.by is the Internetcountry codetop-level domain (ccTLD) for Belarus. It is administered by the Operations and Analysis Centre under the President of the Republic of Belarus (Оперативно-аналитический центр при Президенте Республики Беларусь). The BY code originates from the ISO code for Byelorussia, the former name of the country. The ccTLD was created for Belarus on 10 May 1994.
The Operations and Analysis Centre under the President of the Republic of Belarus allows for anyone (not only for those who reside in Belarus) to register a second level domain such as something.by. However, third-level domains .gov.by and .mil.by are reserved for government use only. The names chosen for second-level domains must not conflict with those already registered or with well-known brand names. The names also must have two or more Latin characters and they cannot either start or finish with a hyphen (-). Second-level names that might have words or phrases that are deemed to be vulgar or illegal can also be rejected by the Administrator of ccTLD BY.
Historyedit
At the very beginning there was only one company in Belarus which carried out the registration of domains .by – Open Contact Ltd. In October 2006 two other Belarusian companies got the licence to provide technical protection of information, including its execution by cryptographic means, and comprising the usage of a digital signature. Those were Reliable Software Inc. and Business Network JV. The former one has started to receive inquiries and carry out domain registration since 27 March 2007. On 3 September 2007 the licence was granted also to Extmedia and on 29 June to Active Technologies. At present each of the five companies carries out domain registration officially. Since 1994 the only Technical Administrator of the .by domain has been Open Contact Ltd.
According to the results of the competition conducted in September 2010 by the Operations and Analysis Centre (OAC), the authorised government body for the purposes of security of the Internet, the .by domain was redelegated to Reliable Software Inc. (hoster.by).[2] On 7 February 2012 ICANN approved the candidacy of the company unequivocally.
In 2007 while Open Contact Ltd. was the Technical Administrator of the .by domain it announced the reduction of price on national domains from 190,000 Belarusian rubles (US$88) to Rbls 130,000 ($60). This measure triggered the process of transmission of Belarusian web-sites from generic top-level domains to the national one.
Since 2012, when Reliable Software Inc. (hoster.by) became the Technical Administrator of the .by domain, several changes have been adopted: the assessment of inquiries in the Operations and Analysis Centre (OAC) and a free 30-day reservation of a domain name have been eliminated and WHOIS-service has started to work.
Feesedit
Since 2011 due to changes in currency exchange rate the price has decreased. The costs to use a .by domain is a US$12 fee for the first year and second payment of $12 to maintain the domain. The renewal of the domain occurs yearly. The maximum upfront payment is 1 years. The payment of the fees occur by bank transfer, WebMoney, credit card or cash depending on the registrar.
Internationalized country code top-level domainedit
Belarus applied for the Cyrillic top-level domain .бел, intended to be used with subdomains in the same script, which was approved by the ICANN in 2015.
Other usesedit
The .by code is used for domain hack by institutions from the German state of Bavaria (German: Bayern), such as bayern.by, the Bavarian Tourism Agency. Since "by" means "town" or "city" in Norwegian, it's also used by some Norwegian newspapers, such as osl.by for an Oslo newspaper, and trd.by for a Trondheim newspaper.
Referencesedit
^"Statistics of the national domain zone for the 1st half of 2022". cctld.by. 19 August 2022. from the original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2022.
^IANA, Redelegation of the .BY domain representing Belarus to Reliable Software Inc.
External linksedit
ccTLD homepage ()
IANA .by whois information
January 01, 1970
this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 2021, learn, when,. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources by news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message by is the Internet country code top level domain ccTLD for Belarus It is administered by the Operations and Analysis Centre under the President of the Republic of Belarus Operativno analiticheskij centr pri Prezidente Respubliki Belarus The BY code originates from the ISO code for Byelorussia the former name of the country The ccTLD was created for Belarus on 10 May 1994 byIntroduced10 May 1994TLD typeCountry code top level domainStatusActiveRegistryReliable Software Inc SponsorOperations and Analysis Centre under the President of the Republic of BelarusIntended useEntities connected with BelarusActual usePopular in Belarus and the German state of BavariaRegistered domains143 412 2022 08 19 1 Registration restrictionsNo restrictions third level subdomains have specific restrictionsStructureSecond level registrations are available as well as third level names beneath some second level labelsDocumentsRegistration procedureDNSSECyesRegistry websitecctld by Contents 1 Eligibility 2 History 3 Fees 4 Internationalized country code top level domain 5 Other uses 6 References 7 External linksEligibility editThe Operations and Analysis Centre under the President of the Republic of Belarus allows for anyone not only for those who reside in Belarus to register a second level domain such as something by However third level domains gov by and mil by are reserved for government use only The names chosen for second level domains must not conflict with those already registered or with well known brand names The names also must have two or more Latin characters and they cannot either start or finish with a hyphen Second level names that might have words or phrases that are deemed to be vulgar or illegal can also be rejected by the Administrator of ccTLD BY History editAt the very beginning there was only one company in Belarus which carried out the registration of domains by Open Contact Ltd In October 2006 two other Belarusian companies got the licence to provide technical protection of information including its execution by cryptographic means and comprising the usage of a digital signature Those were Reliable Software Inc and Business Network JV The former one has started to receive inquiries and carry out domain registration since 27 March 2007 On 3 September 2007 the licence was granted also to Extmedia and on 29 June to Active Technologies At present each of the five companies carries out domain registration officially Since 1994 the only Technical Administrator of the by domain has been Open Contact Ltd According to the results of the competition conducted in September 2010 by the Operations and Analysis Centre OAC the authorised government body for the purposes of security of the Internet the by domain was redelegated to Reliable Software Inc hoster by 2 On 7 February 2012 ICANN approved the candidacy of the company unequivocally In 2007 while Open Contact Ltd was the Technical Administrator of the by domain it announced the reduction of price on national domains from 190 000 Belarusian rubles US 88 to Rbls 130 000 60 This measure triggered the process of transmission of Belarusian web sites from generic top level domains to the national one Since 2012 when Reliable Software Inc hoster by became the Technical Administrator of the by domain several changes have been adopted the assessment of inquiries in the Operations and Analysis Centre OAC and a free 30 day reservation of a domain name have been eliminated and WHOIS service has started to work Fees editSince 2011 due to changes in currency exchange rate the price has decreased The costs to use a by domain is a US 12 fee for the first year and second payment of 12 to maintain the domain The renewal of the domain occurs yearly The maximum upfront payment is 1 years The payment of the fees occur by bank transfer WebMoney credit card or cash depending on the registrar Internationalized country code top level domain editBelarus applied for the Cyrillic top level domain bel intended to be used with subdomains in the same script which was approved by the ICANN in 2015 Other uses editThe by code is used for domain hack by institutions from the German state of Bavaria German Bayern such as bayern by the Bavarian Tourism Agency Since by means town or city in Norwegian it s also used by some Norwegian newspapers such as osl by for an Oslo newspaper and trd by for a Trondheim newspaper References edit Statistics of the national domain zone for the 1st half of 2022 cctld by 19 August 2022 Archived from the original on 11 December 2022 Retrieved 11 December 2022 IANA Redelegation of the BY domain representing Belarus to Reliable Software Inc External links editccTLD homepage IANA by whois information Domain registration rules on the use of by Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title by amp oldid 1165712973, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
