Like most Currucaspecies, it has distinct male and female plumages. The adult male has a grey back and head, brick-red underparts, and white malar streaks ("moustaches"). The female is mainly brown above, with a greyer head, and whitish below with a pink flush. The subalpine warbler's song is fast and rattling, and is similar to the lesser whitethroat.
This bird seems to be related to the Sardinian warbler–Menetries' warbler superspecies. They all have white malar areas, the heads being dark above in adult males, and naked eye-rings. These three species are related to a superspecies consisting of Rüppell's warbler and the Cyprus warbler, which also share the white malar area with blackish above (Shirihai et al. 2001,[1] Jønsson & Fjeldså 2006 [2]). The subalpine warbler is divided into two distinct subspecies groups, which may possibly be sufficiently diverged to qualify as two separate species (Shirihai et al. 2001).[1] The two groups have differing male plumages, distinctive calls, and are allopatric; further study is needed. In May 2020, the IOC world bird list the western and eastern subalpine warblers were split into two distinct species.[3]
This is a bird of dry open country, often on hill slopes, with bushes for nesting. The nest is built in low shrub or gorse, and 3–5 eggs are laid. Like most "warblers", it is insectivorous, but will also take berries.
This species prefers tall and dense heterogeneous maquis with sparse tree cover in dry Mediterranean areas, particularly maquis of holm oak (Quercus ilex) and those dominated by strawberry tree (Arbutus) and tree-heath (Erica). It is also frequently found in young cork oak (Quercus suber) forest and in dense but treeless bushy areas. It uses bushy formations dominated by brambles (Rubus fruticosus) along sunny ravines and valley bottoms and prefers the intermediate stages of post-wildfire succession. Breeding occurs from late March to late June and the species is monogamous. The male constructs several ‘cock nests’ but both sexes build the breeding nest which is a deep, robust cup of grasses, thin roots and leaves and lined with finer grasses, rootlets and hair. It is placed in low scrub, bush or a small tree, c. 30–130 cm above the ground. Clutches are three to five eggs. The diet is mostly small insects and their larvae but outside of the breeding season berries and fruits are also taken. The species is a long-distance migrant, wintering in sub-Saharan Africa (Aymí et al. 2015). [4]
Referencesedit
^ abPhylogeny and biogeography of the genus Sylvia, pp. 24 – 30 in: Shirihai, Hadoram, Gabriel Gargallo and Andrea J. Helbig (2001) Sylvia warblers: Identification, taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus SylviaHelm Identification GuidesISBN0-7136-3984-9
^Jønsson, Knud A.; Fjeldså, Jon (2006). "A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds (Aves: Passeri)". Zool. Scripta. 35 (2): 149–186. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00221.x. S2CID 85317440.
^"Split of Western and Eastern Subalpine Warbler". Magornitho. 7 May 2020. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
^"IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". