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Former Nine Years' War

The Zenkunen War (前九年の役, Zenkunen no Eki), also known in English as the Former Nine Years' War[1] or the Early Nine Years' War,[2] was fought between the Imperial Court and the Abe clan in Mutsu Province, in Northeast Japan, from 1051 to 1063. It resulted in Imperial Court victory and the surrender of Abe no Sadato. Like the other major conflicts of the Heian period, such as the Gosannen War and the Genpei War, the Zenkunen war was a struggle for power within the samurai clans.

Zenkunen War
Part of Clan disputes of the Heian period
Date1051–1063
Location
Result Imperial victory
Belligerents
Japanese Imperial government Abe clan
Commanders and leaders
Minamoto no Yoriyoshi
Minamoto no Yoshiie
Abe no Yoritoki
Abe no Sadato

Background Edit

While most provinces were overseen by just a Governor, Mutsu, in what is now the Tohoku region, had a military general in charge of controlling the Emishi natives, who had been subjugated when the Japanese took over the area in the ninth century. Historically, this post was always held by a member of the Abe clan, and there were many conflicts between the Abe general and the Governor over administrative control of the province.

In 1050, the general overseeing the Emishi was Abe no Yoritoki, who levied taxes and confiscated property on his own, rarely paying any heed to the wishes of the province's Governor. The Governor sent word to the capital in Kyoto asking for help, and as a result Minamoto no Yoriyoshi was appointed both Governor and commander-in-chief over controlling the natives. He was sent with his son Yoshiie, then age fifteen, to stop Abe.[3]

War Edit

The fighting lasted for twelve years, or nine if one subtracts short periods of ceasefire and peace. Skirmishes were fierce and many, but few major battles were fought until the Battle of Kawasaki in 1057. Abe no Yoritoki had been killed shortly before, and the Minamoto were now fighting his son, Abe no Sadato, who defeated them at Kawasaki and pursued them through a blizzard.[3][4][5]

The government forces, led by the Minamoto, had much trouble for quite some time, due to the harsh terrain and weather, but were eventually reinforced with new troops, including many offered by the Governor, a member of the Kiyohara clan, of the nearby Dewa Province. In 1062, Minamoto no Yoriyoshi, along with his son, led an assault on an Abe fortress at Siege of Kuriyagawa. They diverted the water supply, stormed the earthworks and stockade, and set the fortress aflame. After two days of fighting, Sadato surrendered.[3][5]

Legacy Edit

Minamoto no Yoshiie is thus considered the founder of the Minamoto clan's great martial legacy, and is worshiped as a particularly special and powerful ancestor kami of the clan. As a kami and a legend, he is often called Hachimantarō, "Child of Hachiman, the god of war."

A famous renga from the Kokon Chomonjū was exchanged between Sadato and Yoshiie when Sadato was forced to flee his castle on the Koromo River. Yoshiie said, Koromo no tate wa hokorobinikeri, Koromo Castle has been destroyed ("The warps of your robe have come undone"), to which Sadato replied, toshi o heshi ito no midare no kurushisa ni, "over the years its threads became tangled, and this pains me."[4]

References Edit

  1. ^ "The History of Hiraizumi". Hiraizumi Tourism Association website. Hiraizumi Tourism Association. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
  2. ^ Wilson, William Ritchie (1973). "The Way of the Bow and Arrow. The Japanese Warrior in Konjaku Monogatari". Monumenta Nipponica. Sophia University. 28 (2): 178. doi:10.2307/2383862. JSTOR 2383862.
  3. ^ a b c Sansom, George (1958). A history of Japan to 1334. Stanford University Press. pp. 249–251. ISBN 0804705232.
  4. ^ a b Sato, Hiroaki (1995). Legends of the Samurai. Overlook Duckworth. pp. 97–99. ISBN 9781590207307.
  5. ^ a b Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. Cassell & Co. p. 199. ISBN 1854095234.

