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Mir Yeshiva (Jerusalem)

April 11, 2024

This article is about the post-war Yeshivas Mir in Jerusalem. For the pre-war Mirrer Yeshiva in Poland (now part of Belarus), see Mir Yeshiva (Belarus). For the other Mirrer Yeshiva, see Mir Yeshiva (Brooklyn).

The Mir Yeshiva (Hebrew: ישיבת מיר, Yeshivat Mir), known also as The Mir, is an Orthodox Jewish yeshiva in Beit Yisrael, Jerusalem. With over 9,000 single and married students,[1] it is the largest yeshiva in the world.[2][3][4] Most students are from the United States, United Kingdom and Israel, with many from other parts of the world such as Belgium, France, Mexico, Switzerland, Argentina, Australia, Russia, Canada and Panama.

Mir Yeshiva
ישיבת מיר‎
Mir Yeshiva in Jerusalem in September 2012
Location
Beit Yisrael, Jerusalem
Information
Religious affiliation(s)Orthodox
Established1944
FounderEliezer Yehuda Finkel (Reb Leizer Yudel)
DeanEliezer Yehuda Finkel
Enrollment9,600
Students study in the beis medrash

History edit

The yeshiva was founded in the small town of Mir (now in Belarus) in 1814,[5] 1815[6][7][8][9] or 1817[10] by Rabbi Shmuel Tiktinsky. After his death, his oldest son, Rabbi Avraham Tiktinsky, was appointed Rosh Yeshiva. After a number of years, Avraham died and his younger brother, Rabbi Chaim Leib Tiktinsky, succeeded him. Rabbi Chaim Leib would remain as Rosh Yeshiva for many decades. He was succeeded by his son, Rabbi Avrohom Tiktinsky, who brought Rabbi Eliyahu Boruch Kamai into the yeshiva. In 1903, Rabbi Kamai's daughter married Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel, son of Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel of Slabodka, who in time became the Rosh Yeshiva of the Mir. The yeshiva remained in that location until 1914.

With the outbreak of World War I, the yeshiva moved to Poltava (now in Ukraine). In 1921, the yeshiva moved back to its original facilities in Mir, where it remained until, based on secret parts of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union invaded Poland in 1939.

Although many of the foreign-born students left when the Soviet army invaded from the east, the yeshiva continued to operate—albeit on a reduced scale—until the approaching German armies caused the leaders of the yeshiva to move the entire community to Keidan, Lithuania. The yeshiva moved en masse on October 15 to Vilna in order to get out from under Russian rule and into then-free Lithuania. Russia had announced that it was returning Vilna to Lithuania. Until that was completed, they could go to Vilna by crossing a border.

Establishment in Jerusalem edit

 
Simchat Beit HaShoeivah celebration, 2006

Around this time, Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel traveled to Palestine to obtain visas for his students and reestablish the yeshiva in Eretz Yisrael, but these plans were interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. In 1944, Rabbi Finkel opened a branch of the yeshiva in Jerusalem with ten students, among them Rabbi Yudel Shapiro (later Rosh Kollel Chazon Ish), Rabbi Chaim Brim (later Rosh Yeshiva of Rizhn-Boyan), and Rabbi Chaim Greineman.[11]

In Europe, as the Nazi armies continued to push to the east, the yeshiva students fled to (Japanese-controlled) Shanghai, China, where they remained until the end of the war.

The story of the escape to the Far East of Mir Yeshiva, along with thousands of other Jewish refugees during WWII, thanks largely to visas issued by the Dutch consul Jan Zwartendijk and the Japanese consul-general to Lithuania, Chiune Sugihara, has been the subject of several books and movies including the PBS documentary Conspiracy of Kindness.[12] After the war, most of the Jewish refugees from the Shanghai ghetto left for Palestine and the United States. Among them were survivors from the Mir Yeshiva, many of whom rejoined the yeshiva in Jerusalem. Rabbi Finkel's son, Rabbi Chaim Zev Finkel (commonly called Chazap), served as mashgiach.[13][circular reference]

When Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel died on July 19, 1965, his son, Rabbi Beinish Finkel and his brother-in-law, Rabbi Chaim Leib Shmuelevitz became joint Mirrer Rosh Yeshivas. Reb Chaim was considered the main Rosh Yeshiva and when he died, his son-in-law, Rabbi Nachum Partzovitz, replaced him. Rabbi Beinish Finkel became Rosh Yeshiva after Reb Nachum died. With Rabbi Beinish Finkel's death in 1990, the reins were taken over by Rabbi Beinish Finkel's sons-in-law, with the Rosh Yeshiva, Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel, at the helm. After Nosson Tzvi Finkel's sudden death on November 8, 2011, his eldest son, Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel, was named as his successor.[14]

Chaburas edit

Under Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel, the yeshiva's enrollment grew into the thousands. The large enrollment was divided into chaburas, or learning groups. Each chabura consists of the same type of student – e.g. American, European, Israeli, Hasidic, and non-Hasidic. These chaburas sit in designated areas in the Mir's various study halls (such as Beis Yishaya, Beis Shalom, and the Merkazei), as well as in the same area in the dining room. Each chabura is subdivided by shiur (class), with each maggid shiur (lecturer) teaching a group of students.[3] The largest shiur in the yeshiva (which is also the biggest in the yeshiva world) is that of Rabbi Asher Arieli, who gives shiurim in Yiddish to over 1000 students.[citation needed]

Mir Brachfeld edit

Main article: Mir Brachfeld

The yeshiva has a branch in Modi'in Illit primarily for Israelis, which also includes a kollel. Mir Brachfeld was headed by Rabbi Aryeh Finkel (grandson of Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel and son of Rabbi Chaim Zev Finkel[13][circular reference]) until his passing on Aug. 9, 2016. His oldest son, Rabbi Binyomin Finkel, took over as Rosh Yeshiva.

Leadership edit

Past leadership edit

Notable alumni edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Beyda, Rabbi Yehuda (2012). Community Magazine. Archived from the original on 10 December 2011. Retrieved 4 September 2012.
  2. ^ "Jerusalem – Torah Chigri Sak! Hagaon Harav Nosson Tzvi Finkel, Zt"l". Vos Iz Neias?. 8 November 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
  3. ^ a b Krausz, Yossi. "Our Boys in Israel". Ami, October 23, 2013, pp. 44-53.
  4. ^ Ettinger, Yair (9 November 2011). "Some 100,000 attend funeral of Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel". Haaretz. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
  5. ^ חוברת של קרן התורה, וינה, תרפ"ה, עמ' 6
  6. ^ משה יהודה ליב גאלדבערג, תולדות הגאון ר' חיים יהודה ליב ז"ל, ווארשא, תרס"ב, עמ' 7. Rabbi Goldberg was a grandson of Mir's 2nd rosh yeshiva, R. Avraham Tiktinsky and a great-grandson of the yeshiva founder, R. Shmuel Tiktinsky.
  7. ^ ר' יוסף ד. עפשטיין, "ישיבת מיר" בתוך ר' ד"ר שמואל ק. מירסקי (עורך), מוסדות תורה באירופה בבנינם ובחורבנם, ניו יורק, תשט"ז, עמ' 87
  8. ^ ר' משה צינוביץ, "לתולדות ישיבת מיר" בתוך נ. בלומנטל (עורך), ספר מיר, ירושלים, תשכ"ג, עמ' 99
  9. ^ ר' משה צינוביץ, תולדות ישיבת מיר, תל אביב, תשמ"א, עמ' 1
  10. ^ Receipt from the yeshiva dated 1931 that lists the year established as 1817 2017-04-04 at the Wayback Machine (also see a full discussion re: the year founded at פורום אוצר החכמה: בקשת עזרה: שנת ייסוד ישיבת מיר)
  11. ^ Rabbi Chaim Leib Shmulevitz: by Eliahu Meir Klugman
  12. ^ Sugihara: Conspiracy of Kindness
  13. ^ a b Aryeh Finkel
  14. ^ Ben Gedalyahu, Tzvi (8 November 2011). "Mir Yeshiva Rabbi Finkel Passes Away". Arutz Sheva. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
  15. ^ "Beyond Space and Time". Mishpacha Magazine. 2020-09-16. Retrieved 2021-01-05.

Bibliography edit

  • Toldot Yeshivat Mir, Zinowitz, M., Tel Aviv, 1981.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mir Yeshiva.
  • The Mir Yerushalayim Website
  • Reeva Kimble's "Brief History of the Jews of Mir"
  • The Mir Yeshiva before the Holocaust - Yad Vashem website

31°47′18.5″N 35°13′26″E / 31.788472°N 35.22389°E / 31.788472; 35.22389

April 11, 2024
yeshiva, jerusalem, this, article, about, post, yeshivas, jerusalem, mirrer, yeshiva, poland, part, belarus, yeshiva, belarus, other, mirrer, yeshiva, yeshiva, brooklyn, yeshiva, hebrew, ישיבת, מיר, yeshivat, known, also, orthodox, jewish, yeshiva, beit, yisra. This article is about the post war Yeshivas Mir in Jerusalem For the pre war Mirrer Yeshiva in Poland now part of Belarus see Mir Yeshiva Belarus For the other Mirrer Yeshiva see Mir Yeshiva Brooklyn The Mir Yeshiva Hebrew ישיבת מיר Yeshivat Mir known also as The Mir is an Orthodox Jewish yeshiva in Beit Yisrael Jerusalem With over 9 000 single and married students 1 it is the largest yeshiva in the world 2 3 4 Most students are from the United States United Kingdom and Israel with many from other parts of the world such as Belgium France Mexico Switzerland Argentina Australia Russia Canada and Panama Mir Yeshivaישיבת מיר Mir Yeshiva in Jerusalem in September 2012LocationBeit Yisrael JerusalemInformationReligious affiliation s OrthodoxEstablished1944FounderEliezer Yehuda Finkel Reb Leizer Yudel DeanEliezer Yehuda FinkelEnrollment9 600 Students study in the beis medrashContents 1 History 2 Establishment in Jerusalem 3 Chaburas 4 Mir Brachfeld 5 Leadership 6 Past leadership 7 Notable alumni 8 See also 9 References 9 1 Bibliography 10 External linksHistory editThe yeshiva was founded in the small town of Mir now in Belarus in 1814 5 1815 6 7 8 9 or 1817 10 by Rabbi Shmuel Tiktinsky After his death his oldest son Rabbi Avraham Tiktinsky was appointed Rosh Yeshiva After a number of years Avraham died and his younger brother Rabbi Chaim Leib Tiktinsky succeeded him Rabbi Chaim Leib would remain as Rosh Yeshiva for many decades He was succeeded by his son Rabbi Avrohom Tiktinsky who brought Rabbi Eliyahu Boruch Kamai into the yeshiva In 1903 Rabbi Kamai s daughter married Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel son of Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel of Slabodka who in time became the Rosh Yeshiva of the Mir The yeshiva remained in that location until 1914 With the outbreak of World War I the yeshiva moved to Poltava now in Ukraine In 1921 the yeshiva moved back to its original facilities in Mir where it remained until based on secret parts of the Molotov Ribbentrop Pact Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union invaded Poland in 1939 Although many of the foreign born students left when the Soviet army invaded from the east the yeshiva continued to operate albeit on a reduced scale until the approaching German armies caused the leaders of the yeshiva to move the entire community to Keidan Lithuania The yeshiva moved en masse on October 15 to Vilna in order to get out from under Russian rule and into then free Lithuania Russia had announced that it was returning Vilna to Lithuania Until that was completed they could go to Vilna by crossing a border Establishment in Jerusalem edit nbsp Simchat Beit HaShoeivah celebration 2006Around this time Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel traveled to Palestine to obtain visas for his students and reestablish the yeshiva in Eretz Yisrael but these plans were interrupted by the outbreak of World War II In 1944 Rabbi Finkel opened a branch of the yeshiva in Jerusalem with ten students among them Rabbi Yudel Shapiro later Rosh Kollel Chazon Ish Rabbi Chaim Brim later Rosh Yeshiva of Rizhn Boyan and Rabbi Chaim Greineman 11 In Europe as the Nazi armies continued to push to the east the yeshiva students fled to Japanese controlled Shanghai China where they remained until the end of the war The story of the escape to the Far East of Mir Yeshiva along with thousands of other Jewish refugees during WWII thanks largely to visas issued by the Dutch consul Jan Zwartendijk and the Japanese consul general to Lithuania Chiune Sugihara has been the subject of several books and movies including the PBS documentary Conspiracy of Kindness 12 After the war most of the Jewish refugees from the Shanghai ghetto left for Palestine and the United States Among them were survivors from the Mir Yeshiva many of whom rejoined the yeshiva in Jerusalem Rabbi Finkel s son Rabbi Chaim Zev Finkel commonly called Chazap served as mashgiach 13 circular reference When Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel died on July 19 1965 his son Rabbi Beinish Finkel and his brother in law Rabbi Chaim Leib Shmuelevitz became joint Mirrer Rosh Yeshivas Reb Chaim was considered the main Rosh Yeshiva and when he died his son in law Rabbi Nachum Partzovitz replaced him Rabbi Beinish Finkel became Rosh Yeshiva after Reb Nachum died With Rabbi Beinish Finkel s death in 1990 the reins were taken over by Rabbi Beinish Finkel s sons in law with the Rosh Yeshiva Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel at the helm After Nosson Tzvi Finkel s sudden death on November 8 2011 his eldest son Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel was named as his successor 14 Chaburas editUnder Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel the yeshiva s enrollment grew into the thousands The large enrollment was divided into chaburas or learning groups Each chabura consists of the same type of student e g American European Israeli Hasidic and non Hasidic These chaburas sit in designated areas in the Mir s various study halls such as Beis Yishaya Beis Shalom and the Merkazei as well as in the same area in the dining room Each chabura is subdivided by shiur class with each maggid shiur lecturer teaching a group of students 3 The largest shiur in the yeshiva which is also the biggest in the yeshiva world is that of Rabbi Asher Arieli who gives shiurim in Yiddish to over 1000 students citation needed Mir Brachfeld editMain article Mir Brachfeld The yeshiva has a branch in Modi in Illit primarily for Israelis which also includes a kollel Mir Brachfeld was headed by Rabbi Aryeh Finkel grandson of Rabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel and son of Rabbi Chaim Zev Finkel 13 circular reference until his passing on Aug 9 2016 His oldest son Rabbi Binyomin Finkel took over as Rosh Yeshiva Leadership editEliezer Yehuda Finkel Rosh Yeshiva since 2011 Yitzchok Ezrachi Rosh Yeshiva 15 Past leadership editRabbi Eliezer Yehuda Finkel Rosh Yeshiva 1917 1965 Rabbi Chaim Leib Shmuelevitz Rosh Yeshiva 1941 1979 Rabbi Nochum Partzovitz Rosh Yeshiva 1979 1986 Rabbi Binyomin Beinush Finkel Rosh Yeshiva 1979 1990 Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel Rabbi Refoel Shmuelevitz Rosh Yeshiva 1990 2016Notable alumni editMoses Michael Levi Barrow born Jamal Michael Barrow 1978 better known by his stage name Shyne Belizean rapper and politician Rabbi Yitzchak Berkovits Rosh Kollel Linus HaTzedek Center for Jewish Values Rabbi Azriel Brown Rosh Yeshiva Yeshiva Gedola of Carteret Rabbi Yaakov Mayer Rosh Yeshiva Yeshiva Gedola of Carteret Ari Goldwag singer songwriter Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan philosopher author and translator Shulem Lemmer born 1990 singer Baruch Levine singer songwriter David Lichtenstein Shlomo Yehuda Rechnitz Philanthropist Rabbi Jacob J Schacter rabbi and historianSee also editMir Yeshiva Belarus References edit Beyda Rabbi Yehuda 2012 Rav Nosson Tzvi Finkel z s l Community Magazine Archived from the original on 10 December 2011 Retrieved 4 September 2012 Jerusalem Torah Chigri Sak Hagaon Harav Nosson Tzvi Finkel Zt l Vos Iz Neias 8 November 2011 Retrieved 9 November 2011 a b Krausz Yossi Our Boys in Israel Ami October 23 2013 pp 44 53 Ettinger Yair 9 November 2011 Some 100 000 attend funeral of Rabbi Nosson Tzvi Finkel Haaretz Retrieved 9 November 2011 חוברת של קרן התורה וינה תרפ ה עמ 6 משה יהודה ליב גאלדבערג תולדות הגאון ר חיים יהודה ליב ז ל ווארשא תרס ב עמ 7 Rabbi Goldberg was a grandson of Mir s 2nd rosh yeshiva R Avraham Tiktinsky and a great grandson of the yeshiva founder R Shmuel Tiktinsky ר יוסף ד עפשטיין ישיבת מיר בתוך ר ד ר שמואל ק מירסקי עורך מוסדות תורה באירופה בבנינם ובחורבנם ניו יורק תשט ז עמ 87 ר משה צינוביץ לתולדות ישיבת מיר בתוך נ בלומנטל עורך ספר מיר ירושלים תשכ ג עמ 99 ר משה צינוביץ תולדות ישיבת מיר תל אביב תשמ א עמ 1 Receipt from the yeshiva dated 1931 that lists the year established as 1817 Archived 2017 04 04 at the Wayback Machine also see a full discussion re the year founded at פורום אוצר החכמה בקשת עזרה שנת ייסוד ישיבת מיר Rabbi Chaim Leib Shmulevitz by Eliahu Meir Klugman Sugihara Conspiracy of Kindness a b Aryeh Finkel Ben Gedalyahu Tzvi 8 November 2011 Mir Yeshiva Rabbi Finkel Passes Away Arutz Sheva Retrieved 9 November 2011 Beyond Space and Time Mishpacha Magazine 2020 09 16 Retrieved 2021 01 05 Bibliography edit Toldot Yeshivat Mir Zinowitz M Tel Aviv 1981 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mir Yeshiva The Mir Yerushalayim Website Reeva Kimble s Brief History of the Jews of Mir Moving Plea by HaRav Nosson Tzvi Finkel to Get Rid of Cell Phones The Mir Yeshiva before the Holocaust Yad Vashem website 31 47 18 5 N 35 13 26 E 31 788472 N 35 22389 E 31 788472 35 22389 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mir Yeshiva Jerusalem amp oldid 1215811925, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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