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Myuchelys

January 01, 1970

The Myuchelys is a genus of turtles, the Australian saw-shelled turtles, in the family Chelidae and subfamily Chelodininae. They inhabit the headwaters and tributaries of rivers within their range and this led to the name Myuchelys, which is formed from the Aboriginal word myuna meaning clear water and the Greek chelys meaning turtle.[2] They have a short neck and the intergular scute completely separates the gular scutes. They have no alveolar ridge separating them from the snapping turtles of the genus Elseya.

Myuchelys
Myuchelys
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Testudines
Suborder: Pleurodira
Family: Chelidae
Subfamily: Chelodininae
Genus: Myuchelys
Thomson and Georges, 2009[1][2]
Synonyms
  • Flaviemys
    Le, Reid, McCord, Naro-Maciel, Raxworthy, Amato, and Georges, 2013:257[1]

Species edit

The genus currently contains these cryptic small species of freshwater turtles, endemic to eastern and northern Australia:

Taxonomic history edit

The species Myuchelys latisternum was originally placed in the genus Elseya by Gray in 1867[5] but Elseya was redefined by George Albert Boulenger in 1889[6] to include species defined by the presence of an alveolar ridge. Hence, Myuchelys latisternum and Myuchelys novaeguineae were moved to the genus Emydura. In 1967, the two species were placed back in the genus Elseya by J. Goode,[7] where they remained until recently.

During the time, the species Myuchelys bellii was basically lost to knowledge, having been misidentified as a South American species when described by Gray in 1844,[3] and was in the genus Phrynops until this oversight was corrected by Cann in 1998.[8] The species Myuchelys georgesi and Myuchelys purvisi were initially placed in the genus Elseya, but were identified as belonging to a unique clade along with Myuchelys latisternum and Myuchelys bellii using electrophoresis.[9]

The first attempt to separate this group into its own genus was the genus Euchelymys (Gray, 1871),[10] but this name was subsequently synonymised with Elseya by Boulenger (1889)[6] and the name was made permanently unavailable when Lindholm (1929)[11] set Euchelymys sulcifera (= Emydura macquarii) as the type species, effectively making the name Euchelymys a junior synonym of Emydura.

Another option investigated was the fossil form Pelocomastes, de Vis 1897;[12] the species in this genus may have represented an extinct member of the latisternum group, but this was determined to be incorrect and the name Pelocomastes is now considered a junior synonym of Elseya.[13]

The genus name Wollumbinia was erected by Wells, 2007,[14] this paper was falsely declared by Georges and Thomson themselves to be in breach of the ICZN code defining a valid publication, ICZN Articles 8 and 9 and Recommendation 8D.[15][16] As such this name is not considered valid even though it is.[15][16][17] The genus encompassing these species was named Myuchelys by Thomson and Georges, 2009.[2] Currently, this arrangement is considered the accepted name for the latisternum group by the IUCN,[17] a single taxonomic checklist[16] and by numerous workers in diverse disciplines.[18][19] In the ensuing time the name Myuchelys has established usage as defined by the ICZN code, with many research papers being coerced into using it and but most amateur herpetologists and enthusiasts use the alternative Code compliant senior name. It is likely to be replaced in time and would only require the application of the ICZN Code rule of priority to do so.