former, nine, years, zenkunen, 前九年の役, zenkunen, also, known, english, early, nine, years, fought, between, imperial, court, clan, mutsu, province, northeast, japan, from, 1051, 1063, resulted, imperial, court, victory, surrender, sadato, like, other, major, co. The Zenkunen War 前九年の役 Zenkunen no Eki also known in English as the Former Nine Years War 1 or the Early Nine Years War 2 was fought between the Imperial Court and the Abe clan in Mutsu Province in Northeast Japan from 1051 to 1063 It resulted in Imperial Court victory and the surrender of Abe no Sadato Like the other major conflicts of the Heian period such as the Gosannen War and the Genpei War the Zenkunen war was a struggle for power within the samurai clans Zenkunen WarPart of Clan disputes of the Heian periodDate1051 1063LocationMutsu province Tohoku region JapanResultImperial victoryBelligerentsJapanese Imperial governmentAbe clanCommanders and leadersMinamoto no YoriyoshiMinamoto no YoshiieAbe no YoritokiAbe no Sadato Contents 1 Background 2 War 3 Legacy 4 ReferencesBackground EditWhile most provinces were overseen by just a Governor Mutsu in what is now the Tohoku region had a military general in charge of controlling the Emishi natives who had been subjugated when the Japanese took over the area in the ninth century Historically this post was always held by a member of the Abe clan and there were many conflicts between the Abe general and the Governor over administrative control of the province In 1050 the general overseeing the Emishi was Abe no Yoritoki who levied taxes and confiscated property on his own rarely paying any heed to the wishes of the province s Governor The Governor sent word to the capital in Kyoto asking for help and as a result Minamoto no Yoriyoshi was appointed both Governor and commander in chief over controlling the natives He was sent with his son Yoshiie then age fifteen to stop Abe 3 War EditThe fighting lasted for twelve years or nine if one subtracts short periods of ceasefire and peace Skirmishes were fierce and many but few major battles were fought until the Battle of Kawasaki in 1057 Abe no Yoritoki had been killed shortly before and the Minamoto were now fighting his son Abe no Sadato who defeated them at Kawasaki and pursued them through a blizzard 3 4 5 The government forces led by the Minamoto had much trouble for quite some time due to the harsh terrain and weather but were eventually reinforced with new troops including many offered by the Governor a member of the Kiyohara clan of the nearby Dewa Province In 1062 Minamoto no Yoriyoshi along with his son led an assault on an Abe fortress at Siege of Kuriyagawa They diverted the water supply stormed the earthworks and stockade and set the fortress aflame After two days of fighting Sadato surrendered 3 5 Legacy EditMinamoto no Yoshiie is thus considered the founder of the Minamoto clan s great martial legacy and is worshiped as a particularly special and powerful ancestor kami of the clan As a kami and a legend he is often called Hachimantarō Child of Hachiman the god of war A famous renga from the Kokon Chomonju was exchanged between Sadato and Yoshiie when Sadato was forced to flee his castle on the Koromo River Yoshiie said Koromo no tate wa hokorobinikeri Koromo Castle has been destroyed The warps of your robe have come undone to which Sadato replied toshi o heshi ito no midare no kurushisa ni over the years its threads became tangled and this pains me 4 References Edit The History of Hiraizumi Hiraizumi Tourism Association website Hiraizumi Tourism Association Retrieved 18 February 2013 Wilson William Ritchie 1973 The Way of the Bow and Arrow The Japanese Warrior in Konjaku Monogatari Monumenta Nipponica Sophia University 28 2 178 doi 10 2307 2383862 JSTOR 2383862 a b c Sansom George 1958 A history of Japan to 1334 Stanford University Press pp 249 251 ISBN 0804705232 a b Sato Hiroaki 1995 Legends of the Samurai Overlook Duckworth pp 97 99 ISBN 9781590207307 a b Turnbull Stephen 1998 The Samurai Sourcebook Cassell amp Co p 199 ISBN 1854095234 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Former Nine Years 27 War amp oldid 1171253147, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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