William was the son of William IX by his second wife Philippa of Toulouse.[1] He was born in Toulouse during the brief period when his parents ruled the capital. His birth is recorded in the Chronicle of Saint-Maixent for the year 1099: Willelmo comiti natus est filius, equivoce Guillelmus vocatus ('a son was born to Count William, named William like himself'). Later that same year, much to Philippa's ire, Duke William IX mortgaged Toulouse to Philippa's cousin, Bertrand of Toulouse, and then left on crusade.
Coin of William X 0,890g.
William and his mother, Philippa, were left in Poitiers. When his father, William IX returned from his unsuccessful crusade, he took up with Dangerose, the wife of a vassal, and set aside his rightful wife, Philippa. This caused strain between father and son until 1121 when William X married Aenor de Châtellerault, a daughter of his father's mistress Dangerose by her first husband, Aimery.[2] William succeeded to the duchy of Aquitaine in 1126.[3]
Marriage and issueedit
William and Aenor had:
Eleanor,[2] who later became heiress to the Duchy and is best known to history as Eleanor of Aquitaine;
William Aigret, who died at age 4 in 1130, about the time their mother Aenor de Châtellerault died.
Dukeedit
William administered his Aquitaine duchy as both a lover of the arts and a warrior. He became involved in conflicts with Normandy, which he raided in 1136 in alliance with Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou, who claimed it in his wife's name and for France.
Even inside his borders, William faced an alliance of the Lusignans and the Parthenays against him, an issue resolved with total destruction of the enemies. In international politics, William X initially supported antipope Anacletus II in the papal schism of 1130, opposite to Pope Innocent II, against the will of his own bishops. In 1134, Saint Bernard of Clairvaux convinced William to drop his support for Anacletus and join Innocent.[5]
Conversionedit
Depiction of the Conversion of William of Aquitaine X at Speed Museum of Art in Louisville
During St. Bernard's time spent with William, he invited him to attend mass at the La Couldre church. During communion, Bernard went to the door with the Eucharist on the sacred paten and pointed the Host toward him and asked him to not to look at God as he did his servants.[6]
On his deathbed, he expressed his wish to see king Louis VI of France as protector of his fifteen-year-old daughter Eleanor, and to find her a suitable husband.[8] Louis VI naturally accepted this guardianship and married the heiress of Aquitaine to his own son, Louis VII.[8]
Beech, George T. (1995). "Aquitaine". In Kibler, William W.; Zinn, Grover A. (eds.). Medieval France: An Encyclopedia. Garland Publishing, Inc. pp. 55–57.
Brown, Elizabeth A.R. (2002). "Eleanor of Aquitaine Reconsidered: The Woman and Her Seasons". In Wheeler, B.; Parsons, John C. (eds.). Eleanor of Aquitaine: Lord and Lady. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 1–54.
Gildas, M. (1907). "St. Bernard of Clairvaux". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company.
Hanley, Catherine (2022). Two Houses, Two Kingdoms: A History of France and England, 1100-1300. Yale University Press.50
Martindale, Jane (2001). "'An unfinished business': Angevin Politics and the Siege of Toulouse, 1153". In Gillingham, John (ed.). Anglo-Norman Studies XXIII: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2000. The Boydell Press. pp. 115–154.
Reilly, Bernard F. (1995). The Contest of Christian and Muslim Spain, 1031-1157. Blackwell Publishing.
Vones-Liebenstein, Ursula (2016). "From Aquitaine to Provence: The struggle for influence during the schism of 1130". In Doran, John; Smith, Damian J. (eds.). Pope Innocent II (1130–43): The World vs the City. Routledge. pp. 152–171.
