana and within the business elite of New Orleans.[2]
Following disfranchisement, the state’s politics became dominated by the Choctaw Club of Louisiana, generally called the “Old Regulars”. This political machine was based in New Orleans and united with Black Beltcotton planters.[3] Opposition emerged in the north and west of the state vis the Socialist Party, who elected a few officials in Winn Parish between 1908 and 1912,[4] and by the Industrial Workers of the World in the lumbering parishes of Imperial Calcasieu.[5] This opposition was mortally weakened almost immediately after the 1912 election by the unresolved conflict between electoral and antipolitical strategies for reform.[6] Stronger opposition came via the Progressive movement soon after, although this time in the southern sugarcane-growing parishes, where conflicts with President Wilson’s Underwoood-Simmons Act[7] even allowed a Progressive Party member in Whitmell P. Martin[a] to be elected to the Third Congressional District in 1914.
Whereas Theodore Roosevelt’s Progressive Party disintegrated after the 1914 elections in most of the United States, in Louisiana it had a brief revival during the following election cycle as John M. Parker, a long-time business progressive[8] and wealthy landowner[9] ran for Governor against Democratic primary winner Ruffin G. Pleasant in April 1916, and at the same time sixteen Progressives were elected to the state legislature, the first time any non-Democrat had been so elected since before the 1898 Constitution. Despite carrying sixteen parishes – mostly in the sugar belt – Parker carried only 38 percent of the vote.[10]
However, this would be the high point of the Progressive movement in Louisiana. Parker was nominated for Vice-President by the national Progressive Party, but when Roosevelt declined the presidential place on this ticket and endorsed national Republican nominee Charles Evans Hughes, the top spot was left empty and Parker endorsed incumbent President Wilson.[10] Despite this, opposition to Wilson’s tariff policy in the sugar parishes was sufficient that the Progressive ticket did very well in this area, becoming the first non-Democrat to carry any Louisiana parish since 1900.
^These Socialist votes were not separated by parish but given only as a statewide total.
^ abcdefghijkIn this parish where Hughes ran third behind Wilson and the unpledged Progressive slate, margin given is Wilson vote minus Progressive vote and percentage margin Wilson percentage minus Progressive percentage.
^Schott, Matthew J. (Summer 1979). "Progressives against Democracy: Electoral Reform in Louisiana, 1894-1921". Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 20 (3): 247–260.
^Wall, Bennett H.; Rodriguez, John C. Louisiana: A History. pp. 274–275. ISBN1118619293.
^Collin, Richard H. (Winter 1971). "Theodore Roosevelt's Visit to New Orleans and the Progressive Campaign of 1914". Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 12 (1): 5–19.
^Schott, Matthew J. (Spring 1983). "The New Orleans Machine and Progressivism". Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 24 (2): 141–153.
^Hair, William Ivy. The Kingfish and His Realm. ISBN0807145661.
^ abCowan, Walter Greaves; McGuire, Jack B. Louisiana Governors: Rulers, Rascals, and Reformers. p. 151. ISBN1604733209.
^Dave Leip. "1916 Presidential General Election Results – Louisiana". Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.
October 21, 2023
1916, united, states, presidential, election, louisiana, main, article, 1916, united, states, presidential, election, took, place, november, 1916, part, 1916, united, states, presidential, election, voters, chose, representatives, electors, electoral, college,. Main article 1916 United States presidential election The 1916 United States presidential election in Louisiana took place on November 7 1916 as part of the 1916 United States presidential election Voters chose ten representatives or electors to the Electoral College who voted for president and vice president 1916 United States presidential election in Louisiana 1912 November 7 1916 1916 11 07 1920 Nominee Woodrow Wilson Charles Evans Hughes No candidateParty Democratic Republican ProgressiveHome state New Jersey New York N ARunning mate Thomas R Marshall Charles W Fairbanks John M ParkerElectoral vote 10 0 0Popular vote 79 875 6 466 6 349Percentage 