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(55638) 2002 VE95

February 16, 2023

(55638) 2002 VE95, prov. designation: 2002 VE95, is a trans-Neptunian object from the outermost region of the Solar System. It was discovered on 14 November 2002, by astronomers with the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking program at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States.[1] This resonant trans-Neptunian object is a member of the plutino population, locked in a 2:3 resonance with Neptune. The object is likely of primordial origin with a heterogeneous surface and a notably reddish color (RR) attributed to the presence of methanol and tholins. It has a poorly defined rotation period of 6.8 hours and measures approximately 250 kilometers (160 miles) in diameter, too small to be a dwarf planet candidate. As of 2021, it has not yet been named.

(55638) 2002 VE95
Discovery[1][2]
Discovered byNEAT
Discovery sitePalomar Obs.
Discovery date14 November 2002
Designations
(55638) 2002 VE95
2002 VE95
TNO[3] · plutino[4][5]
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 1 July 2021 (JD 2459396.5)
Uncertainty parameter 2[3] · 0[1]
Observation arc27.27 yr (9,960 d)
Earliest precovery date12 October 1990
Aphelion50.441 AU
Perihelion27.910 AU
39.176 AU
Eccentricity0.2876
245.21 yr (89,562 d)
29.369°
0° 0m 14.4s / day
Inclination16.327°
199.72°
29 June 2001
206.35°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
249.8 km[6][7][8]
6.76 h (ambiguous)[6][9][10]
0.149[7]
20.64[13]
5.3[1][3]
5.70±0.06[7]

Orbit and classification

2002 VE95 belongs to the plutino population, named after its largest member, Pluto. Plutinos are resonant trans-Neptunian objects, that are locked in a stable 2:3 mean-motion resonance with Neptune, orbiting the Sun twice for every three orbits Neptune does.[4][5] They form a significantly large part of the inner Kuiper belt, as hundreds of these objects have already been discovered.

This minor planet orbits the Sun at a distance of 27.9–50.4 AU once every 245 years and 3 months (89,562 days; semi-major axis of 39.18 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.29 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] On 29 June 2001, it came to perihelion and has since been moving away from the Sun. Due to precovery images recovered from the Digitized Sky Survey, the body's observation arc begins already in October 1990, or 12 years prior to its official discovery observation by astronomers with the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking at Palomar.[1]

Numbering and naming

2002 VE95 was numbered (55638) by the Minor Planet Center on 16 February 2003 (M.P.C. 47763).[14] As of 2021, it has not been named.[1] According to the established naming conventions for plutinos, it will be named after a mythological figure from the underworld.[15]

Physical characteristics

Rotation period

The rotation period of 2002 VE95 is poorly defined and has ambiguous results with multiple alternative period solutions in between 4.90 and 10 hours.[6] In December 2002, a rotational lightcurve of this object was obtained from photometric observations by astronomers from the Sierra Nevada Observatory in Spain. Lightcurve analysis gave a poorly defined period of 6.76±0.01 hours with a brightness variation of 0.08±0.04 magnitude (U=1+).[9] Two years later in December 2004, it was revisited by the same astronomers, obtaining another poorly defined period of 9.97±0.05 hours with an amplitude of 0.05±0.01 magnitude (U=1+).[10] Other observations by Sheppard only determined an amplitude of less than 0.06 magnitude (U=1).[16]

Diameter and albedo

In 2010, observations with the Herschel Space Telescope, using its PACS instrument to measure the object's thermal radiation, gave a mean-diameter of 249.8+13.5
−13.1 km with a relatively high albedo of 0.149+0.019
−0.016 for an absolute magnitude of 5.70±0.06.[7][8] In addition, an asteroid occultations on 3 December 2015, gave a best-fit ellipse dimension of (250.0 km × 250.0 km) with an poor quality rating of 1.[8] These timed observations are taken when the asteroid passes in front of a distant star.[8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a more regular albedo for a distant object of 0.10 and hence estimates a larger diameter of 297 kilometers.[6]

