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The al-Waziri coup (Arabic: الثورة الدستورية اليمنيةal-thawra ad-dustūr al-Yamaniyya), also referred as the Yahya clan coup[1] was a violent dynasty overthrow attempt in the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen in 1948, which caused around 5,000 fatalities.[1] During the coup attempt, Imam Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed-Din, the ruler of the kingdom, was killed and the rival Sayyid family, the al-Wazirs, seized power for several weeks. Backed by the al-Saud family of Saudi Arabia, the Hamidaddins restored their rule. After the al-Wazirs were deposed, Imam Yahya's monarchy was restored with his son, Ahmad bin Yahya, ascending the throne.
On 30 October 1918, amidst the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Imam Yahya Muhammad Hamid ad-Din of the al-Qasimi dynasty declared northern Yemen an independent state. In 1926, Imam Yahya declared himself king of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, becoming a temporal as well as a (Zaydi) spiritual leader, and won international recognition for the state.
In the 1920s, Yahya had expanded Yemeni power to the north into southern Tihamah and southern 'Asir, but collided with the rising influence of the Saudi king of Hejaz and Nejd, Abdul Aziz ibn Sa'ud. In the early 1930s, Saudi forces retook much of these gains in the Saudi–Yemeni War of 1934, before withdrawing from some of the area, including the southern Tihamah city of Al Hudaydah. The present-day boundary with Saudi Arabia was established by the 20 May 1934 Treaty of Taif, following the 1934 war. Yahya's non-recognition of his kingdom's southern boundary with the BritishAden Protectorate (later South Yemen), which had been negotiated by his Ottoman predecessors, resulted in occasional clashes with the British.
Assassination and coup attemptedit
The al-Waziri clan sought to seize power from the ruling dynasty.[2] On 17 February 1948, tribesmen opposed to Imam Yahya ambushed his car south of Sanaa, at Sawad Hizyaz. The imam, his grandson, and two soldiers were killed; 50 bullets were said to have been found the imam's body. The leader of the ambush, Ali Nasir al-Qardaei, was from the Murad tribe, and had previously been imprisoned by the imam.[3][4] The al-Waziris then installed their own imam, Abdullah bin Ahmad al-Wazir, to run the kingdom. His rule lasted only for a few weeks.
Upon the assassination of Imam Yahya, his son Ahmad bin Yahya traveled through North Yemen, in an attempt to rally the tribes behind him,[2] winning support as the new Imam of Yemen. These tribesmen then surrounded Sana'a. As a result, Ahmad was able to regain control of the city, but the price he paid was giving the tribes leave to sack the capital.[2] The Sack of Sana'a lasted for seven days, and as many as 250,000 tribesmen were thought to have participated.[3] When Ahmad took power, the al-Waziri ruler Abdullah was deposed and beheaded.
Imam Yahya was succeeded by his son Ahmad bin Yahya, while the al-Waziris were deposed. Ahmad's reign was marked by growing development and openness, and renewed friction with the United Kingdom over the British presence in the south. This stood in the way of his aspirations for the creation of Greater Yemen. In March 1955, a coup by a group of officers and two of Ahmad's brothers briefly deposed the king, but this was quickly suppressed.
After Ahmad's death in 1962, Crown Prince Muhammad al-Badr was declared king. However, the Hamidaddin dynasty was overthrown the same year in a coup d'état by revolutionary republican army officers led by Abdullah al-Sallal. This escalated into a long civil war between the deposed royalists, supported by Saudi Arabia, and the free officers who had declared the establishment of the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR), and who were actively supported by NasseristEgypt.
^ abc. Archived from the original on 21 January 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2011.
^ abcPetersen J.E. Tribes and Politics in Yemen. Arabian Peninsula Background Note, No. APBN-007. Published on www.JEPeterson.net, December 2008. [1]
^ abMackintosh-Smith, Tim (2000). Yemen: The Unknown Arabia. New York: The Overlook Press. pp. 93–99.
