fbpx
Wikipedia

William Hewett (died 1840)

William Hewett was a Royal Navy officer noted for making the first comprehensive survey of the North Sea and for his work on tides.

Chart of the Coasts of Brazil incorporating Hewett's survey work

Hewett went to sea in HMS Indefatigable first in the war with France, from 1805-1811, and in China in 1811. He then joined HMS Cornwall as midshipman. From 1813 he served in the HMS Inconstant, and carried out a number of surveys on the coast of Brazil, including Maranhão, Ceará and Bahia. He was made an acting Lieutenant in 1814, which was confirmed in 1815.[1][2][3]

Part of Admiralty Chart No 1630 showing the Leman and Ower Shoals

Hewett's first command was the surveying vessel HMS Protector. From 1818 to 1830 he carried out surveys of the east coast of England, an area noted for dangerous and often shifting shoals.[1][4]: 104  Hewett's description of the Leman and Ower banks, off the coast of Norfolk is given in full in the North Sea Sailing Directions of 1846.[5] Other areas surveyed included Yarmouth Roads,[6] the entrance to the River Humber, Lynn and Boston Deeps, The Gabbards and the Dudgeon. He also made recommendations for improvement of navigation of the coast, in particular regarding positioning of lighthouses and light vessels. He tested nautical inventions and trial compasses, reporting results to the Admiralty's committees.[1][2][7]

In 1830, Hewett was promoted to Commander, and in 1831 took command of HMS Fairy. He began his great work of surveying the North Sea to the Dutch coast and including the Dogger Bank. Four chronometers were supplied for determining longitude. [4]: 240–242  As well as normal surveying work, Hewett was engaged to test the theory of William Whewell who had suggested that between the Suffolk and Dutch coasts there should be a point at which there would be neither rise nor fall of the tide[8] - what is now known as an amphidromic point. This involved anchoring the ship and taking repeated soundings at the same location with lead and line, precautions being needed to allow for irregularities in the sea bed, and the effects of tidal flow. The data supported Whewell's prediction, with a rise of no more than 1 foot (0.30 m).[9][10]

The North Sea survey was nearing completion, when, on 13 November 1840, sailing from near Orfordness to Yarmouth, Fairy was lost with all hands in a great gale. For several days there was doubt as to her fate. Francis Beaufort, the hydrographer who had initiated the survey knew the Fairy to be a sound ship, and Hewett to be a fine seaman. He thought she might have run for shelter to Norway. A search was started and a reward was offered for information. But eventually it became clear that the ship was lost.[4]: 240–242 [11] A substantial fund was raised for the widows and children of those lost in the disaster. Hewett's widow had lost not only her husband, but a son and brother.[12]

Admiralty Chart No 2182 The North Sea sheet II, surveyed by Captains Hewett and Washington

The data from Hewett's ten years of work on the survey, including 30,000 soundings, were safe.[13] Captain John Washington in HMS Shearwater completed the survey, and confirmed Hewett's tidal findings.[14] The survey of the North Sea was published as three sheets, the first, of the southern part, as Admiralty Chart No. 1406 in 1842,[15][4]: 240–242 [16] and sheets II and III as Chart Nos. 2182 and 2248 in 1853-4.[17]

References

  1. ^ a b c "Loss of the Fairy". The Nautical Magazine: 116–130. 1841.
  2. ^ a b Dawson, Llewellyn Styles (1885). Memoirs of hydrography, including brief biographies of the principal officers who have served in H.M. Naval Surveying Service between the years 1750 and 1885. Part 1 - 1750-1830. Eastbourne: Henry W. Keay. pp. 56–57.
  3. ^ Purdy, J. (1822). Memoir, Descriptive and Explanatory, to Accompany the New Chart of the Ethiopic Or Southern Atlantic Ocean, with the Western Coasts of South-America, from Cape Horn to Panama. London: R.H. Laurie. pp. 9–10.
  4. ^ a b c d Ritchie, G.S. (1967). The Admiralty Chart. London: Hollis & Carter.
  5. ^ Norie, John William (1846). New and extensive sailing directions for the navigation of the North sea. London: Charles Wilson. pp. 34–35.
  6. ^ Hewett, William (1837). "Yarmouth Roads". The Nautical Magazine: 105–108.
  7. ^ Hewett, William (1854). "Becher's mercurial marine artificial horizon (Letter dated 1834)". The Nautical Magazine: 203–208.
  8. ^ Whewell, William (1836). "Researches on the tides, sixth series. On the results of an extensive system of tide observations made on the coasts of Europe and America in June 1835". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 126: 289–341.
  9. ^ Hewett, William (1841). "Tide observations in the North Sea". The Nautical Magazine: 180–183.
  10. ^ Cartwright, David Edgar (17 August 2000). Tides: A Scientific History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79746-7. OCLC 1001932580.
  11. ^ Rice, Tony (1986). British Oceanographic Vessels 1800-1950. London: The Ray Society. p. 70. ISBN 0903874199.
  12. ^ "Memorial of Mrs. Hewett". The Nautical Journal: 425–427. 1841.
  13. ^ "Loss of the Fairy". The Nautical Journal: 7. 1841.
  14. ^ Washington, John (1842). "Tide Observations - North Sea - Professor Whewell's Theory". The Nautical Magazine: 566–569.
  15. ^ "The North Sea - Sheet 1 - From Dover and Calais to Orfordness and Scheveningen". The Nautical Magazine: 289–291. 1845.
  16. ^ Day, Sir Archibald. The Admiralty Hydrographic Service, 1795-1919. H.M. Stationery Office. p. 50. OCLC 1082894797.
  17. ^ Dunsterville, Edward (1860). Admiralty Catalogue of Charts, Plans, Views, and Sailing Directions, &c (PDF). London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. p. 20.