Color and composition

In the visible light, 2002 VE95 has a featureless reflectance spectrum.[17] It is very red in color (RR),[11] with a color index of 1.080 and 0.71, in the B–V and V−R passband filters, respectively.[6][12]

The near-infrared spectrum of 2002 VE95 is flat with two distinct absorption bands of water ice at 1.5 and 2.0 μm. There is the third feature near 2.3 μm of unclear origin.[18] The spectral behavior of this object is similar to 5145 Pholus, a centaur.[18] Observations with the Very Large Telescope revealed that 2002 VE95 has a heterogeneous surface—the amount of different ices and non-ice components depends on the observed area. Among the probable surface materials are water ice (4–19%), methanol ice (10–12%) and various tholins, photochemically altered organic compounds, also found on Triton and Titan. The redder areas are generally associated with the presence of methanol ice. The surface of 2002 VE95 appears to be primordial in origin.[19]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f "55638 (2002 VE95)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  2. ^ "MPEC 2008-O05 : Distant Minor Planets". Minor Planet Center & Tamkin Foundation Computer Network. 17 July 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2008.
  3. ^ a b c d e "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 55638 (2002 VE95)" (2018-01-18 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  4. ^ a b c Johnston, Wm. Robert (18 August 2020). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  5. ^ a b "Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 55638". Southwest Research Institute. Retrieved 26 July 2021.The Deep Ecliptic Survey Object Classifications
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "LCDB Data for (55638)". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  7. ^ a b c d e Mommert, M.; Harris, A. W.; Kiss, C.; Pál, A.; Santos-Sanz, P.; Stansberry, J.; et al. (May 2012). "TNOs are cool: A survey of the trans-Neptunian region. V. Physical characterization of 18 Plutinos using Herschel-PACS observations". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 541: A93. arXiv:1202.3657. Bibcode:2012A&A...541A..93M. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118562. ISSN 0004-6361.
  8. ^ a b c d "Asteroid (55638) 2002 VE95 – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  9. ^ a b Ortiz, J. L.; Gutiérrez, P. J.; Santos-Sanz, P.; Casanova, V.; Sota, A. (March 2006). "Short-term rotational variability of eight KBOs from Sierra Nevada Observatory". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 447 (3): 1131–1144. Bibcode:2006A&A...447.1131O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053572. ISSN 0004-6361.
  10. ^ a b Thirouin, A.; Ortiz, J. L.; Duffard, R.; Santos-Sanz, P.; Aceituno, F. J.; Morales, N. (November 2010). "Short-term variability of a sample of 29 trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 522: A93. arXiv:1004.4841. Bibcode:2010A&A...522A..93T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912340. ISSN 0004-6361.
  11. ^ a b Perna, D.; Barucci, M. A.; Fornasier, S.; DeMeo, F. E.; Alvarez-Candal, A.; Merlin, F.; et al. (February 2010). "Colors and taxonomy of Centaurs and trans-Neptunian objects". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 510: A53. arXiv:0912.2621. Bibcode:2010A&A...510A..53P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200913654. ISSN 0004-6361.
  12. ^ a b c d Tegler, S. C.; Romanishin, W.; Consolmagno, G. J.; J., S. (December 2016). "Two Color Populations of Kuiper Belt and Centaur Objects and the Smaller Orbital Inclinations of Red Centaur Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (6): 210. Bibcode:2016AJ....152..210T. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/210. ISSN 0004-6256.
  13. ^ "Asteroid (55638) 2002 VE95 – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  14. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  15. ^ "Naming of Astronomical Objects – Minor planets". IAU – International Astronomical Union. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
  16. ^ Sheppard, Scott S.; Jewitt, David C. (June 2003). "Hawaii Kuiper Belt Variability Project: An Update". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 92 (1): 207–219. Bibcode:2003EM&P...92..207S. doi:10.1023/B:MOON.0000031943.12968.46. ISSN 0167-9295.
  17. ^ Fornasier, S.; Barucci, M.A.; De Bergh, C.; Alvarez-Candal, A.; Demeo, F.; Merlin, F.; Perna, D.; Guilbert, A.; Delsanti, A.; Dotto, E.; Doressoundiram, A. (2009). "Visible spectroscopy of the new ESO large programme on trans-Neptunian objects and Centaurs: final results". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 508 (1): 457–465. arXiv:0910.0450. Bibcode:2009A&A...508..457F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912582.
  18. ^ a b Barucci, M. A.; Merlin, F.; Dotto, E.; Doressoundiram, A.; De Bergh, C. (2006). "TNO surface ices Observations of the TNO 55638 (2002 VE95) and analysis of the population's spectral properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 455 (2): 725–730. Bibcode:2006A&A...455..725B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20064951.
  19. ^ Barucci, M. A.; Merlin, F.; Perna, D.; Alvarez-Candal, A.; Müller, T.; Mommert, M.; et al. (March 2012). "The extra red plutino (55638) 2002 VE95". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 539: A152. Bibcode:2012A&A...539A.152B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118505. ISSN 0004-6361.

