Princess Adelheid Amalie Gallitzin (also known as Amalia Samuilovna Golitsyna or in Russian as Амалия Самуиловна Голицына; 28 August 1748 – 17 April 1806) was a German salonist. She was the daughter of the PrussianField Marshal Count Samuel von Schmettau and the mother of Prince Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin.
Countess Adelheid Amalia von Schmettau was born in Berlin on 28 August 1748, the daughter of Prussian Field Marshall Count Samuel von Schmettau (1684-1751) and his second wife Maria Johanna von Ruffer (1717-1771). Her father died when she was very young, and at the age of four or five, her mother placed her in an Ursuline convent school in Breslau. She was brought back home to Berlin at the age of nine, and taught by private tutors. At the age of fourteen or fifteen she attended a French finishing academy in the city for two years.[1]
On 28 August 1768, her twentieth birthday, she married the Prince in a chapel at Aix-la-Chapelle. The couple proceeded to Saint Petersburg, where her husband was given a posting as Imperial Ambassador to the Dutch Republic. On the way to The Hague, they stopped in Berlin, where her daughter Princess Marianna was born on 7 December 1769. The family stayed there some time before continuing to The Hague, where on 22 December 1770, her son Prince Demetri was born.[1]
At the age of 24 she forsook society suddenly and devoted herself to the education of her children. She applied herself to the study of mathematics, classical philology, and philosophy under Franz Hemsterhuis, who kindled her enthusiasm for Socratic-Platonic idealism, and later under the name of "Diokles" dedicated to her the "Diotima", his Lettres sur l'atheisme.[2] Although a professing Catholic, she was a great admirer of Diderot.[3]
Bronze commemorative plaque for Goethe's meeting with Princess Gallizin at the Annette-von-Droste-Hülshoff-Gymnasium in Münster
The educational reform introduced by Franz Friedrich Wilhelm von Fürstenberg, Vicar-General of Münster, induced her to take up her residence in the Westphalian capital. She was able to gather around her, at Münster, a mystical-literary cenacle which had a considerable influence on German intellectual and religious life at the time.[3] Here she soon became the centre of a set of intellectual men led by Fürstenberg. This circle also included the gymnasial teachers (whom she incited to the deeper study of Plato), Bernhard Heinrich Overberg, the reformer of popular school education, Clemens August von Droste-Vischering, Count Leopold zu Stolberg, and the philosopher Johann Georg Hamann, who was interred in her garden. The poet Matthias Claudius of the "Wandsbecker Bote" was also a familiar visitor, and Johann Wolfgang Goethe said that his hours in this circle were among his most pleasant recollections.[2]
A severe illness in 1786 led her to the reading of the Christian Bible, and her return to religion. On 28 August 1786, at the insistence of Overberg, she approached the confessional for the first time in many years. Soon afterwards, she made Overberg her chaplain. Under his influence, she underwent a complete change which affected all her surroundings. Her religious life took on a larger importance. She became the centre of the Roman Catholic religious and literary revival in Münster. In those revolutionary times, she provided for the spread of Christian writings, proved a support for the religious faith of many of her friends, and persuaded others, among them Count Stolberg, to make their peace with the Catholic Church in Germany.[2] In 1797 Johann Theodor Katerkamp joined her household as a private tutor.
Portions of her correspondence and diaries were published by Scheuter (Münster, 1874–76) in three parts. She was the mother of the well-known American missionary Prince Demetrius Gallitzin. She died in Angelmodde.
Notes
^ abcBrownson, Sarah. Life of Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin, Prince and Priest, Fr Pustet & Co., New York, 1873
^ abcSchlager, Patricius. "Adele Amalie Gallitzin." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 11 Aug. 2014
^Sudhof, Siegfried, "Gallitzin, Amalia Fürstin", Neue Deutsche Biographie 6 (1964), S. 51-53
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Schlager, Patricius (1909). "Adele Amalie Gallitzin". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
Further reading
Villa, V.M. Títol= Gallitzin, Amalia Adelheid von.. Pàg. 20. González Porto-Bompiani (coord.). Diccionario de autores, vol II. Montaner y Simón,S.A. 1963. Nº Registre:M 3843-63. Dipòsit Legal:B 20872-63 (I). Barcelona.
Di Carlo Seregni, E. Títol=Diario y Epistolario de la princesa Gallitzin. Pàg. 79. González Porto-Bompiani (coord.). González Porto-Bompiani (coord.). Diccionario literario, vol IV. Montaner y Simón,S.A. 1959. Dipòsit Legal:B 1.352-1959. Barcelona.