In 2013, Le et al.[20] found that one species, purvisi, was still paraphyletic and proposed a new monophyletic genus to handle this; purvisi was therefore moved to the genus Flaviemys. In 2017, the IUCN TTWG following the recommendation of Spinks et al. (2015) placed Flaviemys as a synonymy of Myuchelys.[1]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Rhodin, Anders G.J.; Inverson, John B.; Roger, Bour; Fritz, Uwe; Georges, Arthur; Shaffer, H. Bradley & van Dijk, Peter Paul (August 3, 2017). "Turtles of the world, 2017 update: Annotated checklist and atlas of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution, and conservation status" (PDF). Chelonian Research Monographs. 7 (8th ed.). doi:10.3854/crm.7.checklist.atlas.v8.2017. ISBN 978-1-5323-5026-9. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
  2. ^ a b c Thomson, Scott & Georges, Arthur (2009). "Myuchelys gen. nov. a new genus for Elseya latisternum and related forms of Australian freshwater turtle (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae)". Zootaxa. 2053 (1): 32–42. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2053.1.2.
  3. ^ a b Gray, J. E. 1844. Catalogue of the Tortoises, Crocodiles and Amphibaenians in the Collection of the British Museum. London. Edward Newman. 80pp.
  4. ^ Cann, J. 1998a. Georges short-neck turtle. Monitor 9(1):18-23.
  5. ^ a b Gray, J. E. (1867). "Description of a new Australian Tortoise (Elseya latisternum)". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Series 3. 20 (115): 43–45. doi:10.1080/00222936708562715.
  6. ^ a b Boulenger, G. A. (1889). Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History). London: British Museum. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.13541.
  7. ^ Goode, J. (1967) Freshwater Tortoises of Australia and New Guinea (in the Family Chelidae). Lansdowne Press, Melbourne.
  8. ^ Cann, J. (1998) Australian Freshwater Turtles. Beaumont Publishing, Singapore.
  9. ^ Georges, A. & Adams, M. (1992). "A phylogeny for Australian chelid turtles based on allozyme electrophoresis". Australian Journal of Zoology. 40 (5): 453–476. doi:10.1071/zo9920453.
  10. ^ Gray, J. E. (1871). "On Euchelymys, a new genus and two new species of Australian Freshwater Tortoises". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Series 4. 8 (44): 117–118. doi:10.1080/00222937108696445.
  11. ^ Lindholm, W.A. (1929) Revidiertes Verzeichnis der Gattungen der rezenten Schildkröten nebst Notizen zur Nomenklatur einger Arten. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 81, 275–295.
  12. ^ de Vis, C.W. 1897. The extinct freshwater turtles of Queensland. Annals of the Queensland Museum. 3: 3-7.
  13. ^ Thomson, S. A. 2000 06 30: A Revision of the Fossil Chelid Turtles (Pleurodira) Described by C.W. De Vis, 1897. Memoires of the Queensland Museum 45(2):593-598. Brisbane. ISSN 0079-8835.
  14. ^ Wells, R.W. (2007) Some taxonomic and nomenclatural considerations on the Class Reptilia in Australia. A new genus of the Family Chelidae from eastern Australia.[permanent dead link] "Australian Biodiversity Record", 2007(3), 1–12. ISSN 1325-2992
  15. ^ a b Georges, Arthur & Thomson, Scott (2010). "Diversity of Australasian freshwater turtles, with an annotated synonymy and keys to species". Zootaxa. 2496 (1): 1–37. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2496.1.1.
  16. ^ a b c Fritz, U. & Havaš, P. (2007) Checklist of Chelonians of the World. 2016-01-16 at the Wayback Machine Vertebrate Zoology (Dresden), 57, 149–368.
  17. ^ a b Pritchard, Peter; van Dijk, Peter Paul; Saumure, Raymond; Buhlmann, Kurt; Iverson, John & Mittermeier, Russell (2010). "Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises". Chelonian Research Monographs. doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v3.2010.
  18. ^ Fielder, D.; Vernes, K.; Alacs, E. & Georges, A. (2012). "Mitochondrial variation among Australian freshwater turtles (genus Myuchelys), with special reference to the Endangered M. bellii". Endangered Species Research. 17 (1): 63–71. doi:10.3354/esr00417.
  19. ^ Georges, A.; Spencer, R. J.; Welsh, M.; Shaffer, H. B.; Walsh, R. & Zhang, X. (2011). "Application of the precautionary principle to taxa of uncertain status: the case of the Bellinger River turtle". Endangered Species Research. 14 (2): 127–134. doi:10.3354/esr00350.
  20. ^ Le, Minh; Reid, Brendan N.; McCord, William P.; Naro-Maciel, Eugenia; Raxworthy, Christopher J.; Amato, George & Georges, Arthur (2013). "Resolving the phylogenetic history of the short-necked turtles, genera Elseya and Myuchelys (Testudines: Chelidae) from Australia and New Guinea". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 68 (2): 251–258. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.023.

