The Willys Jeep Station Wagon, Jeep Utility Wagon and Jeep Panel Delivery are automobiles produced by Willys and Kaiser Jeep in the United States from 1946 to 1964, with production in Argentina and Brazil continuing until 1970 and 1977 respectively. They were the first mass-market all-steel station wagons designed and built as a passenger vehicle.[3] With over 300,000 wagons and its variants built in the U.S., it was one of Willys' most successful post-World War II models.[citation needed] For some time after the 1949 introduction of a four-wheel drive option, the 2WD was sold as "Station Wagon", while the 4WD was marketed as "Utility Wagon".[4] The 4WD Willys Jeep Wagon is often considered the first production sport utility vehicle.[5][6] The Jeep Wagon was assembled in several international markets under various forms of joint ventures, licenses, or knock-down kits.
The Wagon's all-steel body was sometimes painted as a woodie
The Jeep Wagon was designed in the mid-1940s by industrial designer Brooks Stevens.[7] Willys did not make their own bodies, car bodies were in high demand, and Willys was known to have limited finances. Brooks therefore designed bodies that could be built by sheet metal fabricators who normally made parts for household appliances and could draw sheet metal no more than 6 inches (152 mm).[8]
The steel body was efficient to mass-produce, easier to maintain and safer than the real wood-bodied station wagon versions at the time.[9] Within the first two years of the Jeep Wagon's production, the only manufacturer in the United States with a station wagon that was comparable in price was Crosley,[10] which introduced an all-steel wagon in 1947.
The Jeep Wagon was the first Willys product with independent front suspension. Barney Roos, Willys' chief engineer, developed a system based on a transverse seven-leaf spring. The system, called "Planadyne" by Willys, was similar in concept to the "planar" suspension Roos had developed for Studebaker in the mid-1930s.[10]
In 1953 the U.S. military included the 4x4 station wagon models 463 and 473 as non (standard) classified 1/4-ton trucks under Standard Nomenclature List number G-740 in Technical Manual edition TM9-2800-1.[11]
Production timelineedit
1951 Advertisement for the Willys Station WagonWillys Jeep "Estanciera" made by IKA in Argentina.Brazil – Willys Wagon became the Ford Rural (1969-1974 model)Willys Jeep Station Wagon taxi, Cuba.
1947: a panel van introduced with one seat, a pair of doors instead of the wagon's tailgate, and no side windows behind the front doors.[13] 663 model introduced late in year, powered by the L-148 Lightningstraight-six engine, 50 built.[14]
1948: A luxury version, the Station Sedan, had solid body colors with basket-weave trim on the sides and was better finished than the wagon throughout.[10]
1950: the flat 10 slot grille was replaced by a pointed v-shape design with five horizontal bars across the vertical ones. New 1950 model introduced April 16, leftover 1949 models continued into March.[14] The 473 model got the new 'F-134 Hurricane, and the 673 model got a new 161 cu in (2.6 L) version of the Lightning six. Station sedan discontinued.[13]
1952: the flathead Lightning was dropped in favor of the F-161 Hurricane, installed in the 685 model. Key start replaces floor start; chrome strip added to hood, cowl sides on Wagon only; flush side mount tail lights replace single light.[14]
1954: the first under Kaiser's ownership. The 6-226 Super Hurricane, a flathead inline six, was introduced. This was a version of the Kaiser Supersonic/Continental Red Seal engine and became available on four-wheel drive versions in 1954. Minor revisions were made to front end styling that year, including the reduction of the number of horizontal slats in the grille from five to three. There were few other changes between 1953 and 1955.[15]
1955: a number of new models were added. The 6-226 model lineup gained stripped chassis, flat face cowl, cowl/windshield, and ambulance models. The 475 line received only the cowl/windshield. Willys withdrew from the passenger car market and renamed the vehicle the Utility Wagon. The seventh seat and the overdrive were deleted, and the Planadyne front suspension used with the two-wheel drive wagon was replaced with a beam axle. Warn hubs, with which the front drive mechanism could be disengaged by turning the hubs by hand, became optional on four-wheel drive models.[16]
1958: the Maverick model introduced, a more luxurious version of the two-wheel drive wagon. It could be had only with the four-cylinder engine. The main upgrades were in the introduction of two-tone paint with matching interior in two tones and the standard AM radio. It was distinguished by its extra stainless steel trim ring under the windows. The Maverick name came from the TV series of the same name, of which Willys was a sponsor.