González Porto-Bompiani (coord.). Diccionario de autores, vol II. Montaner y Simón,S.A. 1963. Nº Registre: M 3843-63. Dipòsit Legal:B 20872-63 (I). Barcelona.
González Porto-Bompiani (coord.). Diccionario literario, vol IV. Montaner y Simón,S.A. 1959. Dipòsit Legal: B 1.352-1959. Barcelona.
Fürsten Amalia von Galitzyn Briefwechsel und Tagebücher, Münster, 1874-1876.
Galland, Die Fürsten Amalia von Galitzyn und ihre Freunde, Cologne, 1880, traduit en français à Lille en 1884, La princesse Amélie Galizine et ses amis.
Hanny Brentano Amalie Duchess of Gallitzin . Herder publishing firm, Freiburg im Breisgau 1910.
Siegfried Sudhoff: The circle of Munster . In: Lexicon of German literature History II 1961 pp. 439ff.
Petra Schulz: Amalie Duchess of Gallitzin (1748-1806): "My soul is on the tip of my pen", 1998 (accompanying the exhibition catalog of the Regional Association of Westphalia).
Mathilda Koehler, Princess Amalie of Gallitzin, 1993.
Markus von Hänsel Hohenhausen: Amalie Princess of Gallitzin, meaning and effect, notes the 200th Date of Death., having contributed about Frans Hemsterhuis and Princess of Marcel F. Fresco and with a literary miniature of Prince Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin drawn by Ilse Pohl, 2005.
Joseph Bernard Nordhoff: Gallitzin, Adelheid Princess Amalia of. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig, 1878, pp. 338–345.
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Adelheid Amalie Gallitzin news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message Princess Adelheid Amalie Gallitzin also known as Amalia Samuilovna Golitsyna or in Russian as Amaliya Samuilovna Golicyna 28 August 1748 17 April 1806 was a German salonist She was the daughter of the Prussian Field Marshal Count Samuel von Schmettau and the mother of Prince Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin Adelheid Amalie Gallitzin Contents 1 Early life 2 Princess Gallitzin 3 Notes 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksEarly life EditCountess Adelheid Amalia von Schmettau was born in Berlin on 28 August 1748 the daughter of Prussian Field Marshall Count Samuel von Schmettau 1684 1751 and his second wife Maria Johanna von Ruffer 1717 1771 Her father died when she was very young and at the age of four or five her mother placed her in an Ursuline convent school in Breslau She was brought back home to Berlin at the age of nine and taught by private tutors At the age of fourteen or fifteen she attended a French finishing academy in the city for two years 1 After leaving finishing school Amalie was introduced into society and invited to become one of the maids of honor to Margravine Elisabeth Louise of Brandenburg Schwedt wife of Prince Ferdinand brother of Frederick the Great In 1768 while on an excursion with Princess Ferdinand and other ladies of court to the spa at Aachen that she met Prince Dimitri Gallitzin Prince Gallitzin was returning to Saint Petersburg having completed fourteen years serving as Catherine the Great s ambassador to France 1 Princess Gallitzin Edit Princess Gallitzin in the circle of her friends On 28 August 1768 her twentieth birthday she married the Prince in a chapel at Aix la Chapelle The couple proceeded to Saint Petersburg where her husband was given a posting as Imperial Ambassador to the Dutch Republic On the way to The Hague they stopped in Berlin where her daughter Princess Marianna was born on 7 December 1769 The family stayed there some time before continuing to The Hague where on 22 December 1770 her son Prince Demetri was born 1 At the age of 24 she forsook society suddenly and devoted herself to the education of her children She applied herself to the study of mathematics classical philology and philosophy under Franz Hemsterhuis who kindled her enthusiasm for Socratic Platonic idealism and later under the name of Diokles dedicated to her the Diotima his Lettres sur l atheisme 2 Although a professing Catholic she was a great admirer of Diderot 3 Bronze commemorative plaque for Goethe s meeting with Princess Gallizin at the Annette von Droste Hulshoff Gymnasium in Munster The educational reform introduced by Franz Friedrich Wilhelm von Furstenberg Vicar General of Munster induced her to take up her residence in the Westphalian capital She was able to gather around her at Munster a mystical literary cenacle which had a considerable influence on German intellectual and religious life at the time 3 Here she soon became the centre of a set of intellectual men led by Furstenberg This circle also included the gymnasial