January 01, 1970
myuchelys, genus, turtles, australian, shelled, turtles, family, chelidae, subfamily, chelodininae, they, inhabit, headwaters, tributaries, rivers, within, their, range, this, name, which, formed, from, aboriginal, word, myuna, meaning, clear, water, greek, ch. The Myuchelys is a genus of turtles the Australian saw shelled turtles in the family Chelidae and subfamily Chelodininae They inhabit the headwaters and tributaries of rivers within their range and this led to the name Myuchelys which is formed from the Aboriginal word myuna meaning clear water and the Greek chelys meaning turtle 2 They have a short neck and the intergular scute completely separates the gular scutes They have no alveolar ridge separating them from the snapping turtles of the genus Elseya Myuchelys Myuchelys Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Reptilia Order Testudines Suborder Pleurodira Family Chelidae Subfamily Chelodininae Genus MyuchelysThomson and Georges 2009 1 2 Synonyms FlaviemysLe Reid McCord Naro Maciel Raxworthy Amato and Georges 2013 257 1 Species editThe genus currently contains these cryptic small species of freshwater turtles endemic to eastern and northern Australia Myuchelys bellii Namoi River snapping turtle Gray 1844 3 Myuchelys georgesi Bellinger River snapping turtle Cann 1997 4 Myuchelys latisternum saw shelled turtle Gray 1867 5 Myuchelys purvisi Manning River snapping turtle 1 Taxonomic history editThe species Myuchelys latisternum was originally placed in the genus Elseya by Gray in 1867 5 but Elseya was redefined by George Albert Boulenger in 1889 6 to include species defined by the presence of an alveolar ridge Hence Myuchelys latisternum and Myuchelys novaeguineae were moved to the genus Emydura In 1967 the two species were placed back in the genus Elseya by J Goode 7 where they remained until recently During the time the species Myuchelys bellii was basically lost to knowledge having been misidentified as a South American species when described by Gray in 1844 3 and was in the genus Phrynops until this oversight was corrected by Cann in 1998 8 The species Myuchelys georgesi and Myuchelys purvisi were initially placed in the genus Elseya but were identified as belonging to a unique clade along with Myuchelys latisternum and Myuchelys bellii using electrophoresis 9 The first attempt to separate this group into its own genus was the genus Euchelymys Gray 1871 10 but this name was subsequently synonymised with Elseya by Boulenger 1889 6 and the name was made permanently unavailable when Lindholm 1929 11 set Euchelymys sulcifera Emydura macquarii as the type species effectively making the name Euchelymys a junior synonym of Emydura Another option investigated was the fossil form Pelocomastes de Vis 1897 12 the species in this genus may have represented an extinct member of the latisternum group but this was determined to be incorrect and the name Pelocomastes is now considered a junior synonym of Elseya 13 The genus name Wollumbinia was erected by Wells 2007 14 this paper was falsely declared by Georges and Thomson themselves to be in breach of the ICZN code defining a valid publication ICZN Articles 8 and 9 and Recommendation 8D 15 16 As such this name is not considered valid even though it is 15 16 17 The genus encompassing these species was named Myuchelys by Thomson and Georges 2009 2 Currently this arrangement is considered the accepted name for the latisternum group by the IUCN 17 a single taxonomic checklist 16 and by numerous workers in diverse disciplines 18 19 In the ensuing time the name Myuchelys has established usage as defined by the ICZN code with many research papers being coerced into using it and but most amateur herpetologists and enthusiasts use the alternative Code compliant senior name It is likely to be replaced in time and would only require the application of the ICZN Code rule of priority to do so In 2013 Le et al 20 found that one species purvisi was still paraphyletic and proposed a new monophyletic genus to handle this purvisi was therefore moved to the genus Flaviemys In 2017 the IUCN TTWG following the recommendation