william, duke, aquitaine, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, 2. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources William X Duke of Aquitaine news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations May 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message William X Occitan Guillem X 1099 9 April 1137 called the Saint was Duke of Aquitaine Duke of Gascony and Count of Poitou as William VIII from 1126 to 1137 William XBorn1098ToulouseDied9 April 1137 1137 04 09 aged 37 38 Santiago de Compostela SpainNoble familyPoitiersSpouse s Aenor de ChatelleraultIssueEleanor Duchess of Aquitaine Petronilla Countess of Vermandois William AigretFatherWilliam IX Duke of AquitaineMotherPhilippa of Toulouse Contents 1 Early life 2 Marriage and issue 3 Duke 4 Conversion 5 Death 6 See also 7 References 8 SourcesEarly life editWilliam was the son of William IX by his second wife Philippa of Toulouse 1 He was born in Toulouse during the brief period when his parents ruled the capital His birth is recorded in the Chronicle of Saint Maixent for the year 1099 Willelmo comiti natus est filius equivoce Guillelmus vocatus a son was born to Count William named William like himself Later that same year much to Philippa s ire Duke William IX mortgaged Toulouse to Philippa s cousin Bertrand of Toulouse and then left on crusade nbsp Coin of William X 0 890g William and his mother Philippa were left in Poitiers When his father William IX returned from his unsuccessful crusade he took up with Dangerose the wife of a vassal and set aside his rightful wife Philippa This caused strain between father and son until 1121 when William X married Aenor de Chatellerault a daughter of his father s mistress Dangerose by her first husband Aimery 2 William succeeded to the duchy of Aquitaine in 1126 3 Marriage and issue editWilliam and Aenor had Eleanor 2 who later became heiress to the Duchy and is best known to history as Eleanor of Aquitaine Petronilla who married Raoul I of Vermandois 4 William Aigret who died at age 4 in 1130 about the time their mother Aenor de Chatellerault died Duke editWilliam administered his Aquitaine duchy as both a lover of the arts and a warrior He became involved in conflicts with Normandy which he raided in 1136 in alliance with Geoffrey V Count of Anjou who claimed it in his wife s name and for France Even inside his borders William faced an alliance of the Lusignans and the Parthenays against him an issue resolved with total destruction of the enemies In international politics William X initially supported antipope Anacletus II in the papal schism of 1130 opposite to Pope Innocent II against the will of his own bishops In 1134 Saint Bernard of Clairvaux convinced William to drop his support for Anacletus and join Innocent 5 Conversion edit nbsp Depiction of the Conversion of William of Aquitaine X at Speed Museum of Art in LouisvilleDuring St Bernard s time spent with William he invited him to attend mass at the La Couldre church During communion Bernard went to the door with the Eucharist on the sacred paten and pointed the Host toward him and asked him to not to look at God as he did his servants 6 In 1137 William joined the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela but died during the trip 7 Death editOn his deathbed he expressed his wish to see king Louis VI of France as protector of his fifteen year old daughter Eleanor and to find her a suitable husband 8 Louis VI naturally accepted this guardianship and married the heiress of Aquitaine to his own son Louis VII 8 See also editDukes of Aquitaine family treeReferences edit Martindale 2001 p 146 a b Brown 2002 p 5 Vones Liebenstein 2016 p 153 Beech 1995 p 57 Gildas 1907 https www newadvent org cathen 02498d htm Reilly 1995 p 187 a b Hanley 2022 p 50 Sources editBeech George T 1995 Aquitaine In Kibler William W Zinn Grover A eds Medieval France An Encyclopedia Garland Publishing Inc pp 55 57 Brown Elizabeth A R 2002 Eleanor of Aquitaine Reconsidered The Woman and Her Seasons In Wheeler B Parsons John C eds Eleanor of Aquitaine Lord and Lady Palgrave Macmillan pp 1 54 Gildas M 1907 St Bernard of Clairvaux The Catholic Encyclopedia Robert Appleton Company Hanley Catherine 2022 Two Houses Two Kingdoms A History of France and England 1100 1300 Yale University Press 50 Martindale Jane 2001 An unfinished business Angevin Politics and the Siege of Toulouse 1153 In Gillingham John ed Anglo Norman Studies XXIII Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2000 The Boydell Press pp 115 154 Reilly Bernard F 1995 The Contest of Christian and Muslim Spain 1031 1157 Blackwell Publishing Vones Liebenstein Ursula 2016 From Aquitaine to Provence The struggle for influence during the schism of 1130 In Doran John Smith Damian J eds Pope Innocent II 1130 43 The World vs the City Routledge pp 152 171 French nobilityPreceded byWilliam IX Duke of AquitaineCount of Poitiers1126 1137 Succeeded byEleanor Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William X Duke of Aquitaine amp oldid 1171578569, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
