Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts (20 November 1753 – 4 August 1825) was a Belgian-born lawyer, rector magnificus of the University of Louvain, who became Minister of Justice of the French Republic, during the Directoire. Later he was a deputy from 1819 to 1824.
Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts was born in Sint-Truiden, Belgium, on 20 November 1753. His father was Gilles de Lambrechts, a colonel in the army of the States General of the Netherlands.[1] He studied civil and canon law at Leuven.[2] He graduated in 1774, became a professor in 1777 and a doctor in 1782. He was elected rector of the university in 1786.[1]
In the year 1778 he was initiated to the Lodge The True and Perfect Harmony of Mons.[3]
In 1788 the Emperor Joseph II charged Lambrechts with visiting the universities of Germany.[2] The goal was for him to study legal education in Germany with the promise that when he returned he would be given the chair of public law and international law in Leuven. The Brabant Revolution (January 1789 – December 1790) upset this plan. Lambrechts sided with the emperor, left Belgium, and only returned after the restoration of imperial authority.[1] In 1793 he established himself in Brussels to practice as an attorney.[4]
French Revolutionedit
Lambrechts declared himself a supporter of the Revolution after the French entered Belgium. He became a municipal officer in Brussels, a member of the central government, then President of the central administration of the Department of Dyle. In 1797, the French Directory appointed him to replace Merlin de Douai at the Ministry of Justice. He held this position from 3 Vendémiaire VI (24 Septembre 1797) to 3 Messidor VIII (22 June 1800). He was a candidate to become a Director when Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès was chosen in place of Jean-François Rewbell.[1] In January 1798 Lambrechts defined the principles that would be followed in the territories occupied by the French armies, writing that servitude was accompanied by ignorance, and freedom could only come when the people were enlightened. They must therefore learn French in school so they could become virtuous citizens.[5]
Lambrechts spoke out against Napoleon Bonaparte's accumulation of power, and was one of three senators who voted against establishment of the empire.[2] Despite this, he was appointed a member of the Legion of Honour on 9 Vendémiaire XII (2 October 1803) and was created Count of the Empire on 13 May 1808.[1] In 1814 Lambrechts was at the head of the minority, and wrote the preamble to the act of deposition of Napoleon.[2][a] He was a member of the commission to prepare a new constitution. However, King Louis XVIII of France refused to sanction it.[1] Lambrechts refused to give his oath to the emperor during the Hundred Days.[2] He retired to private life during the Hundred Days, and did not return to politics until 1819, after the second Bourbon Restoration.[7]
Bourbon Restorationedit
On 11 September 1819 Lambrechts was elected to the chamber of deputies for two departments.[1] His health prevented him from appearing except on rare occasions. Lambrechts died on 4 August 1825. He left part of his fortune to various charitable institutions.[2]
Charles Joseph Mathieu De Lambrechts (1790). Lettre de monsieur de Lambrechts docteur en droit & professeur à l'Université de Louvain. Ecrite au comte de Trauttmansdorff le 20. Septembre 1789. de l'Imprimerie patriotique. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
Rapport sur les peines à infliger dans l'armée navale, et dans les ports et arsenaux fait au nom du Comité de la marine Séance du 16 août 1790
Le ministre de la justice aux tribunaux civils, criminels et correctionnels, aux commissaires du Directoire exécutif établis près de ces tribunaux.
Observations d'un citoyen du département des Deux-Nèthes sur les opérations des deux fractions de l'Assemblée électorale du même département 1799|Hacquart
Charles Joseph Mathieu De Lambrechts (1815). Principes politiques. Paris: Mme Marchant. p. 132.
Charles-Joseph-Mathieu Lambrechts (1818). Quelques réflexions à l'occasion du livre de M. l'abbé Franssinous, intitulé : "Des vrais principes de l'église Gallicane". Paris: Alexis Eymery. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
Referencesedit
Notes
^According to Lafayette, Lambrechts did not write the proposal to depose Napoleon, which was the work of Antoine Destutt de Tracy. He did write the preamble.[6]
^Paul Duchaine, La franc-maçonnerie belge au XVIIIe siècle, Brussels, 1911, p. 103: " dans la suite plusieurs professeurs (de Louvain) et plusieurs étudiants se firent encore initier aux mystères maçonniques, Fery (N. B. Martin François Joseph Fery, professeur de philosophie à Louvain) et Lambrechts, Verhulst et Van der Stegen notamment" et Adolphe Cordier, Histoire de l'ordre maçonnique en Belgique, Mons, 1854, p. 337: "Tableau des membres de la loge la Vraie et Parfaite Harmonie à Mons: 117: Lambrechts, professeur de droit à l'université de Louvain, Init., 1778".
