Ōuchi clan (大内氏, Ōuchi-shi) was one of the most powerful and important families in Western Japan during the reign of the Ashikaga shogunate in the 12th to 14th centuries. Their domains, ruled from the castle town of Yamaguchi, comprised six provinces at their height, and the Ōuchi played a major role in supporting the Ashikaga in the Nanboku-cho Wars against the Imperial Court. The Ōuchi remained powerful up until the 1550s, when they were eclipsed by their vassals, the Mōri clan.
Local legend in modern Yamaguchi City has it that the Ōuchi clan were of Korean origins, specifically descended from a prince of Baekje. The Ōuchi-shi Jitsruroku (大内氏実録),[1] a work of the historian Kondō Kiyoshi (近藤清石, 1833–1916), is one of the books which adopt this legend. However, some scholars are in dispute,[2] and even traditions are contradictory to each other.[3] Modern day members of the Ouchi clan think that there is no dispute, and they strongly identify with Baekje.[4] According to the Ō uchi Tatarashi fuch ō and the Ōuchi-shi Jitsruroku, Prince Imseong is their first ancestor.
Historically the Ōuchi clan emphasized their Korean heritage along with their Japanese identity to establish economic power based on international trade and wield political power.[5] Based in Suō Province, towards the western end of Honshū, the Ōuchi were among the primary families to be involved in foreign trade and relations, particularly with China. Following the Ōnin War (1467–1477), a strong rivalry developed between the Ōuchi and the Hosokawa family, who were then in power. The two clashed at Ningbo in 1523, and as a result the Chinese closed Ningbo to Japanese traders. After the incident, the Ōuchi ships were only allowed to trade in China in 1540 and 1549. The Ōuchi also housed the Portuguese Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier for a time in 1551.
As a result of their wealth and trading contacts, the Ōuchi gained renown in the worlds of art and culture as well. They possessed countless items of cultural and artistic significance and beauty, from Japan and China, as well as from further abroad. Particularly famous was the invitation by Ōuchi Masahiro of the famous painter Sesshū to Yamaguchi in 1486.
In 1551, the daimyōŌuchi Yoshitaka tried to move Emperor Go-Nara and his court from war-torn Kyoto to Yamaguchi. But the Ōuchi's chief military vassals opposed this plan, fearing that imperial courtiers would displace them. This led to the Tainei-ji incident, in which Yoshitaka was forced to commit suicide.[6]Sue Harukata, the leader of the rebellion, installed Ōuchi Yoshinaga as a puppet clan chief, but Yoshinaga was actually the younger brother of long-time Ōuchi rival Ōtomo Sōrin. This ended the Ōuchi line proper.
In 1555, Mōri Motonari, another former vassal of Yoshitaka, defeated Sue Harukata in the Battle of Miyajima. Two years later, Yoshinaga committed suicide, ending the Ōuchi clan.[7]
^下松市史 通史編 (in Japanese). Kudamatsu. 1989. pp. 112–113.
^KBS 역사추적 – 1,400년 만의 귀향, 오우치가의 비밀 / KBS 2009.6.8 방송, retrieved 2023-01-11
^Conlan, Thomas D. (2024). Kings in All but Name: The Lost History of Ouchi Rule in Japan, 1350-1569. Oxford University Press (published January 24, 2024). ISBN978-0197677339.
^Conlan, Thomas (2015). "The Failed Attempt to Move the Emperor to Yamaguchi and the Fall of the Ōuchi". Japanese Studies. 35 (2): 194. doi:10.1080/10371397.2015.1077679. S2CID 143369274. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
^"大内義長（読み）おおうち よしながデジタル版 日本人名大辞典+Plus「大内義長」の解説". kotobank. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
Referencesedit
Sansom, George (1961). A History of Japan: 1334–1615. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Sansom, George Bailey (1962). Japan: A Short Cultural History. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc.
Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. London: Cassell & Co.
Zhang, Yuling (March 2016). "The Expansion and Specialization of the Matsuri in Regional Cities: Focusing on the Idea of Ohuchi Clan Origins and Its Appropriation in the Yamaguchi Tanabata Lantern Festival" (PDF). Kokusai Bunka Gakubu Kiyō (in Japanese). Yamaguchi Prefectural University. 22 (1): 71–86. Retrieved 2018-01-27.