85 90 6 95 6 83 Parish Results Wilson 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 No Candidate 40 50 50 60 President before electionWoodrow WilsonDemocratic Elected President Woodrow WilsonDemocraticEver since the passage of a new constitution in 1898 Louisiana had been a one party state dominated by the Democratic Party The Republican Party became moribund due to the disenfranchisement of blacks and the complete absence of other support bases as the Pelican State completely lacked upland or German refugee whites opposed to secession 1 Despite this absolute single party dominance non partisan tendencies remained strong among wealthy sugar planters in Acadiana and within the business elite of New Orleans 2 Following disfranchisement the state s politics became dominated by the Choctaw Club of Louisiana generally called the Old Regulars This political machine was based in New Orleans and united with Black Belt cotton planters 3 Opposition emerged in the north and west of the state vis the Socialist Party who elected a few officials in Winn Parish between 1908 and 1912 4 and by the Industrial Workers of the World in the lumbering parishes of Imperial Calcasieu 5 This opposition was mortally weakened almost immediately after the 1912 election by the unresolved conflict between electoral and antipolitical strategies for reform 6 Stronger opposition came via the Progressive movement soon after although this time in the southern sugarcane growing parishes where conflicts with President Wilson s Underwoood Simmons Act 7 even allowed a Progressive Party member in Whitmell P Martin a to be elected to the Third Congressional District in 1914 Whereas Theodore Roosevelt s Progressive Party disintegrated after the 1914 elections in most of the United States in Louisiana it had a brief revival during the following election cycle as John M Parker a long time business progressive 8 and wealthy landowner 9 ran for Governor against Democratic primary winner Ruffin G Pleasant in April 1916 and at the same time sixteen Progressives were elected to the state legislature the first time any non Democrat had been so elected since before the 1898 Constitution Despite carrying sixteen parishes mostly in the sugar belt Parker carried only 38 percent of the vote 10 However this would be the high point of the Progressive movement in Louisiana Parker was nominated for Vice President by the national Progressive Party but when Roosevelt declined the presidential place on this ticket and endorsed national Republican nominee Charles Evans Hughes the top spot was left empty and Parker endorsed incumbent President Wilson 10 Despite this opposition to Wilson s tariff policy in the sugar parishes was sufficient that the Progressive ticket did very well in this area becoming the first non Democrat to carry any Louisiana parish since 1900 Contents 1 Results 1 1 Results by parish 2 See also 3 Notes 4 ReferencesResults EditPresidential Candidate Running Mate Party Electoral Vote EV Popular Vote PV Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey Thomas R Marshall Democratic 10 11 79 875 85 90 Charles Evans Hughes Charles W Fairbanks Republican 0 6 466 6 95 John M Parker Progressive 0 6 349 6 83 Allan L Benson George Ross Kirkpatrick Socialist 0 292 b 0 31 Results by parish Edit 1916 United States presidential election in Louisiana by parish Parish Thomas Woodrow Wilson Democratic Charles Evans Hughes Republican No candidate Progressive Margin Total votes cast Acadia 1 165 83 87 202 14 54 22 1 58 963 69 33 1 389Allen 708 89 51 81 10 24 2 0 25 627 79 27 791Ascension 531 76 07 106 15 19 61 8 74 425 60 89 698Assumption 489 45 15 221 20 41 373 34 44 116 c 10 71 1 083Avoyelles 1 253 95 72 44 3 36 12 0 92 1 209 92 36 1 309Beauregard 968 94 07 59 5 73 2 0 19 909 88 34 1 029Bienville 1 229 98 01 20 1 59 5 0 40 1 209 96 41 1 254Bossier 675 98 68 9 1 32 0 0 00 666 97 37 684Caddo 3 109 95 25 151 4 63 4 0 12 2 958 90 63 3 264Calcasieu 1 798 91 13 165 8 36 10 0 51 1 633 82 77 1 973Caldwell 554 96 01 20 3 47 3 0 52 534 92 55 577Cameron 163 94 22 10 5 78 0 0 00 153 88 44 173Catahoula 459 95 63 20 4 17 1 0 21 439 91 46 480Claiborne 1 276 98 76 15 1 16 1 0 08 1 261 97 60 1 292Concordia 264 95 31 10 3 61 3 1 08 254 91 70 277De Soto 1 104 98 48 17 1 52 0 0 00 1 087 96 97 1 121East Baton Rouge 1 482 89 98 130 7 89 35 2 13 1 352 82 09 1 647East