Becdelièvre-Hamal, Antoine-Gabriel de (1837). "Lambrechts (Charles Joseph Mathieu, Comte de)". Biographie liègeoise: ou précis historique et chronologique de toutes les personnes que se sont rendues célèbres par leurs talens, leurs vertues ou leurs actions dans l'ancien diocèse et pays de Liège, les duchés de Limbourg et de Bouillon, le pays de Stavelot, et la ville de. Jeunehomme. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
Kennedy, Emmet (1978). A philosophe in the age of revolution, Destutt de Tracy and the origins of "ideology". American Philosophical Society. ISBN978-0-87169-129-3. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
"Lambrechts, Charles Joseph Mathieu (1753–1823)". . Bruxelles: Ode. 1844. Archived from the original on 2015-05-04. Retrieved 2014-06-10.
Robert, Adolphe; Cougny, Gaston (1891). "Lambrechts (Charles Joseph Mathieu, Comte de)". Dictionnaire des parlementaires français de 1789 à 1889(PDF). Vol. 3. Retrieved 2014-06-10.
Rowe, Michael (2003-07-31). From Reich to State: The Rhineland in the Revolutionary Age, 1780–1830. Cambridge University Press. ISBN978-1-139-44065-3. Retrieved 2014-06-11.
April 18, 2024
charles, joseph, mathieu, lambrechts, november, 1753, august, 1825, belgian, born, lawyer, rector, magnificus, university, louvain, became, minister, justice, french, republic, during, directoire, later, deputy, from, 1819, 1824, born, 1753, november, 1753sint. Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts 20 November 1753 4 August 1825 was a Belgian born lawyer rector magnificus of the University of Louvain who became Minister of Justice of the French Republic during the Directoire Later he was a deputy from 1819 to 1824 Charles Joseph Mathieu LambrechtsBorn 1753 11 20 20 November 1753Sint Truiden BelgiumDied4 August 1825 1825 08 04 aged 71 ParisNationalityBelgian FrenchOccupation s Lawyer politiciansKnown forMinister of Justice Contents 1 Early years 2 French Revolution 3 Empire 4 Bourbon Restoration 5 Works 6 ReferencesEarly years editCharles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts was born in Sint Truiden Belgium on 20 November 1753 His father was Gilles de Lambrechts a colonel in the army of the States General of the Netherlands 1 He studied civil and canon law at Leuven 2 He graduated in 1774 became a professor in 1777 and a doctor in 1782 He was elected rector of the university in 1786 1 In the year 1778 he was initiated to the Lodge The True and Perfect Harmony of Mons 3 In 1788 the Emperor Joseph II charged Lambrechts with visiting the universities of Germany 2 The goal was for him to study legal education in Germany with the promise that when he returned he would be given the chair of public law and international law in Leuven The Brabant Revolution January 1789 December 1790 upset this plan Lambrechts sided with the emperor left Belgium and only returned after the restoration of imperial authority 1 In 1793 he established himself in Brussels to practice as an attorney 4 French Revolution editLambrechts declared himself a supporter of the Revolution after the French entered Belgium He became a municipal officer in Brussels a member of the central government then President of the central administration of the Department of Dyle In 1797 the French Directory appointed him to replace Merlin de Douai at the Ministry of Justice He held this position from 3 Vendemiaire VI 24 Septembre 1797 to 3 Messidor VIII 22 June 1800 He was a candidate to become a Director when Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes was chosen in place of Jean Francois Rewbell 1 In January 1798 Lambrechts defined the principles that would be followed in the territories occupied by the French armies writing that servitude was accompanied by ignorance and freedom could only come when the people were enlightened They must therefore learn French in school so they could become virtuous citizens 5 After the coup of 18 Brumaire VIII 9 November 1799 when the French Consulate came to power Lambrechts was made a member of the Senat conservateur 2 He was appointed to the Senate on 3 Nivose VIII 24 December 1799 1 Empire editLambrechts spoke out against Napoleon Bonaparte s accumulation of power and was one of three