1962: the 6-230 Tornado OHC engine was introduced in May,[14] replacing the flathead.
1964: production ends as the Willys model had been phased out by the Jeep Wagoneer, which was introduced in the 1963 model year. Some leftover 1964 models were renumbered by dealers with 1965 VINs.[17]
In the 1950s, a version based on the 1946 US version was introduced. A truck version, the Pickup, was introduced in 1961. Ford Brazil bought the Willys factory in 1967 and the Rural Jeep wagon was renamed Ford Rural, and the truck was later named the Ford F-75 in 1972. Both models were offered with an inline-six engine, which was the first gasoline engine manufactured in Brazil. They were available in RWD or 4X4 configuration. The Rural was discontinued in 1977 and the F-75 in 1981.[18]
Notesedit
^Carlsson, Mårten. "Stevens segerbil". Klassiker. Retrieved 15 October 2019.
^TM 9-2800-1/TO 19-75A-89 – MILITARY VEHICLES(PDF). Washington: Departments of the Army and the Air Force. 13 February 1953. p. 152. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^Wx4: "Basic Wagon Data". Wx4.org. Archived February 21, 2015
^TATAREVIC, BOZI. "The Tale Of The Ford Rural And F-75 Truck". Retrieved 24 May 2015.
Referencesedit
Bradsher, Keith (2002). High and Mighty: SUVs: The World's Most Dangerous Vehicles and How They Got that Way. PublicAffairs. p. 5. ISBN978-1-58648-123-0.
Brown, Arch (1994). "Chapter Four – Postwar Plans for Willys: 1945-52". Jeep: The Unstoppable Legend. Lincolnwoood, IL USA: Publications International. ISBN0-7853-0870-9. LCCN 94-66811.
Foster, Patrick R. (2003). Standard Catalog of Jeep 1940-2003. Krause Publications. ISBN978-0-87349-522-6.
Olsen, Byron; Lyons, Dan (2000). Station Wagons. MBI Publishing. p. 27. ISBN978-0-7603-0632-1. Retrieved 4 August 2010.
Redmond, Derek (24 June 2002). . The CJ-3B Page. Archived from the original on 1 May 2012. Retrieved 2007-03-22.
Vincent, Van (12 February 2010). "Chevrolet Suburban at 75 years old-Looking back". CarguideBlog. Retrieved 4 August 2010.
1953 Willys Jeep Brochure, 1953, Form No. 2CM-SWC2-2-551-GG, retrieved 2011-11-20 – via Oldcarbrochures.com
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Willys Jeep Station Wagon.
4-door Willys Wagon auctioned — one of very few that were factory built.