External links

  • List of Transneptunian Objects, Minor Planet Center
  • (55638) 2002 VE95 at the JPL Small-Body Database
    • Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters

February 16, 2023
55638, 2002, 55638, 2002, ve95, prov, designation, 2002, ve95, trans, neptunian, object, from, outermost, region, solar, system, discovered, november, 2002, astronomers, with, near, earth, asteroid, tracking, program, palomar, observatory, california, united, . 55638 2002 VE95 prov designation 2002 VE95 is a trans Neptunian object from the outermost region of the Solar System It was discovered on 14 November 2002 by astronomers with the Near Earth Asteroid Tracking program at the Palomar Observatory in California United States 1 This resonant trans Neptunian object is a member of the plutino population locked in a 2 3 resonance with Neptune The object is likely of primordial origin with a heterogeneous surface and a notably reddish color RR attributed to the presence of methanol and tholins It has a poorly defined rotation period of 6 8 hours and measures approximately 250 kilometers 160 miles in diameter too small to be a dwarf planet candidate As of 2021 update it has not yet been named 55638 2002 VE95Discovery 1 2 Discovered byNEATDiscovery sitePalomar Obs Discovery date14 November 2002DesignationsMPC designation 55638 2002 VE95Alternative designations2002 VE95Minor planet categoryTNO 3 plutino 4 5 Orbital characteristics 3 Epoch 1 July 2021 JD 2459396 5 Uncertainty parameter 2 3 0 1 Observation arc27 27 yr 9 960 d Earliest precovery date12 October 1990Aphelion50 441 AUPerihelion27 910 AUSemi major axis39 176 AUEccentricity0 2876Orbital period sidereal 245 21 yr 89 562 d Mean anomaly29 369 Mean motion0 0m 14 4s dayInclination16 327 Longitude of ascending node199 72 Time of perihelion29 June 2001Argument of perihelion206 35 Physical characteristicsMean diameter249 8 km 6 7 8 Synodic rotation period6 76 h ambiguous 6 9 10 Geometric albedo0 149 7 Spectral typeRR very red 6 4 11 B V 1 080 0 030 6 12 V R 0 710 0 020 6 12 V I 1 480 0 130 6 7 B R 1 800 0 040 6 12 Apparent magnitude20 64 13 Absolute magnitude H 5 3 1 3 5 70 0 06 7 Contents 1 Orbit and classification 2 Numbering and naming 3 Physical characteristics 3 1 Rotation period 3 2 Diameter and albedo 3 3 Color and composition 4 References 5 External linksOrbit and classification Edit2002 VE95 belongs to the plutino population named after its largest member Pluto Plutinos are resonant trans Neptunian objects that are locked in a stable 2 3 mean motion resonance with Neptune orbiting the Sun twice for every three orbits Neptune does 4 5 They form a significantly large part of the inner Kuiper belt as hundreds of these objects have already been discovered This minor planet orbits the Sun at a distance of 27 9 50 4 AU once every 245 years and 3 months 89 562 days semi major axis of 39 18 AU Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0 29 and an inclination of 16 with respect to the ecliptic 3 On 29 June 2001 it came to perihelion and has since been moving away from the Sun Due to precovery images recovered from the Digitized Sky Survey the body s observation arc begins already in October 1990 or 12 years prior to its official discovery observation by astronomers with the Near Earth Asteroid Tracking at Palomar 1 Numbering and naming Edit2002 VE95 was numbered 55638 by the Minor Planet Center on 16 February 2003 M P C 47763 14 As of 2021 