The decision was appealed, and upon scrutiny, Brett was declared the winner after it was found that Campbell had received a vote from a local clergyman who did not have the right to vote due to a lack of residency. This election led to Parliament deciding that in future, if an equal number of votes were recorded for two or more candidates at an election, all such candidates should be elected.[citation needed]
At the 1865 United Kingdom general election, Adolphus William Young, representing the Liberal Party, had been elected as the Member of Parliament for the Helston constituency. He defeated the Conservative candidate, Major Shadwell Morley Grylls by 154 votes to 144.[1] In the immediate aftermath, a report in the Royal Cornwall Gazette said that the result had been a surprise, and alleged that "certain measures ... were adopted to induce men to break their solemn pledges".[2] A succession of letters were published over the subsequent weeks from representatives of both candidates, making a series of allegations and counter-allegations.[3][4][5] In February 1866, a petition was presented to Parliament by three Helston constituents, accusing Young of "acts of bribery and corruption" during the election.[6] At the subsequent hearing in April, Mr W. H. Cooke—counsel for the petitioners—announced that Young had accepted that without his knowledge, some of his representatives had been guilty of bribery, and he would not contest the charge. By agreement, only one witness was called, and the committee chairman agreed it was sufficient to report the election void.[7]
Candidates and campaigning
The West Briton & Cornwall Advertiser reported that part of the agreement made by Young was that the resulting by-election would be contested by two new candidates, and as a result, neither he nor Major Grylls were presented as candidates.[8] The Liberal Party put forward Robert Campbell, who had previously served as High Sheriff of Berkshire, while the Conservatives were represented by William Baliol Brett, a Queen's Counsel on the Northern Circuit.[9] Brett had previously stood as a Conservative candidate in the 1865 Rochdale by-election, which he lost by 646 votes to 496.[10]
Only a short period was allowed for campaigning; the seat had been vacated on 18 April, and the resulting by-election was held on 1 May. In a letter published in The West Briton & Cornwall Advertiser, Campbell said his "political opinions are in the main identical" to Young's. He supported the Liberal government, and specifically supported the electoral Reform Bill and the abolition of church rates. Brett similarly described himself as having views typical of the Conservative Party at the time. He opposed the Reform Bill as presented, suggesting that it would "give an unfair and predominating influence to the working classes".[11]
Result
William Baliol Brett (painted later in life, c. 1885–1890) was elected after petitioning the original by-election result.
The nominations took place on Monday 30 April at Helston Town Hall; Brett was proposed by the previous Conservative candidate, Grylls, while Campbell was proposed by C. W. Popham. Campbell won more support in a "show of hands", upon which Brett requested a poll which was determined for the following day.[12] Three polling stations were established; constituents based in the town of Helston itself would vote at the town hall, while booths were also set up at either end of the town for those electors from Wendron and Sithney. Voting commenced at 8am, and by 10am, 233 of the 348 registered electors had voted; at that stage, Campbell held a three-vote lead. In the late morning, both sides made an effort to round up those who had not yet voted, and at midday Campbell led by 138–134. Voting was much quieter throughout the afternoon, and by the end of the vote at 4pm it was evident that the result was close; the Conservatives believed that they had won by a single vote.[13]
When the results were announced, Thomas Rogers—the town mayor, who was acting as returning officer—announced that both candidates had received 153 votes. Campbell had gained the majority in Helston itself (79–62), but Brett had the advantage in both the outlying villages (31–28 in Wendron and 60–46 in Sithney). Rogers, who was a Liberal supporter and had already voted for Campbell in the poll, opined that he was not sure whether he held a casting vote, but said that "believing it to be the proper course, I shall give my casting vote for Mr Campbell."[13] Objections immediately ensued from both sides. The Liberals complained that at 3:56pm a voter, Martin, had been prevented from casting a vote for their candidate by the Conservatives "taking possession" of the hall. For their part, the Conservatives rejected this charge, and that by law the Mayor did not hold a casting vote. The town's deputy clerk then formally declared Campbell the elected member for Helston.[13]
Campbell was sworn in on 7 May, taking up his seat in the House of Commons.[14] A couple of days later, Brett presented a petition to the House of Commons. In addition to his complaint that the mayor should not have made a casting vote, he also alleged that some of the voters were not "properly qualified", and that a vote was cast after 4pm, when the vote should have closed.[15] The petition hearing was held on 3 July. After an initial confirmation of the original, tied result, a Wesleyan minister was called upon. The Reverend Isaac Rogers gave evidence that he had voted, despite no longer residing in the house he had previously occupied in the constituency, in the belief he was still eligible to do so. The hearing committee, as a result, amended the result of the poll to remove Reverend Rogers' vote, and as a result Brett was elected as the Member of Parliament for Helston.[16]
This election led to Parliament deciding that "according to the law and usage of Parliament, it is the duty of the sheriff or other returning officer in England, in the case of an equal number of votes being polled for two or more candidates at an election, to return all such candidates".[17]Per convention, Brett vacated his seat upon his appointment as Solicitor General in February 1868, but was subsequently re-elected unopposed in a by-election; two candidates initially stood against him but withdrew after appeals from their own party members to wait until the general election later that year.[18][19] In August 1868, Brett was appointed as Justice of the Court of Common Pleas,[20] and he once again vacated his seat.[21] Shortly thereafter at the 1868 general election, Adolphus William Young was elected by a vote of 494 to 374.[22]
^"Helston election". Royal Cornwall Gazette. Truro, Cornwall. 21 July 1865. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
^Plomer, J. G. (28 July 1865). "Correspondence: Helston election". Royal Cornwall Gazette. Truro, Cornwall. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
^Grylls, S. M. (11 August 1865). "Correspondence: The Helston Election". The West Briton & Cornwall Advertiser. Truro, Cornwall. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
^Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1989) [1977]. British Parliamentary Election Results, 1832–1885 (Second ed.). Dartmouth: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 149. ISBN0-900178-26-4.
