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Sensory design

January 10, 2023

For sensory design applied to a product's branding, see Sensory branding.

Sensory design aims to establish an overall diagnosis of the sensory perceptions of a product, and define appropriate means to design or redesign it on that basis. It involves an observation of the diverse and varying situations in which a given product or object is used in order to measure the users' overall opinion of the product, its positive and negative aspects in terms of tactility, appearance, sound and so on.

Sensory assessment aims to quantify and describe, in a systematic manner, all human perceptions when confronted with a product or object. Contrary to traditional laboratory analysis, a sensory analysis of a product is either carried out by a panel of trained testers, or by specialized test equipment designed to mimic the perception of humans.

The result allows researchers to establish a list of specifications and to set out a precise and quantified requirement. These are applied to materials and objects using various criteria:

  • Touch, textures, compliance, friction.
  • Vision color, luminosity, shape, pattern.
  • Sounds and movements made when a product is handled;
  • Smell;
  • Taste;
  • Temperature and perceived thermal properties

Use in Transportation

In the transportation sphere, sensory analysis are sometimes translated into minor enhancements to the design for a vehicle interior, information system, or station environment to smooth some of the rougher edges of the travel experience.[1] For example, specialized air purifying equipment can be used to design a more pleasant odor in train compartments.[2]

Use in Food and Beverage Industry

Sensory design plays a critical role the modern food and beverage industry.[3] The food and beverage industry attempts to maintain specific sensory experiences. In addition to smell and flavor, the color (e.g. ripe fruits)[4] and texture of food (e.g. potato chips) are also important. Even the environment is important as "Color affects the appetite, in essence, the taste of food".[2]

Food is a multi-sensorial experience in which all five senses (vision, touch, sound, smell and taste) come together to create a strong memory.[5]

In food marketing, the goal of the marketers is to design their products so that those food and beverage would stimulate as many senses of the customers.

At restaurants, many sensorial aspects such as the interior design (vision), texture of the chairs and tables (touch), background music and the noise level (sound), openness of the kitchen and cooking scene (smell and vision), and of course, the food itself (taste), all come together before a customer decides if he or she likes the experience and would want to revisit.[6]

 
Vestibular sense system, the "sixth sense"

While multi-sensory experiences were only subjected to a few categories in the past, in modern day, the spectrum has expanded to acknowledge the importance of sensory design. Food used to be considered strictly as an experience for taste. Now, as the multi-sensorial trait of food has been known, marketers of food products and restaurants focus more on providing services that extend beyond the sense of taste.

In recent research, the role of vestibular sense, a system that contributes to sense of balance and space, has been highlighted in relation to food. Often be referred as "the sixth sense", researches show that vestibular senses that are exhibited through people's postures while eating, can shape their perceptions for food. In general, people tend to rate food as better-tasting when they consume it while sitting down, compared to standing up. The researches conclude that the perception of food and vestibular system is in the result of the different stress levels caused according to the postures.

Use in Architecture

Similar to food that used to be regarded merely as an experience of taste, architecture in the past used to be subjected only to sense of vision, which is why much of architectural products relied on visual forms of photographs, or television. In contrast, architecture has become a multi-sensorial experience in which people visit the architectural sites and feel the various sensorial aspects such as the texture of the building, background noise and the scent of the surrounding area, and the overall look of the building in coordination with the nature and the area.[7]

Furthermore, there is a type of design in architecture field called "responsive architecture", which is a design that interacts with people.[8] This kind of architecture could promote the occupants' lifestyle if sensory design is properly applied. For instance, if a responsive architecture is helping an occupant with a goal to exercise more, sensory design can arrange its environmental stimuli in time along an occupant’s path, like a space may serve to feed occupants through their senses to inspire and teach exercise at just the right time and in just the right way.[8] When it comes to the experience of architecture, our visual senses only play a small part.[9] This is also why when architects are designing, they need to think of "after-the-moment" experience instead of merely "in-the-moment" experience for the occupants.

Sensory Design Technologies

While classically limited to the perception of trained sensory experts, advances in sensors and computation have allowed objective quantified measurements of sensory information to be acquired, quantified and communicated leading to improved design communication, translation from prototype to production, and quality assurance. Sensory areas that have been objectively quantified include vision, touch, and smell.