update it has not been named 1 According to the established naming conventions for plutinos it will be named after a mythological figure from the underworld 15 Physical characteristics EditRotation period Edit The rotation period of 2002 VE95 is poorly defined and has ambiguous results with multiple alternative period solutions in between 4 90 and 10 hours 6 In December 2002 a rotational lightcurve of this object was obtained from photometric observations by astronomers from the Sierra Nevada Observatory in Spain Lightcurve analysis gave a poorly defined period of 6 76 0 01 hours with a brightness variation of 0 08 0 04 magnitude U 1 9 Two years later in December 2004 it was revisited by the same astronomers obtaining another poorly defined period of 9 97 0 05 hours with an amplitude of 0 05 0 01 magnitude U 1 10 Other observations by Sheppard only determined an amplitude of less than 0 06 magnitude U 1 16 Diameter and albedo Edit In 2010 observations with the Herschel Space Telescope using its PACS instrument to measure the object s thermal radiation gave a mean diameter of 249 8 13 5 13 1 km with a relatively high albedo of 0 149 0 019 0 016 for an absolute magnitude of 5 70 0 06 7 8 In addition an asteroid occultations on 3 December 2015 gave a best fit ellipse dimension of 250 0 km 250 0 km with an poor quality rating of 1 8 These timed observations are taken when the asteroid passes in front of a distant star 8 The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a more regular albedo for a distant object of 0 10 and hence estimates a larger diameter of 297 kilometers 6 Color and composition Edit In the visible light 2002 VE95 has a featureless reflectance spectrum 17 It is very red in color RR 11 with a color index of 1 080 and 0 71 in the B V and V R passband filters respectively 6 12 The near infrared spectrum of 2002 VE95 is flat with two distinct absorption bands of water ice at 1 5 and 2 0 mm There is the third feature near 2 3 mm of unclear origin 18 The spectral behavior of this object is similar to 5145 Pholus a centaur 18 Observations with the Very Large Telescope revealed that 2002 VE95 has a heterogeneous surface the amount of different ices and non ice components depends on the observed area Among the probable surface materials are water ice 4 19 methanol ice 10 12 and various tholins photochemically altered organic compounds also found on Triton and Titan The redder areas are generally associated with the presence of methanol ice The surface of 2002 VE95 appears to be primordial in origin 19 References Edit a b c d e f 55638 2002 VE95 Minor Planet Center Retrieved 26 July 2021 MPEC 2008 O05 Distant Minor Planets Minor Planet Center amp Tamkin Foundation Computer Network 17 July 2008 Retrieved 23 July 2008 a b c d e JPL Small Body Database Browser 55638 2002 VE95 2018 01 18 last obs Jet Propulsion Laboratory Retrieved 26 July 2021 a b c Johnston Wm Robert 18 August 2020 List of Known Trans Neptunian Objects Johnston s Archive Retrieved 26 July 2021 a b Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 55638 Southwest Research Institute Retrieved 26 July 2021 The Deep Ecliptic Survey Object Classifications a b c d e f g h i j LCDB Data for 55638 Asteroid Lightcurve Database LCDB Retrieved 26 July 2021 a b c d e Mommert M Harris A W Kiss C Pal A Santos Sanz P Stansberry J et al May 2012 TNOs are cool A survey of the trans Neptunian region V Physical characterization of 18 Plutinos