1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, also called trichlorotrifluoroethane or CFC-113, is a chlorofluorocarbon. It has the formula Cl2FC−CClF2. This colorless, volatile liquid is a versatile solvent.[4]
CFC-113 measured by the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) in the lower atmosphere (troposphere) at stations around the world. Abundances are given as pollution free monthly mean mole fractions in parts-per-trillion.Atmospheric concentration of CFC-113 since year 1992.
CFC-113 is a very unreactive chlorofluorocarbon. It remains in the atmosphere about 90 years,[5] sufficiently long that it will cycle out of the troposphere and into the stratosphere. In the stratosphere, CFC-113 can be broken up by ultraviolet radiation (where sunlight in the 190-225 nm (UV) range), generating chlorine radicals (Cl•), which initiate degradation of ozone requiring only a few minutes:[6][7]
CClF2CCl2F → C2F3Cl2 + Cl•
Cl• + O3 → ClO• + O2
This reaction is followed by:
ClO• + O → Cl• + O2
The process regenerates Cl• to destroy more O3. The Cl• will destroy an average of 100,000 O3 molecules during its atmospheric lifetime of 1–2 years. In some parts of the world, these reactions have significantly thinned the Earth's natural stratospheric ozone layer that shields the biosphere against solar UV radiation; increased UV levels at the surface can cause skin cancer or even blindness.[8]
UsesEdit
CFC-113 was one of the most heavily produced CFCs. In 1989, an estimated 250,000 tons were produced.[4] It has been used as a cleaning agent for electrical and electronic components.[8] CFC-113 is one of the three most popular CFCs, along with CFC-11 and CFC-12.[9]
CFC-113’s low flammability and low toxicity made it ideal for use as a cleaner for delicate electrical equipment, fabrics, and metals. It would not harm the product it was cleaning, ignite with a spark or react with other chemicals.[10]
CFC-113 in laboratory analytics has been replaced by other solvents.[11]
^Touloukian, Y.S., Liley, P.E., and Saxena, S.C. Thermophysical properties of matter - the TPRC data series. Volume 3. Thermal conductivity - nonmetallic liquids and gases. Data book. 1970.
^. University of Michigan. January 4, 2006. Archived from the original on 2008-04-20. Retrieved 2008-05-28.
^Molina, Mario J. (1996). "Role of chlorine in the stratospheric chemistry". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 68 (9): 1749–1756. doi:10.1351/pac199668091749. S2CID 22107229.
^(PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-02-27. Retrieved 2008-05-06.
^"False Alarms: The Legacy of Phosgene Gas". HVAC School. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
August 26, 2023
trichloro, trifluoroethane, also, called, trichlorotrifluoroethane, chlorofluorocarbon, formula, cl2fc, cclf2, this, colorless, volatile, liquid, versatile, solvent, namespreferred, iupac, name, other, names, 113freon, 113frigen, freon, valcleneidentifierscas,. 1 1 2 Trichloro 1 2 2 trifluoroethane also called trichlorotrifluoroethane or CFC 113 is a chlorofluorocarbon It has the formula Cl2FC CClF2 This colorless volatile liquid is a versatile solvent 4 1 1 2 Trichloro 1 2 2 trifluoroethane NamesPreferred IUPAC name 1 1 2 Trichloro 1 2 2 trifluoroethaneOther names CFC 113Freon 113Frigen 113 TR Freon TF ValcleneIdentifiersCAS Number 76 13 1 Y3D model JSmol Interactive imageChEMBL ChEMBL478511 YChemSpider 6188 YECHA InfoCard 100 000 852PubChem CID 6428UNII 0739N04X3A YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID6021377InChI InChI 1S C2Cl3F3 c3 1 4 6 2 5 7 8 YKey AJDIZQLSFPQPEY UHFFFAOYSA N YInChI 1 C2Cl3F3 c3 1 4 6 2 5 7 8Key AJDIZQLSFPQPEY UHFFFAOYAESMILES ClC F F C Cl Cl FPropertiesChemical formula CClF2CCl2FMolar mass 187 37 g mol 1Appearance Colorless liquidOdor like carbon tetrachloride 1 Density 1 56 g mLMelting point 35 C 31 F 238 K Boiling point 47 7 C 117 9 F 320 8 K Solubility in water 170 mg LVapor pressure 285 mmHg 20 C 1 Thermal conductivity 0 0729 W m 1 K 1 300 K 2 HazardsLethal dose or concentration