Vision

In vision both light and color are considered in sensory design. Early light meters (called extinction meters) relied on the human eye to gauge and quantify the amount of light. Subsequently, analog and digital light meters have been popularized for photography. Work by Lawrence Herbert in the 1960s lead to a systematic combination of lighting and color samples required to quantify colors by human eye. This became the basis for the Pantone Matching System. Combining this with specialized light meters allowed digital color meters to be invented and popularized.

Touch

Touch plays an important role in a variety of products and is increasingly considered in product design and marketing efforts and has led to a more scientific approach to tactile design and marketing.[10] Classical the field of tribology has developed various tests to evaluate interacting surfaces in relative motion with a focus on measuring friction, lubrication, and wear. However these measurements do not correlate with human perception.[11]

Alternative methods for evaluating how materials feel were first popularized from work initiated at Kyoto University.[12] The Kawabata evaluation system developed six measurements [13] of how fabrics feel. The SynTouch Haptics Profiles [14] produced by the SynTouch Toccare Haptics Measurement System that incorporates a biomimetic tactile sensor to quantify 15 dimensions of touch based on psychophysics research performed with over 3000 materials.[11]

Smell

Measuring odors has remained difficult. A variety of techniques have been attempted but “Most measures have had a subjective component that makes them anachronistic with modern methodology in experimental behavioral science, indeterminate regarding the extent of individual differences, unusable with infra humans and of unproved ability to discern small differences”.[15] New methods for robotic exploration of smell are being proposed.[16]

References

  1. ^ Kingsley, Nick. "Railway Gazette: Sensolab drives interior experimentation".
  2. ^ a b Leone, Catherine. "Come to Your Senses". International Interior Design Association. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
  3. ^ Moskowitz, Howard (2012-04-03). Sensory and Consumer Research in Food Product Design and Development (2 ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-8138-1366-0.
  4. ^ Mendoza, Fernando (2006). "Calibrated color measurements of agricultural foods using image analysis". Postharvest Biology and Technology. 41 (3): 285–295. doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.04.004.
  5. ^ Garg, Parth (2019-07-30). "How multi-sensory design can help you create memorable experiences". Medium. Retrieved 2020-06-03.
  6. ^ Baron, Courtney. "Pro Quest Research Library". doi:10.5260/cca.199462. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. ^ "Making Sense of Architecture." Blueprint, no. 358, 2018, pp. 38-42,45. ProQuest 2042167099.
  8. ^ a b "How Sensory Design Can Help Responsive Architecture Be More Effective". www.mlldesignlab.com. Retrieved 2020-07-03.
  9. ^ "This Week in Architecture: More than Visual". ArchDaily. 2018-10-20. Retrieved 2020-07-03.
  10. ^ Spence, Charles (3 March 2015). "Multisensory design: Reaching out to touch the consumer". Psychology and Marketing. 28 (3): 267–308. doi:10.1002/mar.20392.
  11. ^ a b Fishel, Jeremy (18 June 2012). "Bayesian exploration for intelligent identification of textures". Frontiers in Neurorobotics. 6: 4. doi:10.3389/fnbot.2012.00004. PMC 3389458. PMID 22783186.
  12. ^ . Kawabata Laboratory. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09.
  13. ^ Lahey, Timothy (2002). "Modelling Hysteresis in the Bending of Fabrics" (PDF): 17–21. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  14. ^ "Tactile Characterization". SynTouch. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
  15. ^ Wise, Paul (2000). "Quantification of Odor Quality". Chemical Senses. 25 (4): 429–443. doi:10.1093/chemse/25.4.429. PMID 10944507.
  16. ^ Loutfi, Amy (8 June 2006). "Smell, think and act: A cognitive robot discriminating odours". Autonomous Robots. 20 (3): 239–249. doi:10.1007/s10514-006-7098-8. S2CID 12928304.