^"Local intelligence: The Helston election". The Western Times. Exeter, Devon. 25 February 1868. p. 6 – via Newspapers.com.
^Hedley, Steve (23 September 2004). "Brett, William Baliol, first Viscount Esher". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/3350. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^Brett, William Baliol (27 August 1868). "To the Electors of the Borough of Helston". Royal Cornwall Gazette. Truro, Cornwall. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
1866, helston, election, election, held, 1866, return, constituency, helston, england, election, caused, declaration, that, adolphus, young, election, 1865, united, kingdom, general, election, null, void, bribery, candidates, contested, election, robert, campb. A by election was held on 1 May 1866 to return an MP for the constituency of Helston England The by election was caused by the declaration that Adolphus Young s election in the 1865 United Kingdom general election was null and void due to bribery Two candidates contested the election Robert Campbell for the Liberal Party and William Baliol Brett for the Conservatives On the original count both candidates received 153 votes but Campbell was declared the winner after Thomas Rogers the mayor of Helston who was serving as the returning officer made a casting vote in his favour 1866 Helston by election 1865 1 May 1866 1866 05 01 1868 Constituency of Helston Candidate William Baliol Brett Robert CampbellParty Conservative LiberalPopular vote 153 152Percentage 50 2 49 8 MP before electionA W YoungLiberal Subsequent MP William Baliol BrettConservativeThe decision was appealed and upon scrutiny Brett was declared the winner after it was found that Campbell had received a vote from a local clergyman who did not have the right to vote due to a lack of residency This election led to Parliament deciding that in future if an equal number of votes were recorded for two or more candidates at an election all such candidates should be elected citation needed Contents 1 Background 1 1 Vacancy 1 2 Candidates and campaigning 2 Result 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 ReferencesBackground EditVacancy Edit At the 1865 United Kingdom general election Adolphus William Young representing the Liberal Party had been elected as the Member of Parliament for the Helston constituency He defeated the Conservative candidate Major Shadwell Morley Grylls by 154 votes to 144 1 In the immediate aftermath a report in the Royal Cornwall Gazette said that the result had been a surprise and alleged that certain measures were adopted to induce men to break their solemn pledges 2 A succession of letters were published over the subsequent weeks from representatives of both candidates making a series of allegations and counter allegations 3 4 5 In February 1866 a petition was presented to Parliament by three Helston constituents accusing Young of acts of bribery and corruption during the election 6 At the subsequent hearing in April Mr W H Cooke counsel for the petitioners announced that Young had accepted that without his knowledge some of his representatives had been guilty of bribery and he would not contest the charge By agreement only one witness was called and the committee chairman agreed it was sufficient to report the election void 7 Candidates and campaigning Edit The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser reported that part of the agreement made by Young was that the resulting by election would be contested by two new candidates and as a result neither he nor Major Grylls were presented as candidates 8 The Liberal Party put forward Robert Campbell who had previously served as High Sheriff of Berkshire while the Conservatives were represented by William Baliol Brett a Queen s Counsel on the Northern Circuit 9 Brett had previously stood as a Conservative candidate in the 1865 Rochdale by election which he lost by 646 votes to 496 10 Only a short period was allowed for campaigning the seat had been vacated on 18 April and the resulting by election was held on 1 May In a letter published in The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Campbell said his political opinions are in the main identical to Young s He supported the Liberal government and specifically supported the electoral Reform Bill and the abolition of church rates Brett similarly described himself as having views typical of the Conservative Party at the time He opposed the Reform Bill as presented suggesting that it would give an unfair and predominating influence to the working classes 11 Result Edit William Baliol Brett painted later in life c 1885 1890 was elected after petitioning the original by election result The nominations took place on Monday 30 April at Helston Town Hall Brett was proposed by the previous Conservative candidate Grylls while Campbell was proposed by C W Popham Campbell won more support in a show of hands upon which Brett requested a poll which was determined for the following day 12 Three polling stations were established constituents based in the town of Helston itself would vote at the town hall while booths were also set up at either end of the town for those electors from Wendron and Sithney Voting commenced at 8 am and by 10 am 233 of the 348 registered electors had voted at that stage Campbell held a three vote lead In the late morning both sides made an effort to round up those who had not yet voted and at midday Campbell led by 138 134 Voting was much quieter throughout the afternoon and by the end of the vote at 4 pm it was evident that the result was close the Conservatives believed that they had won by a single vote 13 When the results were announced Thomas Rogers