of Spinks et al 2015 placed Flaviemys as a synonymy of Myuchelys 1 References edit a b c d Rhodin Anders G J Inverson John B Roger Bour Fritz Uwe Georges Arthur Shaffer H Bradley amp van Dijk Peter Paul August 3 2017 Turtles of the world 2017 update Annotated checklist and atlas of taxonomy synonymy distribution and conservation status PDF Chelonian Research Monographs 7 8th ed doi 10 3854 crm 7 checklist atlas v8 2017 ISBN 978 1 5323 5026 9 Retrieved October 4 2019 a b c Thomson Scott amp Georges Arthur 2009 Myuchelys gen nov a new genus for Elseya latisternum and related forms of Australian freshwater turtle Testudines Pleurodira Chelidae Zootaxa 2053 1 32 42 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 2053 1 2 a b Gray J E 1844 Catalogue of the Tortoises Crocodiles and Amphibaenians in the Collection of the British Museum London Edward Newman 80pp Cann J 1998a Georges short neck turtle Monitor 9 1 18 23 a b Gray J E 1867 Description of a new Australian Tortoise Elseya latisternum Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 3 20 115 43 45 doi 10 1080 00222936708562715 a b Boulenger G A 1889 Catalogue of the Chelonians Rhynchocephalians and Crocodiles in the British Museum Natural History London British Museum doi 10 5962 bhl title 13541 Goode J 1967 Freshwater Tortoises of Australia and New Guinea in the Family Chelidae Lansdowne Press Melbourne Cann J 1998 Australian Freshwater Turtles Beaumont Publishing Singapore Georges A amp Adams M 1992 A phylogeny for Australian chelid turtles based on allozyme electrophoresis Australian Journal of Zoology 40 5 453 476 doi 10 1071 zo9920453 Gray J E 1871 On Euchelymys a new genus and two new species of Australian Freshwater Tortoises Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 4 8 44 117 118 doi 10 1080 00222937108696445 Lindholm W A 1929 Revidiertes Verzeichnis der Gattungen der rezenten Schildkroten nebst Notizen zur Nomenklatur einger Arten Zoologischer Anzeiger 81 275 295 de Vis C W 1897 The extinct freshwater turtles of Queensland Annals of the Queensland Museum 3 3 7 Thomson S A 2000 06 30 A Revision of the Fossil Chelid Turtles Pleurodira Described by C W De Vis 1897 Memoires of the Queensland Museum 45 2 593 598 Brisbane ISSN 0079 8835 Wells R W 2007 Some taxonomic and nomenclatural considerations on the Class Reptilia in Australia A new genus of the Family Chelidae from eastern Australia permanent dead link Australian Biodiversity Record 2007 3 1 12 ISSN 1325 2992 a b Georges Arthur amp Thomson Scott 2010 Diversity of Australasian freshwater turtles with an annotated synonymy and keys to species Zootaxa 2496 1 1 37 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 2496 1 1 a b c Fritz U amp Havas P 2007 Checklist of Chelonians of the World Archived 2016 01 16 at the Wayback Machine Vertebrate Zoology Dresden 57 149 368 a b Pritchard Peter van Dijk Peter Paul Saumure Raymond Buhlmann Kurt Iverson John amp Mittermeier Russell 2010 Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises Chelonian Research Monographs doi 10 3854 crm 5 000 checklist v3 2010 Fielder D Vernes K Alacs E amp Georges A 2012 Mitochondrial variation among Australian freshwater turtles genus Myuchelys with special reference to the Endangered M bellii Endangered Species Research 17 1 63 71 doi 10 3354 esr00417 Georges A Spencer R J Welsh M Shaffer H B Walsh R amp Zhang X 2011 Application of the precautionary principle to taxa of uncertain status the case of the Bellinger River turtle Endangered Species Research 14 2 127 134 doi 10 3354 esr00350 Le Minh Reid Brendan N McCord William P Naro Maciel Eugenia Raxworthy Christopher J Amato George amp Georges Arthur 2013 Resolving the phylogenetic history of the short necked turtles genera Elseya and Myuchelys Testudines Chelidae from Australia and New Guinea Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 68 2 251 258 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2013 03 023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Myuchelys amp oldid 1224591733, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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