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Yellow-breasted bunting

The yellow-breasted bunting (Emberiza aureola) is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae that is found across the Boreal and East Palearctic. The genus name Emberiza is from Old German Embritz, a bunting. The specific aureola is Latin for "golden".[2] The bird's call is a distinctive zick, and the song is a clear tru-tru, tri-tri.

Yellow-breasted bunting
in Nepal
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Emberizidae
Genus: Emberiza
Species:
E. aureola
Binomial name
Emberiza aureola
Pallas, 1773
Eggs of Emberiza aureola MHNT
Yellow-breasted bunting (breeding male)
Yellow-breasted bunting (female)

Until 2004, the International Union for Conservation of Nature considered the yellow-breasted bunting to be a species of least concern. Since 2004, it has been gradually upgraded to a status of Critically Endangered due to rapid drops in population sizes.[1] It is subject to heavy hunting pressure in China, through which most specimens pass during migration.[3]

Description edit

The yellow-breasted bunting is a small passerine, ranging from 14 to 16 cm (5.5 to 6.3 in) in length, and weighing 17 to 26 g (0.6 to 0.9 oz). For a bunting, it is large and rather stocky.[4]

The breeding male has bright white underparts with black flank streaks, brown upperparts, black face and throat bar, and a pink lower mandible. The female has a heavily streaked grey-brown back, and less intensely yellow underparts. She has a whitish face with dark crown, eye and cheek stripes. The juvenile is similar, but the background colour of the underparts and face is buff.[citation needed]

Distribution and habitat edit

Emberiza aureola aureola breeds in boreal forests of Finland to Bering Sea migrating to Indochina. Emberiza aureola ornata breeds from the Amur River to Manchuria, N Korea, Kamchatka and Kuril Islands. It is migratory, wintering in south-east Asia, India, and North Korea. It is a rare but regular wanderer to western Europe. There are also ~4 records from the Aleutian Islands of Alaska and a 2017 record from Labrador, Canada. The species winters in large flocks in cultivated areas, rice fields and grasslands, preferring to roost in rice-fields.[1]

Breeding edit

The yellow-breasted bunting breeds in open scrubby areas that consist of dry water rice fields for foraging and reedbeds for roosting, often near water, and is present in Siberia. It lays four to six eggs in a nest on the ground. Its food consists of insects when feeding young, and otherwise seeds.

Conservation edit

Populations have declined precipitously since the early 2000s, and the species is now considered to be critically endangered. The decline of the yellow-breasted bunting is likely to be caused by substantial trapping during migration and most specifically at winter sites. Birds are flushed then caught in mist-nets, to be sold for consumption as "sparrows" or "rice birds". Even though the actions have been restricted to a small area in southern China, it has become more widespread and popular to increasing wealth, and hunters now travel long distances to find sufficient birds.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c BirdLife International (2017). "Emberiza aureola". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22720966A119335690. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T22720966A119335690.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London, United Kingdom: Christopher Helm. pp. 62, 145. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  3. ^ "abundant bird species could be wiped out like passenger pigeons". 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
  4. ^ Brazil, Mark (2009). Birds of East Asia. London, UK: Christopher Helm. p. 488. ISBN 978-0-7136-7040-0.

External links edit

  • OBC 24 photographs (see pulldown menu at page bottom)

yellow, breasted, bunting, yellow, breasted, bunting, emberiza, aureola, passerine, bird, bunting, family, emberizidae, that, found, across, boreal, east, palearctic, genus, name, emberiza, from, german, embritz, bunting, specific, aureola, latin, golden, bird. The yellow breasted bunting Emberiza aureola is a passerine bird in the bunting family Emberizidae that is found across the Boreal and East Palearctic The genus name Emberiza is from Old German Embritz a bunting The specific aureola is Latin for golden 2 The bird s call is a distinctive zick and the song is a clear tru tru tri tri Yellow breasted buntingin NepalConservation statusCritically Endangered IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PasseriformesFamily EmberizidaeGenus EmberizaSpecies E aureolaBinomial nameEmberiza aureolaPallas 1773Eggs of Emberiza aureola MHNTYellow breasted bunting breeding male Yellow breasted bunting female Until 2004 the International Union for Conservation of Nature considered the yellow breasted bunting to be a species of least concern Since 2004 it has been gradually upgraded to a status of Critically Endangered due to rapid drops in population sizes 1 It is subject to heavy hunting pressure in China through which most specimens pass during migration 3 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution and habitat 3 Breeding 4 Conservation 5 References 6 External linksDescription editThe yellow breasted bunting is a small passerine ranging from 14 to 16 cm 5 5 to 6 3 in in length and weighing 17 to 26 g 0 6 to 0 9 oz For a bunting it is large and rather stocky 4 The breeding male has bright white underparts with black flank streaks brown upperparts black face and throat bar and a pink lower mandible The female has a heavily streaked grey brown back and less intensely yellow underparts She has a whitish face with dark crown eye and cheek stripes The juvenile is similar but the background colour of the underparts and face is buff citation needed Distribution and habitat editEmberiza aureola aureola breeds in boreal forests of Finland to Bering Sea migrating to Indochina Emberiza aureola ornata breeds from the Amur River to Manchuria N Korea Kamchatka and Kuril Islands It is migratory wintering in south east Asia India and North Korea It is a rare but regular wanderer to western Europe There are also 4 records from the Aleutian Islands of Alaska and a 2017 record from Labrador Canada The species winters in large flocks in cultivated areas rice fields and grasslands preferring to roost in rice fields 1 Breeding editThe yellow breasted bunting breeds in open scrubby areas that consist of dry water rice fields for foraging and reedbeds for roosting often near water and is present in Siberia It lays four to six eggs in a nest on the ground Its food consists of insects when feeding young and otherwise seeds Conservation editPopulations have declined precipitously since the early 2000s and the species is now considered to be critically endangered The decline of the yellow breasted bunting is likely to be caused by substantial trapping during migration and most specifically at winter sites Birds are flushed then caught in mist nets to be sold for consumption as sparrows or rice birds Even though the actions have been restricted to a small area in southern China it has become more widespread and popular to increasing wealth and hunters now travel long distances to find sufficient birds References edit a b c BirdLife International 2017 Emberiza aureola IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017 e T22720966A119335690 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2017 3 RLTS T22720966A119335690 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 Jobling James A 2010 The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names London United Kingdom Christopher Helm pp 62 145 ISBN 978 1 4081 2501 4 abundant bird species could be wiped out like passenger pigeons 9 June 2015 Retrieved 9 June 2015 Brazil Mark 2009 Birds of East Asia London UK Christopher Helm p 488 ISBN 978 0 7136 7040 0 External links editOBC 24 photographs see pulldown menu at page bottom Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yellow breasted bunting amp oldid 1197846165, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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