January 01, 1970
willys, jeep, station, wagon, jeep, utility, wagon, jeep, panel, delivery, automobiles, produced, willys, kaiser, jeep, united, states, from, 1946, 1964, with, production, argentina, brazil, continuing, until, 1970, 1977, respectively, they, were, first, mass,. The Willys Jeep Station Wagon Jeep Utility Wagon and Jeep Panel Delivery are automobiles produced by Willys and Kaiser Jeep in the United States from 1946 to 1964 with production in Argentina and Brazil continuing until 1970 and 1977 respectively They were the first mass market all steel station wagons designed and built as a passenger vehicle 3 With over 300 000 wagons and its variants built in the U S it was one of Willys most successful post World War II models citation needed For some time after the 1949 introduction of a four wheel drive option the 2WD was sold as Station Wagon while the 4WD was marketed as Utility Wagon 4 The 4WD Willys Jeep Wagon is often considered the first production sport utility vehicle 5 6 The Jeep Wagon was assembled in several international markets under various forms of joint ventures licenses or knock down kits Willys Jeep Station WagonOverviewManufacturerWillysKaiser JeepFord BrazilIndustrias Kaiser ArgentinaAlso calledFord RuralIKA EstancieraProduction1946 1964 U S 1957 1970 Argentina 1950s 1977 Brazil DesignerBrooks Stevens 1 Body and chassisClassMid size sport utility vehicleBody style2 door or 4 door station wagon2 door panel truckRelatedWillys Jeep TruckWillys Overland JeepsterPowertrainPropulsionrear wheel drive optional four wheel driveDimensionsWheelbase104 in 2 642 mm 2 Length176 25 in 4 477 mm 2 Width72 in 1 829 mm 2 Height74 in 1 880 mm Curb weight3 206 lb 1 454 kg 4 500 lb 2 041 kg GWVChronologySuccessorJeep Wagoneer Contents 1 Development and reception 2 Production timeline 2 1 United States 2 2 Argentina 2 3 Brazil 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksDevelopment and reception edit nbsp The Wagon s all steel body was sometimes painted as a woodie The Jeep Wagon was designed in the mid 1940s by industrial designer Brooks Stevens 7 Willys did not make their own bodies car bodies were in high demand and Willys was known to have limited finances Brooks therefore designed bodies that could be built by sheet metal fabricators who normally made parts for household appliances and could draw sheet metal no more than 6 inches 152 mm 8 The steel body was efficient to mass produce easier to maintain and safer than the real wood bodied station wagon versions at the time 9 Within the first two years of the Jeep Wagon s production the only manufacturer in the United States with a station wagon that was comparable in price was Crosley 10 which introduced an all steel wagon in 1947 The Jeep Wagon was the first Willys product with independent front suspension Barney Roos Willys chief engineer developed a system based on a transverse seven leaf spring The system called Planadyne by Willys was similar in concept to the planar suspension Roos had developed for Studebaker in the mid 1930s 10 In 1953 the U S military included the 4x4 station wagon models 463 and 473 as non standard classified 1 4 ton trucks under Standard Nomenclature List number G 740 in Technical Manual edition TM9 2800 1 11 Production timeline edit nbsp 1951 Advertisement for the Willys Station Wagon nbsp Willys Jeep Estanciera made by IKA in Argentina nbsp Brazil Willys Wagon became the Ford Rural 1969 1974 model nbsp Willys Jeep Station Wagon taxi Cuba United States edit 1946 introduced as the 463 with 10 slot flat grille in July 1946 12 powered by the L 134 Go Devil flathead inline four engine 1947 a panel van introduced with one seat a pair of doors instead of the wagon s tailgate and no side windows behind the front doors 13 663 model introduced late in year powered by the L 148 Lightning straight six engine 50 built 14 1948 A luxury version the Station Sedan had solid body colors with basket weave trim on the sides and was better finished than the wagon throughout 10 1949 four wheel drive became an option 13 1950 the flat 10 slot grille was replaced by a pointed v shape design with five horizontal bars across the vertical ones New 1950 model introduced April 16 leftover 1949 models continued into March 14 The 473 model got the new F 134 Hurricane and the 673 model got a new 161 cu in 2 6 L version of the Lightning six Station sedan discontinued 13 1952 the flathead Lightning was dropped in favor of the F 161 Hurricane installed in the 685 model Key start replaces floor start chrome strip added to hood cowl sides on Wagon only flush side mount tail lights replace single light 14 1954 the first under Kaiser s ownership The 6 226 Super Hurricane a flathead