the town mayor who was acting as returning officer announced that both candidates had received 153 votes Campbell had gained the majority in Helston itself 79 62 but Brett had the advantage in both the outlying villages 31 28 in Wendron and 60 46 in Sithney Rogers who was a Liberal supporter and had already voted for Campbell in the poll opined that he was not sure whether he held a casting vote but said that believing it to be the proper course I shall give my casting vote for Mr Campbell 13 Objections immediately ensued from both sides The Liberals complained that at 3 56 pm a voter Martin had been prevented from casting a vote for their candidate by the Conservatives taking possession of the hall For their part the Conservatives rejected this charge and that by law the Mayor did not hold a casting vote The town s deputy clerk then formally declared Campbell the elected member for Helston 13 Campbell was sworn in on 7 May taking up his seat in the House of Commons 14 A couple of days later Brett presented a petition to the House of Commons In addition to his complaint that the mayor should not have made a casting vote he also alleged that some of the voters were not properly qualified and that a vote was cast after 4 pm when the vote should have closed 15 The petition hearing was held on 3 July After an initial confirmation of the original tied result a Wesleyan minister was called upon The Reverend Isaac Rogers gave evidence that he had voted despite no longer residing in the house he had previously occupied in the constituency in the belief he was still eligible to do so The hearing committee as a result amended the result of the poll to remove Reverend Rogers vote and as a result Brett was elected as the Member of Parliament for Helston 16 1866 Helston by election Party Candidate Votes Conservative William Baliol Brett 153 50 2 1 9Liberal Robert Campbell 152 49 8 1 9Majority 1 0 4 N ATurnout 305 87 6 2 0Registered electors 348Conservative gain from Liberal Swing 1 9Aftermath EditThis election led to Parliament deciding that according to the law and usage of Parliament it is the duty of the sheriff or other returning officer in England in the case of an equal number of votes being polled for two or more candidates at an election to return all such candidates 17 Per convention Brett vacated his seat upon his appointment as Solicitor General in February 1868 but was subsequently re elected unopposed in a by election two candidates initially stood against him but withdrew after appeals from their own party members to wait until the general election later that year 18 19 In August 1868 Brett was appointed as Justice of the Court of Common Pleas 20 and he once again vacated his seat 21 Shortly thereafter at the 1868 general election Adolphus William Young was elected by a vote of 494 to 374 22 See also Edit Cornwall portal Politics portalList of United Kingdom by elections 1857 1868 Casting voteReferences Edit Helston election The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall 14 July 1865 p 1 via Newspapers com Helston election Royal Cornwall Gazette Truro Cornwall 21 July 1865 p 4 via Newspapers com Plomer J G 28 July 1865 Correspondence Helston election Royal Cornwall Gazette Truro Cornwall p 4 via Newspapers com Grylls S M 11 August 1865 Correspondence The Helston Election The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall p 5 via Newspapers com Unpaid 18 August 1865 Correspondence The Helston Election The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall p 8 via Newspapers com Helston election petition The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall 16 February 1866 p 5 via Newspapers com Election committees Helston The Daily News London 19 April 1866 p 3 via Newspapers com Helston election petition The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall 20 April 1866 p 4 via Newspapers com Election intelligence The Derby Mercury 25 April 1866 p 3 via Newspapers com The election Triumphant return of Mr Potter the Liberal candidate The Rochdale Observer 22 April 1865 p 5 via Newspapers com To the Electors of the Borough of Helston The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall 27 April 1866 p 1 via Newspapers com Election intelligence Helston The Standard London 1 May 1866 p 3 via Newspapers com a b c Helston election The polling The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall 4 May 1866 p 4 via Newspapers com House of Commons Last Night The Western Daily Press Bristol 8 May 1866 p 3 via Newspapers com The Helston election The Glasgow Daily Herald 10 May 1866 p 3 via Newspapers com The Helston election petitions The Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser 4 July 1866 p 3 via Newspapers com Craig F W S ed 1989 1977 British Parliamentary Election Results 1832 1885 Second ed Dartmouth Parliamentary Research Services p 149 ISBN 0 900178 26 4 Local intelligence The Helston election The Western Times Exeter Devon 25 February 1868 p 6 via Newspapers com The Helston election The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall 20 February 1868 p 4 via Newspapers com Hedley Steve 23 September 2004 Brett William Baliol first Viscount Esher Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 3350 Subscription or UK public library membership required Brett William Baliol 27 August 1868 To the Electors of the Borough of Helston Royal Cornwall Gazette Truro Cornwall p 1 via Newspapers com Helston The West Briton amp Cornwall Advertiser Truro Cornwall 26 November 1868 p 5 via Newspapers com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1866 Helston by election amp oldid 1150453501, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