william, hewett, died, 1840, other, uses, william, hewett, disambiguation, william, hewett, royal, navy, officer, noted, making, first, comprehensive, survey, north, work, tides, chart, coasts, brazil, incorporating, hewett, survey, work, hewett, went, indefat. For other uses see William Hewett disambiguation William Hewett was a Royal Navy officer noted for making the first comprehensive survey of the North Sea and for his work on tides Chart of the Coasts of Brazil incorporating Hewett s survey work Hewett went to sea in HMS Indefatigable first in the war with France from 1805 1811 and in China in 1811 He then joined HMS Cornwall as midshipman From 1813 he served in the HMS Inconstant and carried out a number of surveys on the coast of Brazil including Maranhao Ceara and Bahia He was made an acting Lieutenant in 1814 which was confirmed in 1815 1 2 3 Part of Admiralty Chart No 1630 showing the Leman and Ower Shoals Hewett s first command was the surveying vessel HMS Protector From 1818 to 1830 he carried out surveys of the east coast of England an area noted for dangerous and often shifting shoals 1 4 104 Hewett s description of the Leman and Ower banks off the coast of Norfolk is given in full in the North Sea Sailing Directions of 1846 5 Other areas surveyed included Yarmouth Roads 6 the entrance to the River Humber Lynn and Boston Deeps The Gabbards and the Dudgeon He also made recommendations for improvement of navigation of the coast in particular regarding positioning of lighthouses and light vessels He tested nautical inventions and trial compasses reporting results to the Admiralty s committees 1 2 7 In 1830 Hewett was promoted to Commander and in 1831 took command of HMS Fairy He began his great work of surveying the North Sea to the Dutch coast and including the Dogger Bank Four chronometers were supplied for determining longitude 4 240 242 As well as normal surveying work Hewett was engaged to test the theory of William Whewell who had suggested that between the Suffolk and Dutch coasts there should be a point at which there would be neither rise nor fall of the tide 8 what is now known as an amphidromic point This involved anchoring the ship and taking repeated soundings at the same location with lead and line precautions being needed to allow for irregularities in the sea bed and the effects of tidal flow The data supported Whewell s prediction with a rise of no more than 1 foot 0 30 m 9 10 The North Sea survey was nearing completion when on 13 November 1840 sailing from near Orfordness to Yarmouth Fairy was lost with all hands in a great gale For several days there was doubt as to her fate Francis Beaufort the hydrographer who had initiated the survey knew the Fairy to be a sound ship and Hewett to be a fine seaman He thought she might have run for shelter to Norway A search was started and a reward was offered for information But eventually it became clear that the ship was lost 4 240 242 11 A substantial fund was raised for the widows and children of those lost in the disaster Hewett s widow had lost not only her husband but a son and brother 12 Admiralty Chart No 2182 The North Sea sheet II surveyed by Captains Hewett and WashingtonThe data from Hewett s ten years of work on the survey including 30 000 soundings were safe 13 Captain John Washington in HMS Shearwater completed the survey and confirmed Hewett s tidal findings 14 The survey of the North Sea was published as three sheets the first of the southern part as Admiralty Chart No 1406 in 1842 15 4 240 242 16 and sheets II and III as Chart Nos 2182 and 2248 in 1853 4 17 References Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to William Hewett died 1840 a b c Loss of the Fairy The Nautical Magazine 116 130 1841 a b Dawson Llewellyn Styles 1885 Memoirs of hydrography including brief biographies of the principal officers who have served in H M Naval Surveying Service between the years 1750 and 1885 Part 1 1750 1830 Eastbourne Henry W Keay pp 56 57 Purdy J 1822 Memoir Descriptive and Explanatory to Accompany the New Chart of the Ethiopic Or Southern Atlantic Ocean with the Western Coasts of South America from Cape Horn to Panama London R H Laurie pp 9 10 a b c d Ritchie G S 1967 The Admiralty Chart London Hollis amp Carter Norie John William 1846 New and extensive sailing directions for the navigation of the North sea London Charles Wilson pp 34 35 Hewett William 1837 Yarmouth Roads The Nautical Magazine 105 108 Hewett William 1854 Becher s mercurial marine artificial horizon Letter dated 1834 The Nautical Magazine 203 208 Whewell William 1836 Researches on the tides sixth series On the results of an extensive system of tide observations made on the coasts of Europe and America in June 1835 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 126 289 341 Hewett William 1841 Tide observations in the North Sea The Nautical Magazine 180 183 Cartwright David Edgar 17 August 2000 Tides A Scientific History Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 79746 7 OCLC 1001932580 Rice Tony 1986 British Oceanographic Vessels 1800 1950 London The Ray Society p 70 ISBN 0903874199 Memorial of Mrs Hewett The Nautical Journal 425 427 1841 Loss of the Fairy The Nautical Journal 7 1841 Washington John 1842 Tide Observations North Sea Professor Whewell s Theory The Nautical Magazine 566 569 The North Sea Sheet 1 From Dover and Calais to Orfordness and Scheveningen The Nautical Magazine 289 291 1845 Day Sir Archibald The Admiralty Hydrographic Service 1795 1919 H M Stationery Office p 50 OCLC 1082894797 Dunsterville Edward 1860 Admiralty Catalogue of Charts Plans Views and Sailing Directions amp c PDF London Her Majesty s Stationery Office p 20 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William Hewett died 1840 amp oldid 1082854821, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.