Bibliography

  • Joy Monice Malnar and Frank Vodvarka, Sensory Design, (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2004). ISBN 0-8166-3959-0
  • (in French) Louise Bonnamy, Jean-François Bassereau, Régine Charvet-Pello. Design sensoriel. Techniques de l'ingénieur, 2009
  • (in French) Jean-François Bassereau, Régine Charvet-Pello. Dictionnaire des mots du sensoriel. Paris, Tec & Doc - Editions Lavoisier, 2011, 544 p. ISBN 2-7430-1277-3

See also

January 10, 2023
sensory, design, sensory, design, applied, product, branding, sensory, branding, aims, establish, overall, diagnosis, sensory, perceptions, product, define, appropriate, means, design, redesign, that, basis, involves, observation, diverse, varying, situations,. For sensory design applied to a product s branding see Sensory branding Sensory design aims to establish an overall diagnosis of the sensory perceptions of a product and define appropriate means to design or redesign it on that basis It involves an observation of the diverse and varying situations in which a given product or object is used in order to measure the users overall opinion of the product its positive and negative aspects in terms of tactility appearance sound and so on Sensory assessment aims to quantify and describe in a systematic manner all human perceptions when confronted with a product or object Contrary to traditional laboratory analysis a sensory analysis of a product is either carried out by a panel of trained testers or by specialized test equipment designed to mimic the perception of humans The result allows researchers to establish a list of specifications and to set out a precise and quantified requirement These are applied to materials and objects using various criteria Touch textures compliance friction Vision color luminosity shape pattern Sounds and movements made when a product is handled Smell Taste Temperature and perceived thermal propertiesContents 1 Use in Transportation 2 Use in Food and Beverage Industry 3 Use in Architecture 4 Sensory Design Technologies 4 1 Vision 4 2 Touch 4 3 Smell 5 References 6 Bibliography 7 See alsoUse in Transportation EditIn the transportation sphere sensory analysis are sometimes translated into minor enhancements to the design for a vehicle interior information system or station environment to smooth some of the rougher edges of the travel experience 1 For example specialized air purifying equipment can be used to design a more pleasant odor in train compartments 2 Use in Food and Beverage Industry EditSensory design plays a critical role the modern food and beverage industry 3 The food and beverage industry attempts to maintain specific sensory experiences In addition to smell and flavor the color e g ripe fruits 4 and texture of food e g potato chips are also important Even the environment is important as Color affects the appetite in essence the taste of food 2 Food is a multi sensorial experience in which all five senses vision touch sound smell and taste come together to create a strong memory 5 In food marketing the goal of the marketers is to design their products so that those food and beverage would stimulate as many senses of the customers At restaurants many sensorial aspects such as the interior design vision texture of the chairs and tables touch background music and the noise level sound openness of the kitchen and cooking scene smell and vision and of course the food itself taste all come together before a customer decides if he or she likes the experience and would want to revisit 6 Vestibular sense system the sixth sense While multi sensory experiences were only subjected to a few categories in the past in modern day the spectrum has expanded to acknowledge the importance of sensory design Food used to be considered strictly as an experience for taste Now as the multi sensorial trait of food has been known marketers of food products and restaurants focus more on providing services that extend beyond the sense of taste In recent research the role of vestibular sense a system that contributes to sense of balance and space has been highlighted in relation to food Often be referred as the sixth sense researches show that vestibular senses that are exhibited through people s postures while eating can shape their perceptions for food In general people tend to rate food as better tasting when they consume it while sitting down compared to standing up The researches conclude that the perception of food and vestibular system is in the result of the different stress levels caused according to the postures Use in Architecture EditSimilar to food that used to be regarded merely as an experience of taste architecture in the past used to be subjected only to sense of vision which is why much of architectural products relied on visual forms of photographs or television In contrast architecture has become a multi sensorial experience in which people visit the architectural sites and feel the various sensorial aspects such as the texture of the building background noise and the scent of the surrounding area and the overall look of the building in coordination with the nature and the area 7 Furthermore there is a type of design in architecture field called responsive architecture which is a design that interacts with people 8 This kind of architecture could promote the occupants lifestyle if sensory design is properly applied For instance if a responsive architecture is helping an occupant with a goal to