using Herschel PACS observations Astronomy and Astrophysics 541 A93 arXiv 1202 3657 Bibcode 2012A amp A 541A 93M doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201118562 ISSN 0004 6361 a b c d Asteroid 55638 2002 VE95 Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3 0 Small Bodies Data Ferret Retrieved 26 July 2021 a b Ortiz J L Gutierrez P J Santos Sanz P Casanova V Sota A March 2006 Short term rotational variability of eight KBOs from Sierra Nevada Observatory Astronomy and Astrophysics 447 3 1131 1144 Bibcode 2006A amp A 447 1131O doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20053572 ISSN 0004 6361 a b Thirouin A Ortiz J L Duffard R Santos Sanz P Aceituno F J Morales N November 2010 Short term variability of a sample of 29 trans Neptunian objects and Centaurs Astronomy and Astrophysics 522 A93 arXiv 1004 4841 Bibcode 2010A amp A 522A 93T doi 10 1051 0004 6361 200912340 ISSN 0004 6361 a b Perna D Barucci M A Fornasier S DeMeo F E Alvarez Candal A Merlin F et al February 2010 Colors and taxonomy of Centaurs and trans Neptunian objects Astronomy and Astrophysics 510 A53 arXiv 0912 2621 Bibcode 2010A amp A 510A 53P doi 10 1051 0004 6361 200913654 ISSN 0004 6361 a b c d Tegler S C Romanishin W Consolmagno G J J S December 2016 Two Color Populations of Kuiper Belt and Centaur Objects and the Smaller Orbital Inclinations of Red Centaur Objects The Astronomical Journal 152 6 210 Bibcode 2016AJ 152 210T doi 10 3847 0004 6256 152 6 210 ISSN 0004 6256 Asteroid 55638 2002 VE95 Proper Elements AstDyS 2 Asteroids Dynamic Site Retrieved 26 July 2021 MPC MPO MPS Archive Minor Planet Center Retrieved 26 July 2021 Naming of Astronomical Objects Minor planets IAU International Astronomical Union Retrieved 27 July 2021 Sheppard Scott S Jewitt David C June 2003 Hawaii Kuiper Belt Variability Project An Update Earth Moon and Planets 92 1 207 219 Bibcode 2003EM amp P 92 207S doi 10 1023 B MOON 0000031943 12968 46 ISSN 0167 9295 The Solar System Beyond Neptune Photometric Lightcurves of Transneptunian Objects and Centaurs Rotations Shapes and Densities University of Arizona Press p 129 142 Fornasier S Barucci M A De Bergh C Alvarez Candal A Demeo F Merlin F Perna D Guilbert A Delsanti A Dotto E Doressoundiram A 2009 Visible spectroscopy of the new ESO large programme on trans Neptunian objects and Centaurs final results Astronomy and Astrophysics 508 1 457 465 arXiv 0910 0450 Bibcode 2009A amp A 508 457F doi 10 1051 0004 6361 200912582 a b Barucci M A Merlin F Dotto E Doressoundiram A De Bergh C 2006 TNO surface ices Observations of the TNO 55638 2002 VE95 and analysis of the population s spectral properties Astronomy and Astrophysics 455 2 725 730 Bibcode 2006A amp A 455 725B doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20064951 Barucci M A Merlin F Perna D Alvarez Candal A Muller T Mommert M et al March 2012 The extra red plutino 55638 2002 VE95 Astronomy and Astrophysics 539 A152 Bibcode 2012A amp A 539A 152B doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201118505 ISSN 0004 6361 External links EditList of Transneptunian Objects Minor Planet Center 55638 2002 VE95 at the JPL Small Body DatabaseClose approach Discovery Ephemeris Orbit diagram Orbital elements Physical parameters Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 55638 2002 VE95 amp oldid 1094335093, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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