inline six was introduced This was a version of the Kaiser Supersonic Continental Red Seal engine and became available on four wheel drive versions in 1954 Minor revisions were made to front end styling that year including the reduction of the number of horizontal slats in the grille from five to three There were few other changes between 1953 and 1955 15 1955 a number of new models were added The 6 226 model lineup gained stripped chassis flat face cowl cowl windshield and ambulance models The 475 line received only the cowl windshield Willys withdrew from the passenger car market and renamed the vehicle the Utility Wagon The seventh seat and the overdrive were deleted and the Planadyne front suspension used with the two wheel drive wagon was replaced with a beam axle Warn hubs with which the front drive mechanism could be disengaged by turning the hubs by hand became optional on four wheel drive models 16 1958 the Maverick model introduced a more luxurious version of the two wheel drive wagon It could be had only with the four cylinder engine The main upgrades were in the introduction of two tone paint with matching interior in two tones and the standard AM radio It was distinguished by its extra stainless steel trim ring under the windows The Maverick name came from the TV series of the same name of which Willys was a sponsor 1959 4X2 Wagon models have one piece windshield 1960 4X4 Wagons and Delivery models receive one piece windshield late year 14 1962 the 6 230 Tornado OHC engine was introduced in May 14 replacing the flathead 1964 production ends as the Willys model had been phased out by the Jeep Wagoneer which was introduced in the 1963 model year Some leftover 1964 models were renumbered by dealers with 1965 VINs 17 Argentina edit The Jeep Wagon was produced as the IKA Estanciera by Industrias Kaiser Argentina from 1957 to 1970 Brazil edit In the 1950s a version based on the 1946 US version was introduced A truck version the Pickup was introduced in 1961 Ford Brazil bought the Willys factory in 1967 and the Rural Jeep wagon was renamed Ford Rural and the truck was later named the Ford F 75 in 1972 Both models were offered with an inline six engine which was the first gasoline engine manufactured in Brazil They were available in RWD or 4X4 configuration The Rural was discontinued in 1977 and the F 75 in 1981 18 Notes edit Carlsson Marten Stevens segerbil Klassiker Retrieved 15 October 2019 a b c 1953 Willys Jeep Brochure Olsen amp Lyons 2000 p 27 Jeep for 1959 1960 and 1961 Allpar com 1960 Willys Four Wheel Drive Station Wagon Your Great Grandfather s SUV Autoweek Retrieved 5 October 2017 Greg The Very First Sport Utility Vehicle The Jeep Station Wagon autoroundup Retrieved 6 December 2017 Olsen amp Lyons 2000 p 28 Brown 1994 pp 66 68 Olsen amp Lyons 2000 p 29 a b c Brown 1994 p 70 TM 9 2800 1 TO 19 75A 89 MILITARY VEHICLES PDF Washington Departments of the Army and the Air Force 13 February 1953 p 152 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a work ignored help Wx4 Basic Wagon Data Wx4 org Archived February 21 2015 https web archive org web 20150221184837 http wx4 org to wagons usefulstuff wagonspecs html a b c Brown 1994 p 72 a b c d e Wx4 Basic Wagon Data Brown 1994 p 86 Brown 1994 p 90 Wx4 Vehicle Identification Numbers Explained Wagon Delivery models Wx4 org Archived February 21 2015 https web archive org web 20150221024530 http wx4 org to wagons usefulstuff vin vin html TATAREVIC BOZI The Tale Of The Ford Rural And F 75 Truck Retrieved 24 May 2015 References editBradsher Keith 2002 High and Mighty SUVs The World s Most Dangerous Vehicles and How They Got that Way PublicAffairs p 5 ISBN 978 1 58648 123 0 Brown Arch 1994 Chapter Four Postwar Plans for Willys 1945 52 Jeep The Unstoppable Legend Lincolnwoood IL USA Publications International ISBN 0 7853 0870 9 LCCN 94 66811 Foster Patrick R 2003 Standard Catalog of Jeep 1940 2003 Krause Publications ISBN 978 0 87349 522 6 Olsen Byron Lyons Dan 2000 Station Wagons MBI Publishing p 27 ISBN 978 0 7603 0632 1 Retrieved 4 August 2010 Redmond Derek 24 June 2002 Willys Jeep Station Wagons The CJ 3B Page Archived from the original on 1 May 2012 Retrieved 2007 03 22 Vincent Van 12 February 2010 Chevrolet Suburban at 75 years old Looking back CarguideBlog Retrieved 4 August 2010 1953 Willys Jeep Brochure 1953 Form No 2CM SWC2 2 551 GG retrieved 2011 11 20 via Oldcarbrochures comExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Willys Jeep Station Wagon 4 door Willys Wagon auctioned one of very few that were factory built Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Willys Jeep Station Wagon amp oldid 1201397550, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
