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Yapahuwa (Sinhalese language : යාපහුව) was one of the ephemeral capitals of medieval Sri Lanka. The citadel of Yapahuwa lying midway between Kurunagala and Anuradhapura was built around a huge granite rock rising abruptly almost a hundred meters above the surrounding lowlands.
In 1272, King Bhuvenakabahu transferred the capital from Polonnaruwa to Yapahuwa in the face of Dravidian invasions from South India, bringing the Sacred Tooth Relic with him. Following the death of King Bhuvenakabahu in 1284, the Pandyans of South India invaded Sri Lanka once again, and succeeded in capturing Sacred Tooth Relic. Following its capture, Yapahuwa was largely abandoned and inhabited by Buddhist monks and religious ascetics.
The rock fortress complex of Yapahuwa is situated in the North Western Province, Sri Lanka. It is approximately between southeast of Mahawa midway Kurunegala and Anuradhapura. The original name of this Buddhist Heritage is Yapawwa, but now this is called as Yapahuwa which is a kind of distortion of its genuine etymological sense.
History
Yapahuwa served as the capital of Sri Lanka in the latter part of the 13th century (1273–1284). Built on a huge, 90 meter high rock boulder in the style of the Sigiriya rock fortress, Yapahuwa was a palace and military stronghold against foreign invaders.
The palace and fortress were built by King Buvanekabahu I (1272–1284) in the year 1273. Many traces of ancient battle defences can still be seen, while an ornamental stairway, is its biggest showpiece. On top of the rock are the remains of a stupa, a Bodhi tree enclosure, and a rock shelter/cave used by Buddhist monks, indicating that earlier this site was used as a Buddhist monastery, like many boulders and hills in the area. There are several caves at the base of the rock. In one of them there is a shrine with Buddha images. One cave has a Brahmi script inscription. At the southern base of the rock there is a fortification with two moats and ramparts. In this enclosure there are the remains of a number of buildings including a Buddhist shrine. There is also a Buddhist temple called Yapahuwa Rajamaha Vihara built during the Kandyan period.
The Tooth Relic was brought from Dambadeniya and kept in the Tooth Temple built for the purpose at the top of the third staircase. The relics were carried away from the temple here to South India by the Pandyas, and then recovered in 1288 by Parakkramabahu III (1287–1293), who temporarily placed them in safety at Polonnaruwa.
Image gallery
The Yapahuwa staircase.
The Yapahuwa Lion stone sculpture (appears on the former 10-rupee note).
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yapahuwa rock fortress.
Yapahuwa Sri Lanka
Yapahuwa - The Chinese connection
Yapahuwa
January 06, 2023
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This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Yapahuwa news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Sinhala December 2008 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Sinhala article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Sinhala Wikipedia article at si ය පහ ව බලක ට ව see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated si ය පහ ව බලක ට ව to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Yapahuwa Sinhalese language ය පහ ව was one of the ephemeral capitals of medieval Sri Lanka The citadel of Yapahuwa lying midway between Kurunagala and Anuradhapura was built around a huge granite rock rising abruptly almost a hundred meters above the surrounding lowlands Yapahuwa ය පහ වYapahuwaCoordinates 7 49 00 N 80 18 39 E 7 816784 N 80 310746 E 7 816784 80 310746 Coordinates 7 49 00 N 80 18 39 E 7 816784 N 80 310746 E 7 816784 80 310746CountrySri LankaProvinceNorth Western ProvinceTime zoneUTC 5 30 Sri Lanka Standard Time Zone Summer DST UTC 6 Summer time In 1272 King Bhuvenakabahu transferred the capital from Polonnaruwa to Yapahuwa in the face of Dravidian invasions from South India bringing the Sacred Tooth Relic with him Following the death of King Bhuvenakabahu in 1284 the Pandyans of South India invaded Sri Lanka once again and succeeded in capturing Sacred Tooth Relic Following its capture Yapahuwa was largely abandoned and inhabited by Buddhist monks and religious ascetics Contents 1 Location and Name 2 History 3 Image gallery 4 See also 5 External linksLocation and Name EditThe rock fortress complex of Yapahuwa is situated in the North Western Province Sri Lanka It is approximately between southeast of Mahawa midway Kurunegala and Anuradhapura The original name of this Buddhist Heritage is Yapawwa but now this is called as Yapahuwa which is a kind of distortion of its genuine etymological sense History EditYapahuwa served as the capital of Sri Lanka in the latter part of the 13th century 1273 1284 Built on a huge 90 meter high rock boulder in the style of the Sigiriya rock fortress Yapahuwa was a palace and military stronghold against foreign invaders The palace and fortress were built by King Buvanekabahu I 1272 1284 in the year 1273 Many traces of ancient battle defences can still be seen while an ornamental stairway is its biggest showpiece On top of the rock are the remains of a stupa a Bodhi tree enclosure and a rock shelter cave used by Buddhist monks indicating that earlier this site was used as a Buddhist monastery like many boulders and hills in the area There are several caves at the base of the rock In one of them there is a shrine with Buddha images One cave has a Brahmi script inscription At the southern base of the rock there is a fortification with two moats and ramparts In this enclosure there are the remains of a number of buildings including a Buddhist shrine There is also a Buddhist temple called Yapahuwa Rajamaha Vihara built during the Kandyan period The Tooth Relic was brought from Dambadeniya and kept in the Tooth Temple built for the purpose at the top of the third staircase The relics were carried away from the temple here to South India by the Pandyas and then recovered in 1288 by Parakkramabahu III 1287 1293 who temporarily placed them in safety at Polonnaruwa Image gallery Edit The Yapahuwa staircase The Yapahuwa Lion stone sculpture appears on the former 10 rupee note Carvings by the Staircase Ruined Stupa on the Yapahuwa Rock Staircase leading to the Rock View from the top Buddha Statues in the temple i Buddha Statues in the temple ii Kandyan era paintings inside the temple i Kandyan era paintings inside the temple ii Kandyan era paintings inside the temple iii See also EditSigiriya Mahawa Sri LankaExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Yapahuwa rock fortress Yapahuwa Sri Lanka Yapahuwa The Chinese connection Yapahuwa Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yapahuwa amp oldid 1126464335, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
