XII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)
XII Army Corps (German: XII. Armeekorps) was a corps in the German Army during World War II. It was formed in the Wehrkreis XII recruitment and training district in Wiesbaden in October 1936 and was mobilized before the outbreak of war at the end of August 1939.
| XII. Armeekorps | |
|---|---|
| Active | October 1936 – July 1944 |
| Country | Nazi Germany |
| Branch | Army |
| Size | Corps |
| Engagements | World War II |
At the start of World War II the corps were part of the 1st Army and based in the Saar region. In 1939 it fought with the 4th Army in Poland. In June 1940 they broke through the Maginot line to the Moselle near Nancy.
In Operation Barbarossa in June 1941 the corps were attached to Panzer Group 2 for the attack on the stronghold of Brest-Litovsk. After advancing further into Russia they were held up by Soviet counter-attacks.
Following Operation Bagration, the huge Soviet counter-attack in 1944, XII Corps were forced to retreat in bad condition and in July 1944 were finally destroyed in a pocket east of Minsk. General Müller was taken prisoner.
The corps was reformed in April 1945 to defend the middle Rhine and Thuringia under General Herbert Osterkamp.
Commanders
- Infantry General (General der Infanterie) Walther Schroth, 4 February 1938 – 9 April 1940
- Colonel-general (Generaloberst) Gotthard Heinrici, 9 April – 17 June 1940
- Infantry General (General der Infanterie) Walther Schroth, 17 June 1940 – 19 February 1942
- Infantry General (General der Infanterie) Walther Graeßner, 19 February 1942 – 18 February 1943
- Infantry General (General der Infanterie) Kurt von Tippelskirch, 18 February 1943 – 4 June 1944
- Lieutenant-general (Generalleutnant) Vincenz Müller, 4 June – 5 July 1944
After reformation
- Artillery General (General der Artillerie) Herbert Osterkamp, April 1945 –8 May 1945
Area of Operation
- Poland : September 1939 - May 1940
- France : May 1940 - June 1941
- Eastern Front, Central sector : June 1941 - May 1944
- Minsk : May 1944 - July 1944
- South-west Germany : July 1944 - February 1945
References
- Article based on equivalent articles (de:Armeekorps (Wehrmacht)) on German Wikipedia and (fr:10e corps d'armée (Allemagne) on French Wikipedia.
- Percy Ernst Schramm (Hrsg.): Kriegstagebuch des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht, Bernard & Graefe Verlag für Wehrwesen, Frankfurt am Main 1965.
- Volume I: 1940/41 written by Hans-Adolf Jacobsen.
- Volume II: 1942 written by Andreas Hillgruber, Bernard & Graefe Verlag für Wehrwesen, Frankfurt am Main 1965.
- Voume III: 1943 written by Walther Hubatsch, Bernard & Graefe Verlag für Wehrwesen, Frankfurt am Main 1965.
- Georg Tessin: Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939 – 1945, Frankfurt/Main and Osnabrück 1966.
- Rolf Hinze: Zusammenbruch der Heeresgruppe Mitte 1944, Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart 1992.
- Rolf Hinze: Das Ostfront Drama 1944, Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart 1987.