exercise more sensory design can arrange its environmental stimuli in time along an occupant s path like a space may serve to feed occupants through their senses to inspire and teach exercise at just the right time and in just the right way 8 When it comes to the experience of architecture our visual senses only play a small part 9 This is also why when architects are designing they need to think of after the moment experience instead of merely in the moment experience for the occupants Sensory Design Technologies EditWhile classically limited to the perception of trained sensory experts advances in sensors and computation have allowed objective quantified measurements of sensory information to be acquired quantified and communicated leading to improved design communication translation from prototype to production and quality assurance Sensory areas that have been objectively quantified include vision touch and smell Vision Edit In vision both light and color are considered in sensory design Early light meters called extinction meters relied on the human eye to gauge and quantify the amount of light Subsequently analog and digital light meters have been popularized for photography Work by Lawrence Herbert in the 1960s lead to a systematic combination of lighting and color samples required to quantify colors by human eye This became the basis for the Pantone Matching System Combining this with specialized light meters allowed digital color meters to be invented and popularized Touch Edit Touch plays an important role in a variety of products and is increasingly considered in product design and marketing efforts and has led to a more scientific approach to tactile design and marketing 10 Classical the field of tribology has developed various tests to evaluate interacting surfaces in relative motion with a focus on measuring friction lubrication and wear However these measurements do not correlate with human perception 11 Alternative methods for evaluating how materials feel were first popularized from work initiated at Kyoto University 12 The Kawabata evaluation system developed six measurements 13 of how fabrics feel The SynTouch Haptics Profiles 14 produced by the SynTouch Toccare Haptics Measurement System that incorporates a biomimetic tactile sensor to quantify 15 dimensions of touch based on psychophysics research performed with over 3000 materials 11 Smell Edit Measuring odors has remained difficult A variety of techniques have been attempted but Most measures have had a subjective component that makes them anachronistic with modern methodology in experimental behavioral science indeterminate regarding the extent of individual differences unusable with infra humans and of unproved ability to discern small differences 15 New methods for robotic exploration of smell are being proposed 16 References Edit Kingsley Nick Railway Gazette Sensolab drives interior experimentation a b Leone Catherine Come to Your Senses International Interior Design Association Retrieved 9 March 2016 Moskowitz Howard 2012 04 03 Sensory and Consumer Research in Food Product Design and Development 2 ed Wiley Blackwell ISBN 978 0 8138 1366 0 Mendoza Fernando 2006 Calibrated color measurements of agricultural foods using image analysis Postharvest Biology and Technology 41 3 285 295 doi 10 1016 j postharvbio 2006 04 004 Garg Parth 2019 07 30 How multi sensory design can help you create memorable experiences Medium Retrieved 2020 06 03 Baron Courtney Pro Quest Research Library doi 10 5260 cca 199462 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Making Sense of Architecture Blueprint no 358 2018 pp 38 42 45 ProQuest 2042167099 a b How Sensory Design Can Help Responsive Architecture Be More Effective www mlldesignlab com Retrieved 2020 07 03 This Week in Architecture More than Visual ArchDaily 2018 10 20 Retrieved 2020 07 03 Spence Charles 3 March 2015 Multisensory design Reaching out to touch the consumer Psychology and Marketing 28 3 267 308 doi 10 1002 mar 20392 a b Fishel Jeremy 18 June 2012 Bayesian exploration for intelligent identification of textures Frontiers in Neurorobotics 6 4 doi 10 3389 fnbot 2012 00004 PMC 3389458 PMID 22783186 Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics Kawabata Laboratory Archived from the original on 2016 03 09 Lahey Timothy 2002 Modelling Hysteresis in the Bending of Fabrics PDF 17 21 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Tactile Characterization SynTouch Retrieved 9 March 2016 Wise Paul 2000 Quantification of Odor Quality Chemical Senses 25 4 429 443 doi 10 1093 chemse 25 4 429 PMID 10944507 Loutfi Amy 8 June 2006 Smell think and act A cognitive robot discriminating odours Autonomous Robots 20 3 239 249 doi 10 1007 s10514 006 7098 8 S2CID 12928304 Bibliography EditJoy Monice Malnar and Frank Vodvarka Sensory Design Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press 2004 ISBN 0 8166 3959 0 in French Louise Bonnamy Jean Francois Bassereau Regine Charvet Pello Design sensoriel Techniques de l ingenieur 2009 in French Jean Francois Bassereau Regine Charvet Pello Dictionnaire des mots du sensoriel Paris Tec amp Doc Editions Lavoisier 2011 544 p ISBN 2 7430 1277 3See also EditInteraction design Communication design Environmental design Experience design WikID Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sensory design amp oldid 1093310525, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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