^Ali Al-Sakani, Casey Coombs (22 October 2020). "Marib: A Yemeni Government Stronghold Increasingly Vulnerable to Houthi Advances". Sana'a Center For Strategic Studies. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
January 01, 1970
waziri, coup, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, arabic, january, 2024, . This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Arabic January 2024 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Arabic article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Arabic Wikipedia article at ar ثورة الدستور see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated ar ثورة الدستور to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Al Waziri coup news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2023 Learn how and when to remove this message Learn how and when to remove this message The al Waziri coup Arabic الثورة الدستورية اليمنية al thawra ad dustur al Yamaniyya also referred as the Yahya clan coup 1 was a violent dynasty overthrow attempt in the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen in 1948 which caused around 5 000 fatalities 1 During the coup attempt Imam Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed Din the ruler of the kingdom was killed and the rival Sayyid family the al Wazirs seized power for several weeks Backed by the al Saud family of Saudi Arabia the Hamidaddins restored their rule After the al Wazirs were deposed Imam Yahya s monarchy was restored with his son Ahmad bin Yahya ascending the throne al Waziri coupDate17 February March 1948 1 week and 6 days LocationMutawakkilite Kingdom of YemenResultCoup failed King Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed Din assassinated Abdullah bin Ahmad al Wazir briefly becomes King but is deposed and beheaded Ahmad bin Yahya ascends to the throne BelligerentsAlwazirsHamidaddinsCommanders and leadersAbdullah bin Ahmad al Wazir Yahya Muhammad Hamid ed Din X Ahmad bin YahyaCasualties and losses5 000 dead 1 Contents 1 Background 2 Assassination and coup attempt 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 ReferencesBackground editFurther information Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen On 30 October 1918 amidst the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire Imam Yahya Muhammad Hamid ad Din of the al Qasimi dynasty declared northern Yemen an independent state In 1926 Imam Yahya declared himself king of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen becoming a temporal as well as a Zaydi spiritual leader and won international recognition for the state In the 1920s Yahya had expanded Yemeni power to the north into southern Tihamah and southern Asir but collided with the rising influence of the Saudi king of Hejaz and Nejd Abdul Aziz ibn Sa ud In the early 1930s Saudi forces retook much of these gains in the Saudi Yemeni War of 1934 before withdrawing from some of the area including the southern Tihamah city of Al Hudaydah The present day boundary with Saudi Arabia was established by the 20 May 1934 Treaty of Taif following the 1934 war Yahya s non recognition of his kingdom s southern boundary with the British Aden Protectorate later South Yemen which had been negotiated by his Ottoman predecessors resulted in occasional clashes with the British Assassination and coup attempt editThe al Waziri clan sought to seize power from the ruling dynasty 2 On 17 February 1948 tribesmen opposed to Imam Yahya ambushed his car south of Sanaa at Sawad Hizyaz The imam his grandson and two soldiers were killed 50 bullets were said to have been found the imam s body The leader of the ambush Ali Nasir al Qardaei was from the Murad tribe and had previously been imprisoned by the imam 3 4 The al Waziris then installed their own imam Abdullah bin Ahmad al Wazir to run the kingdom His rule lasted only for a few weeks Upon the assassination of Imam Yahya his son Ahmad bin Yahya traveled through North Yemen in an attempt to rally the tribes behind him 2 winning support as the new Imam of Yemen These tribesmen then surrounded Sana a As a result Ahmad was able to regain control of the city but the price he paid was giving the tribes leave to sack the capital 2 The Sack of Sana a lasted for seven days and as many as 250 000 tribesmen were thought to have participated 3 When Ahmad took power the al Waziri ruler Abdullah was deposed and beheaded Aftermath editFurther information North Yemen Civil War Imam Yahya was succeeded by his son Ahmad bin Yahya while the al Waziris were deposed Ahmad s reign was marked by growing development and openness and renewed friction with the United Kingdom over the British presence in the south This stood in the way of his aspirations for the creation of Greater Yemen In March 1955 a coup by a group of officers and two of Ahmad s brothers briefly deposed the king but this was quickly suppressed After Ahmad s death in 1962 Crown Prince Muhammad al Badr was declared king However the Hamidaddin dynasty was overthrown the same year in a coup d etat by revolutionary republican army officers led by Abdullah al Sallal This escalated into a long civil war between the deposed royalists supported by Saudi Arabia and the free officers who had declared the establishment of the Yemen Arab Republic YAR and who were actively supported by Nasserist Egypt See also editList of modern conflicts in the Middle EastReferences edit a b c CSP Major Episodes of Political Violence 1946 2012 Archived from the original on 21 January 2014 Retrieved 22 September 2011 a b c Petersen J E Tribes and Politics in Yemen Arabian Peninsula Background Note No APBN 007 Published on www JEPeterson net December 2008 1 a b Mackintosh Smith Tim 2000 Yemen The Unknown Arabia New York The Overlook Press pp 93 99 Ali Al Sakani Casey Coombs 22 October 2020 Marib A Yemeni Government Stronghold Increasingly Vulnerable to Houthi Advances Sana a Center For Strategic Studies Retrieved 13 February 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Al Waziri coup amp oldid 1218786940, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