Carroll 219 98 65 3 1 35 0 0 00 216 97 30 222East Feliciana 489 95 69 21 4 11 1 0 20 468 91 59 511Evangeline 808 92 77 26 2 99 37 4 25 771 c 88 52 871Franklin 684 98 56 10 1 44 0 0 00 674 97 12 694Grant 640 94 81 31 4 59 4 0 59 609 90 22 675Iberia 802 44 90 134 7 50 850 47 59 48 c 2 69 1 786Iberville 471 72 02 160 24 46 23 3 52 311 47 55 654Jackson 980 97 13 27 2 68 2 0 20 953 94 45 1 009Jefferson 1 041 94 21 56 5 07 8 0 72 985 89 14 1 105Jefferson Davis 656 75 14 200 22 91 17 1 95 456 52 23 873Lafayette 1 066 66 01 73 4 52 476 29 47 590 c 36 53 1 615Lafourche 629 32 51 157 8 11 1 149 59 38 520 c 26 87 1 935La Salle 610 95 61 20 3 13 8 1 25 590 92 48 638Lincoln 932 95 30 42 4 29 4 0 41 890 91 00 978Livingston 503 90 47 35 6 29 18 3 24 468 84 17 556Madison 187 99 47 1 0 53 0 0 00 186 98 94 188Morehouse 564 99 30 3 0 53 1 0 18 561 98 77 568Natchitoches 1 181 95 78 45 3 65 7 0 57 1 136 92 13 1 233Orleans 30 936 91 03 2 531 7 45 516 1 52 28 405 83 59 33 983Ouachita 1 215 96 97 35 2 79 3 0 24 1 180 94 17 1 253Plaquemines 461 90 22 43 8 41 7 1 37 418 81 80 511Pointe Coupee 301 85 27 37 10 48 15 4 25 264 74 79 353Rapides 2 184 93 25 134 5 72 24 1 02 2 050 87 53 2 342Red River 567 99 30 4 0 70 0 0 00 563 98 60 571Richland 650 98 93 7 1 07 0 0 00 643 97 87 657Sabine 1 147 97 04 30 2 54 5 0 42 1 117 94 50 1 182Saint Bernard 363 92 84 23 5 88 5 1 28 340 86 96 391Saint Charles 297 90 00 30 9 09 3 0 91 267 80 91 330Saint Helena 319 95 51 9 2 69 6 1 80 310 92 81 334Saint James 520 71 53 185 25 45 22 3 03 335 46 08 727Saint John the Baptist 289 70 15 115 27 91 8 1 94 174 42 23 412Saint Landry 139 36 87 117 31 03 121 32 10 18 c 4 77 377Saint Martin 971 69 41 36 2 57 392 28 02 579 c 41 39 1 399Saint Mary 652 45 95 162 11 42 605 42 64 47 c 3 31 1 419Saint Tammany 782 87 67 95 10 65 15 1 68 687 77 02 892Tangipahoa 1 326 88 58 159 10 62 12 0 80 1 167 77 96 1 497Tensas 204 96 68 5 2 37 2 0 95 199 94 31 211Terrebonne 606 46 37 113 8 65 588 44 99 18 c 1 38 1 307Union 1 106 97 96 22 1 95 1 0 09 1 084 96 01 1 129Vermilion 1 340 59 56 78 3 47 832 36 98 508 c 22 58 2 250Vernon 754 59 09 44 3 45 478 37 46 276 c 21 63 1 276Washington 1 094 93 19 66 5 62 14 1 19 1 028 87 56 1 174Webster 1 040 99 24 6 0 57 2 0 19 1 034 98 66 1 048West Baton Rouge 237 87 78 28 10 37 5 1 85 209 77 41 270West Carroll 311 95 11 14 4 28 2 0 61 297 90 83 327West Feliciana 261 95 26 8 2 92 5 1 82 253 92 34 274Winn 868 94 55 50 5 45 0 0 00 818 89 11 918Totals 79 875 85 90 6 466 6 95 6 349 6 83 73 409 78 95 92 982See also EditUnited States presidential elections in LouisianaNotes Edit Martin would join the Democratic Party in 1919 These Socialist votes were not separated by parish but given only as a statewide total a b c d e f g h i j k In this parish where Hughes ran third behind Wilson and the unpledged Progressive slate margin given is Wilson vote minus Progressive vote and percentage margin Wilson percentage minus Progressive percentage References Edit Phillips Kevin P The Emerging Republican Majority pp 208 210 ISBN 9780691163246 Schott Matthew J Summer 1979 Progressives against Democracy Electoral Reform in Louisiana 1894 1921 Louisiana History The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association 20 3 247 260 Wall Bennett H Rodriguez John C Louisiana A History pp 274 275 ISBN 1118619293 Williams Thomas Harry 1981 Huey Long New York City Vintage Books pp 44 45 ISBN 0394747909 Renshaw Patrick 1968 The Wobblies The Story of Syndicalism in the United States Garden City New York Anchor Books pp 76 120 121 Renshaw 1968 The Wobblies pp 122 123 Collin Richard H Winter 1971 Theodore Roosevelt s Visit to New Orleans and the Progressive Campaign of 1914 Louisiana History The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association 12 1 5 19 Schott Matthew J Spring 1983 The New Orleans Machine and Progressivism Louisiana History The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association 24 2 141 153 Hair William Ivy The Kingfish and His Realm ISBN 0807145661 a b Cowan Walter Greaves McGuire Jack B Louisiana Governors Rulers Rascals and Reformers p 151 ISBN 1604733209 Dave Leip 1916 Presidential General Election Results Louisiana Dave Leip s U S Election Atlas Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1916 United States presidential election in Louisiana amp oldid 1173751605, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
