Upon commissioning, I-370 was attached to the Sasebo Naval District and was assigned to Submarine Squadron 11 for workups.[2] In January 1945, she was converted from a transport submarine into a kaitensuicide attacktorpedo carrier, the conversion involving the removal of her 140-millimeter (5.5 in) and Daihatsu-classlanding craft and their replacement with fittings allowing her to carry five kaitens on her deck,[2] as well as the installation of Type 22 surface-search radar.[2] On 10 January 1945, she and the submarine I-368 took part in simulated kaiten attacks against towed targets in the Seto Inland Sea that lasted 15 days.[2]
The Battle of Iwo Jima began on 19 February 1945 when U.S. forces landed on Iwo Jima.[2] The Japanese formed the ChihayaKaiten Group, made up of I-370, I-368, and the submarine I-44, with orders to proceed to the waters off Iwo Jima and attack American ships there.[2] On 21 February 1945, I-370 got underway from the kaiten base at Hikari and set course for Iwo Jima, where she was expected to begin kaiten attacks on 26 February 1945.[2]
I-370 was on the surface just after dawn on 26 February 1945 preparing to launch all five of her kaitens to attack nine empty American transports steaming from Iwo Jima to Saipan when one of their escorts, the United States Navydestroyer escortUSS Finnegan (DE-307), detected her on radar.[2]Finnegan closed the range.[2] Eight minutes after Finnegan detected I-370, I-370 crash-dived and broke radar contact with Finnegan, but at 0659 Finnegan acquired I-370 on sonar.[2]Finnegan launched an unsuccessful Hedgehog attack, followed by a pattern of 13 depth charges set to explode deep.[2] She launched another Hedgehog attack, then dropped a pattern of 13 depth charges set for medium depth at around 10:00.[2] At around 10:05, Finnegan′s crew heard a deep rumbling sound, then observed air bubbles reaching the surface followed by an explosion.[2]
It marked the end of I-370, sunk with the loss of all 84 men on board — her entire crew of 79 and all five embarked kaiten pilots — at 22°44′N141°26′E / 22.733°N 141.433°E / 22.733; 141.433 (I-370).[2] She was both the first submarine of the Chihaya Group and the first transport submarine converted into a kaiten carrier to be lost.[2] A fuel oil slick at the scene of her sinking eventually covered an area of 4 by 2 nautical miles (7.4 by 3.7 km; 4.6 by 2.3 mi).[2]
On 6 March 1945, the Japanese ordered I-370 to return to Japan, but she never acknowledged the order.[2] On 14 March 1945, the Imperial Japanese Navy declared I-370 to be presumed lost with all hands off Iwo Jima.[2] She was stricken from the Navy list on 10 April 1945.[2]
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwHackett, Bob; Kingsepp, Sander (2014). "IJN Submarine I-370: Tabular Record of Movement". combinedfleet.com. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
Sourcesedit
Hackett, Bob & Kingsepp, Sander. IJN Submarine I-370: Tabular Record of Movement. Retrieved on September 16, 2020.