March 17, 2024
Ōuchi, clan, this, japanese, name, surname, Ōuchi, 大内氏, Ōuchi, most, powerful, important, families, western, japan, during, reign, ashikaga, shogunate, 12th, 14th, centuries, their, domains, ruled, from, castle, town, yamaguchi, comprised, provinces, their, he. In this Japanese name the surname is Ōuchi Ōuchi clan 大内氏 Ōuchi shi was one of the most powerful and important families in Western Japan during the reign of the Ashikaga shogunate in the 12th to 14th centuries Their domains ruled from the castle town of Yamaguchi comprised six provinces at their height and the Ōuchi played a major role in supporting the Ashikaga in the Nanboku cho Wars against the Imperial Court The Ōuchi remained powerful up until the 1550s when they were eclipsed by their vassals the Mōri clan Ōuchi大内The emblem mon of the Ōuchi clanHome provinceSuōParent houseBaekje Royal House according to tradition Tatara clan 多々良氏 TitlesVariousFounderŌuchi Morifusa 大内盛房 Final rulerŌuchi YoshinagaFounding year12th centuryDissolution1557Ruled until1557 Ōuchi Yoshinaga commits seppuku Contents 1 History 2 Clan heads 3 Notable retainers 4 Prominent castles 5 Notes 6 ReferencesHistory editLocal legend in modern Yamaguchi City has it that the Ōuchi clan were of Korean origins specifically descended from a prince of Baekje The Ōuchi shi Jitsruroku 大内氏実録 1 a work of the historian Kondō Kiyoshi 近藤清石 1833 1916 is one of the books which adopt this legend However some scholars are in dispute 2 and even traditions are contradictory to each other 3 Modern day members of the Ouchi clan think that there is no dispute and they strongly identify with Baekje 4 According to the Ō uchi Tatarashi fuch ō and the Ōuchi shi Jitsruroku Prince Imseong is their first ancestor Historically the Ōuchi clan emphasized their Korean heritage along with their Japanese identity to establish economic power based on international trade and wield political power 5 Based in Suō Province towards the western end of Honshu the Ōuchi were among the primary families to be involved in foreign trade and relations particularly with China Following the Ōnin War 1467 1477 a strong rivalry developed between the Ōuchi and the Hosokawa family who were then in power The two clashed at Ningbo in 1523 and as a result the Chinese closed Ningbo to Japanese traders After the incident the Ōuchi ships were only allowed to trade in China in 1540 and 1549 The Ōuchi also housed the Portuguese Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier for a time in 1551 As a result of their wealth and trading contacts the Ōuchi gained renown in the worlds of art and culture as well They possessed countless items of cultural and artistic significance and beauty from Japan and China as well as from further abroad Particularly famous was the invitation by Ōuchi Masahiro of the famous painter Sesshu to Yamaguchi in 1486 In 1551 the daimyō Ōuchi Yoshitaka tried to move Emperor Go Nara and his court from war torn Kyoto to Yamaguchi But the Ōuchi s chief military vassals opposed this plan fearing that imperial courtiers would displace them This led to the Tainei ji incident in which Yoshitaka was forced to commit suicide 6 Sue Harukata the leader of the rebellion installed Ōuchi Yoshinaga as a puppet clan chief but Yoshinaga was actually the younger brother of long time Ōuchi rival Ōtomo Sōrin This ended the Ōuchi line proper In 1555 Mōri Motonari another former vassal of Yoshitaka defeated Sue Harukata in the Battle of Miyajima Two years later Yoshinaga committed suicide ending the Ōuchi clan 7 Clan heads editŌuchi Morifusa 大内盛房 Ōuchi Hiromori 大内弘盛 Ōuchi Mitsumori 大内満盛 Ōuchi Hironari 大内弘成 1244 Ōuchi Hirosada 大内弘貞 1286 Ōuchi Hiroie 大内弘家 1274 1300 Ōuchi Shigehiro 大内重弘 1320 Ōuchi Hiroyuki 大内弘幸 1352 Ōuchi Hiroyo 大内弘世 1325 1380 Ōuchi Yoshihiro 大内義弘 1356 1400 Led a revolt against Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu Ōuchi Moriharu 大内盛見 1377 1431 Ōuchi Mochiyo 大内持世 1394 1441 Ōuchi Norihiro 大内教弘 1420 1465 Ōuchi Masahiro 大内政弘 1446 1495 one of Yamana Sōzen s chief generals in the Ōnin War Ōuchi Yoshioki 大内義興 1477 1529 Restored the shogun Ashikaga Yoshitane to power after a fifteen year absence in 1508 Ōuchi Yoshitaka 大内義隆 1507 1551 The lord who oversaw the height of Ōuchi power and saw it end abruptly Ōuchi Yoshinaga 大内義長 1532 1557 The last Ōuchi lord he was the son of Sengoku daimyō Ōtomo Yoshiaki and thus not of Ōuchi blood Notable retainers editSue Harukata Sue Nagafusa Hironaka Takakane Iida OkihideProminent castles editŌuchi shi Yakata Ōuchi clan s main bastion Kōnomine Castle Supporting castle of Ōuchi shi Yakata Wakayama Castle Sue clan s main bastion Katsuyama Castle Tsuwano Castle Tsuchiyama CastleNotes edit 近藤清石 Kondō Kiyoshi 1885 大内氏実録 Ōuchi shi Jitsruroku National Diet Library Zhang 2016 p 74 下松市史 通史編 in Japanese Kudamatsu 1989 pp 112 113 KBS 역사추적 1 400년 만의 귀향 오우치가의 비밀 KBS 2009 6 8 방송 retrieved 2023 01 11 Conlan Thomas D 2024 Kings in All but Name The Lost History of Ouchi Rule in Japan 1350 1569 Oxford University Press published January 24 2024 ISBN 978 0197677339 Conlan Thomas 2015 The Failed Attempt to Move the Emperor to Yamaguchi and the Fall of the Ōuchi Japanese Studies 35 2 194 doi 10 1080 10371397 2015 1077679 S2CID 143369274 Retrieved 6 March 2016 大内義長 読み おおうち よしながデジタル版 日本人名大辞典 Plus 大内義長 の解説 kotobank Retrieved 21 October 2021 References editSansom George 1961 A History of Japan 1334 1615 Stanford Stanford University Press Sansom George Bailey 1962 Japan A Short Cultural History New York Appleton Century Crofts Inc Turnbull Stephen 1998 The Samurai Sourcebook London Cassell amp Co Zhang Yuling March 2016 The Expansion and Specialization of the Matsuri in Regional Cities Focusing on the Idea of Ohuchi Clan Origins and Its Appropriation in the Yamaguchi Tanabata Lantern Festival PDF Kokusai Bunka Gakubu Kiyō in Japanese Yamaguchi Prefectural University 22 1 71 86 Retrieved 2018 01 27 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ōuchi clan amp oldid 1209099309, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