teachers whom she incited to the deeper study of Plato Bernhard Heinrich Overberg the reformer of popular school education Clemens August von Droste Vischering Count Leopold zu Stolberg and the philosopher Johann Georg Hamann who was interred in her garden The poet Matthias Claudius of the Wandsbecker Bote was also a familiar visitor and Johann Wolfgang Goethe said that his hours in this circle were among his most pleasant recollections 2 A severe illness in 1786 led her to the reading of the Christian Bible and her return to religion On 28 August 1786 at the insistence of Overberg she approached the confessional for the first time in many years Soon afterwards she made Overberg her chaplain Under his influence she underwent a complete change which affected all her surroundings Her religious life took on a larger importance She became the centre of the Roman Catholic religious and literary revival in Munster In those revolutionary times she provided for the spread of Christian writings proved a support for the religious faith of many of her friends and persuaded others among them Count Stolberg to make their peace with the Catholic Church in Germany 2 In 1797 Johann Theodor Katerkamp joined her household as a private tutor She was known for gentle charity particularly towards refugee priests intellectuals and members of the French nobility fleeing from the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror 4 Portions of her correspondence and diaries were published by Scheuter Munster 1874 76 in three parts She was the mother of the well known American missionary Prince Demetrius Gallitzin She died in Angelmodde Notes Edit a b c Brownson Sarah Life of Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin Prince and Priest Fr Pustet amp Co New York 1873 a b c Schlager Patricius Adele Amalie Gallitzin The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol 6 New York Robert Appleton Company 1909 11 Aug 2014 a b Gallitzin Adelheid Amalie Treccani Sudhof Siegfried Gallitzin Amalia Furstin Neue Deutsche Biographie 6 1964 S 51 53References Edit This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Schlager Patricius 1909 Adele Amalie Gallitzin In Herbermann Charles ed Catholic Encyclopedia Vol 6 New York Robert Appleton Company Further reading EditVilla V M Titol Gallitzin Amalia Adelheid von Pag 20 Gonzalez Porto Bompiani coord Diccionario de autores vol II Montaner y Simon S A 1963 Nº Registre M 3843 63 Diposit Legal B 20872 63 I Barcelona Di Carlo Seregni E Titol Diario y Epistolario de la princesa Gallitzin Pag 79 Gonzalez Porto Bompiani coord Gonzalez Porto Bompiani coord Diccionario literario vol IV Montaner y Simon S A 1959 Diposit Legal B 1 352 1959 Barcelona Gonzalez Porto Bompiani coord Diccionario de autores vol II Montaner y Simon S A 1963 Nº Registre M 3843 63 Diposit Legal B 20872 63 I Barcelona Gonzalez Porto Bompiani coord Diccionario literario vol IV Montaner y Simon S A 1959 Diposit Legal B 1 352 1959 Barcelona Fursten Amalia von Galitzyn Briefwechsel und Tagebucher Munster 1874 1876 Galland Die Fursten Amalia von Galitzyn und ihre Freunde Cologne 1880 traduit en francais a Lille en 1884 La princesse Amelie Galizine et ses amis Hanny Brentano Amalie Duchess of Gallitzin Herder publishing firm Freiburg im Breisgau 1910 Siegfried Sudhoff The circle of Munster In Lexicon of German literature History II 1961 pp 439ff Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz Amalie of Gallitzin In Biographisch Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon BBKL Volume 2 Bautz Hamm 1990 ISBN 3 88309 032 8 170 172 Sp Petra Schulz Amalie Duchess of Gallitzin 1748 1806 My soul is on the tip of my pen 1998 accompanying the exhibition catalog of the Regional Association of Westphalia Mathilda Koehler Princess Amalie of Gallitzin 1993 Markus von Hansel Hohenhausen Amalie Princess of Gallitzin meaning and effect notes the 200th Date of Death having contributed about Frans Hemsterhuis and Princess of Marcel F Fresco and with a literary miniature of Prince Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin drawn by Ilse Pohl 2005 Joseph Bernard Nordhoff Gallitzin Adelheid Princess Amalia of In Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie ADB Volume 8 Duncker amp Humblot Leipzig 1878 pp 338 345 External links Edithttp viaf org viaf 5722315 https web archive org web 20041103085410 http www uni muenster de Rektorat veranst vst0229 htm Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Adelheid Amalie Gallitzin amp oldid 1120594549, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