April 27, 2024
japanese, submarine, imperial, japanese, navy, type, transport, submarine, completed, commissioned, september, 1944, served, world, converted, into, kaiten, suicide, attack, torpedo, carrier, january, 1945, sunk, february, 1945, while, operating, during, battl. I 370 was an Imperial Japanese Navy Type D1 transport submarine Completed and commissioned in September 1944 she served in World War II and was converted into a kaiten suicide attack torpedo carrier in January 1945 She was sunk in February 1945 while operating during the Battle of Iwo Jima I 370 at Otsujima Naval Base in Japan on 21 February 1945 History Japan NameSubmarine No 5470 BuilderMitsubishi Kobe Japan Laid down4 December 1943 Launched26 May 1944 RenamedI 370 on 26 May 1944 Completed4 September 1944 Commissioned4 September 1944 FateSunk by USS Finnegan 26 February 1945 Stricken10 April 1945 General characteristics Class and typeType D1 submarine Displacement1 440 long tons 1 463 t surfaced 2 215 long tons 2 251 t submerged Length73 50 m 241 ft 2 in overall Beam8 90 m 29 ft 2 in Draft4 76 m 15 ft 7 in Propulsion2 Kampon Mk 23B Model 8 diesels 1 850 bhp surfaced 1 200 shp submerged 2 shafts Speed13 0 knots 24 1 km h surfaced 6 5 knots 12 0 km h submerged Range15 000 nmi 28 000 km at 10 knots 19 km h surfaced 120 nmi 220 km at 3 knots 5 6 km h submerged Test depth75 m 246 ft Boats amp landing craft carried2 x Daihatsu class landing craft removed January 1945 Capacity85 tons freight Complement55 Sensors and processing systems1 Type 22 surface search radar 1 Type 13 early warning radar Armament1 14 cm 40 11th Year Type naval gun 1 removed January 1945 2 Type 96 25mm AA guns 5 x kaiten suicide attack torpedoes added January 1945 Contents 1 Construction and commissioning 2 Service history 3 Notes 4 SourcesConstruction and commissioning editI 370 was laid down on 4 December 1943 by Mitsubishi at Kobe Japan with the name Submarine No 5470 2 She was launched on 26 May 1944 2 and renamed I 370 that day 2 She was completed and commissioned on 4 September 1944 2 Service history editUpon commissioning I 370 was attached to the Sasebo Naval District and was assigned to Submarine Squadron 11 for workups 2 In January 1945 she was converted from a transport submarine into a kaiten suicide attack torpedo carrier the conversion involving the removal of her 140 millimeter 5 5 in and Daihatsu class landing craft and their replacement with fittings allowing her to carry five kaitens on her deck 2 as well as the installation of Type 22 surface search radar 2 On 10 January 1945 she and the submarine I 368 took part in simulated kaiten attacks against towed targets in the Seto Inland Sea that lasted 15 days 2 The Battle of Iwo Jima began on 19 February 1945 when U S forces landed on Iwo Jima 2 The Japanese formed the Chihaya Kaiten Group made up of I 370 I 368 and the submarine I 44 with orders to proceed to the waters off Iwo Jima and attack American ships there 2 On 21 February 1945 I 370 got underway from the kaiten base at Hikari and set course for Iwo Jima where she was expected to begin kaiten attacks on 26 February 1945 2 I 370 was on the surface just after dawn on 26 February 1945 preparing to launch all five of her kaitens to attack nine empty American transports steaming from Iwo Jima to Saipan when one of their escorts the United States Navy destroyer escort USS Finnegan DE 307 detected her on radar 2 Finnegan closed the range 2 Eight minutes after Finnegan detected I 370 I 370 crash dived and broke radar contact with Finnegan but at 0659 Finnegan acquired I 370 on sonar 2 Finnegan launched an unsuccessful Hedgehog attack followed by a pattern of 13 depth charges set to explode deep 2 She launched another Hedgehog attack then dropped a pattern of 13 depth charges set for medium depth at around 10 00 2 At around 10 05 Finnegan s crew heard a deep rumbling sound then observed air bubbles reaching the surface followed by an explosion 2 It marked the end of I 370 sunk with the loss of all 84 men on board her entire crew of 79 and all five embarked kaiten pilots at 22 44 N 141 26 E 22 733 N 141 433 E 22 733 141 433 I 370 2 She was both the first submarine of the Chihaya Group and the first transport submarine converted into a kaiten carrier to be lost 2 A fuel oil slick at the scene of her sinking eventually covered an area of 4 by 2 nautical miles 7 4 by 3 7 km 4 6 by 2 3 mi 2 On 6 March 1945 the Japanese ordered I 370 to return to Japan but she never acknowledged the order 2 On 14 March 1945 the Imperial Japanese Navy declared I 370 to be presumed lost with all hands off Iwo Jima 2 She was stricken from the Navy list on 10 April 1945 2 Notes edit Campbell John Naval Weapons of World War Two ISBN 0 87021 459 4 p 191 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Hackett Bob Kingsepp Sander 2014 IJN Submarine I 370 Tabular Record of Movement combinedfleet com Retrieved 16 September 2020 Sources editHackett Bob amp Kingsepp Sander IJN Submarine I 370 Tabular Record of Movement Retrieved on September 16 2020 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Japanese submarine I 370 amp oldid 1170282040, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