LD LC LCLo lowest published 250 000 ppm mouse 1 5 hr 87 000 rat 6 hr 3 NIOSH US health exposure limits PEL Permissible TWA 1000 ppm 7600 mg m3 1 REL Recommended TWA 1000 ppm 7600 mg m3 ST 1250 ppm 9500 mg m3 1 IDLH Immediate danger 2000 ppm 1 Except where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa Y verify what is Y N Infobox references Contents 1 Atmospheric reactions 2 Uses 3 Dangers 4 See also 5 ReferencesAtmospheric reactions Edit CFC 113 measured by the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment AGAGE in the lower atmosphere troposphere at stations around the world Abundances are given as pollution free monthly mean mole fractions in parts per trillion Atmospheric concentration of CFC 113 since year 1992 CFC 113 is a very unreactive chlorofluorocarbon It remains in the atmosphere about 90 years 5 sufficiently long that it will cycle out of the troposphere and into the stratosphere In the stratosphere CFC 113 can be broken up by ultraviolet radiation where sunlight in the 190 225 nm UV range generating chlorine radicals Cl which initiate degradation of ozone requiring only a few minutes 6 7 CClF2CCl2F C2F3Cl2 Cl Cl O3 ClO O2This reaction is followed by ClO O Cl O2The process regenerates Cl to destroy more O3 The Cl will destroy an average of 100 000 O3 molecules during its atmospheric lifetime of 1 2 years In some parts of the world these reactions have significantly thinned the Earth s natural stratospheric ozone layer that shields the biosphere against solar UV radiation increased UV levels at the surface can cause skin cancer or even blindness 8 Uses EditCFC 113 was one of the most heavily produced CFCs In 1989 an estimated 250 000 tons were produced 4 It has been used as a cleaning agent for electrical and electronic components 8 CFC 113 is one of the three most popular CFCs along with CFC 11 and CFC 12 9 CFC 113 s low flammability and low toxicity made it ideal for use as a cleaner for delicate electrical equipment fabrics and metals It would not harm the product it was cleaning ignite with a spark or react with other chemicals 10 CFC 113 in laboratory analytics has been replaced by other solvents 11 Reduction of CFC 113 with zinc gives chlorotrifluoroethylene 4 CFCl2 CClF2 Zn CClF CF2 ZnCl2Dangers EditAside from its immense environmental impacts Freon 113 like most chlorofluoroalkanes forms phosgene gas when exposed to a naked flame 12 See also Edit1 1 1 Trichloro 2 2 2 trifluoroethaneReferences Edit a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards 0632 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH Touloukian Y S Liley P E and Saxena S C Thermophysical properties of matter the TPRC data series Volume 3 Thermal conductivity nonmetallic liquids and gases Data book 1970 1 1 2 Trichloro 1 2 2 trifluoroethane Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations IDLH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH a b c Siegemund Gunter Schwertfeger Werner Feiring Andrew Smart Bruce Behr Fred Vogel Herward McKusick Blaine 2002 Fluorine Compounds Organic Ullmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Weinheim Wiley VCH doi 10 1002 14356007 a11 349 Global Change 2 Climate Change University of Michigan January 4 2006 Archived from the original on 2008 04 20 Retrieved 2008 05 28 Molina Mario J 1996 Role of chlorine in the stratospheric chemistry Pure and Applied Chemistry 68 9 1749 1756 doi 10 1351 pac199668091749 S2CID 22107229 Guides SEDAC a b Chlorofluorocarbons Columbia Encyclopedia 2008 Retrieved 2008 05 28 Zumdahl Steven 1995 Chemical Principles Lexington D C Heath ISBN 978 0 669 39321 7 Guides SEDAC sedac ciesin columbia edu Use of Ozone Depleting Substances in Laboratories TemaNord 516 2003 PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2008 02 27 Retrieved 2008 05 06 False Alarms The Legacy of Phosgene Gas HVAC School Retrieved 9 May 2022 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1 1 2 Trichloro 1 2 2 trifluoroethane amp oldid 1169947446, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