senators who voted against establishment of the empire 2 Despite this he was appointed a member of the Legion of Honour on 9 Vendemiaire XII 2 October 1803 and was created Count of the Empire on 13 May 1808 1 In 1814 Lambrechts was at the head of the minority and wrote the preamble to the act of deposition of Napoleon 2 a He was a member of the commission to prepare a new constitution However King Louis XVIII of France refused to sanction it 1 Lambrechts refused to give his oath to the emperor during the Hundred Days 2 He retired to private life during the Hundred Days and did not return to politics until 1819 after the second Bourbon Restoration 7 Bourbon Restoration editOn 11 September 1819 Lambrechts was elected to the chamber of deputies for two departments 1 His health prevented him from appearing except on rare occasions Lambrechts died on 4 August 1825 He left part of his fortune to various charitable institutions 2 Works editLambrechts surviving published works include 8 Charles Joseph Mathieu De Lambrechts 1790 Lettre de monsieur de Lambrechts docteur en droit amp professeur a l Universite de Louvain Ecrite au comte de Trauttmansdorff le 20 Septembre 1789 de l Imprimerie patriotique Retrieved 2014 06 11 Rapport sur les peines a infliger dans l armee navale et dans les ports et arsenaux fait au nom du Comite de la marine Seance du 16 aout 1790 Le ministre de la justice aux tribunaux civils criminels et correctionnels aux commissaires du Directoire executif etablis pres de ces tribunaux Observations d un citoyen du departement des Deux Nethes sur les operations des deux fractions de l Assemblee electorale du meme departement 1799 Hacquart Charles Joseph Mathieu De Lambrechts 1815 Principes politiques Paris Mme Marchant p 132 Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts 1818 Quelques reflexions a l occasion du livre de M l abbe Franssinous intitule Des vrais principes de l eglise Gallicane Paris Alexis Eymery Retrieved 2014 06 11 References editNotes According to Lafayette Lambrechts did not write the proposal to depose Napoleon which was the work of Antoine Destutt de Tracy He did write the preamble 6 Citations a b c d e f g h Robert amp Cougny 1891 p 562 a b c d e f g Lambrechts Charles Joseph Mathieu Ode Paul Duchaine La franc maconnerie belge au XVIIIe siecle Brussels 1911 p 103 dans la suite plusieurs professeurs de Louvain et plusieurs etudiants se firent encore initier aux mysteres maconniques Fery N B Martin Francois Joseph Fery professeur de philosophie a Louvain et Lambrechts Verhulst et Van der Stegen notamment et Adolphe Cordier Histoire de l ordre maconnique en Belgique Mons 1854 p 337 Tableau des membres de la loge la Vraie et Parfaite Harmonie a Mons 117 Lambrechts professeur de droit a l universite de Louvain Init 1778 Becdelievre Hamal 1837 p 682 Rowe 2003 p 120 Kennedy 1978 p 220 Becdelievre Hamal 1837 p 683 Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts BNF Sources Becdelievre Hamal Antoine Gabriel de 1837 Lambrechts Charles Joseph Mathieu Comte de Biographie liegeoise ou precis historique et chronologique de toutes les personnes que se sont rendues celebres par leurs talens leurs vertues ou leurs actions dans l ancien diocese et pays de Liege les duches de Limbourg et de Bouillon le pays de Stavelot et la ville de Jeunehomme Retrieved 2014 06 11 Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts BNF Retrieved 2014 06 10 Kennedy Emmet 1978 A philosophe in the age of revolution Destutt de Tracy and the origins of ideology American Philosophical Society ISBN 978 0 87169 129 3 Retrieved 2014 06 11 Lambrechts Charles Joseph Mathieu 1753 1823 Biographie universelle Bruxelles Ode 1844 Archived from the original on 2015 05 04 Retrieved 2014 06 10 Robert Adolphe Cougny Gaston 1891 Lambrechts Charles Joseph Mathieu Comte de Dictionnaire des parlementaires francais de 1789 a 1889 PDF Vol 3 Retrieved 2014 06 10 Rowe Michael 2003 07 31 From Reich to State The Rhineland in the Revolutionary Age 1780 1830 Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 1 139 44065 3 Retrieved 2014 06 11 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts amp oldid 1215024622, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
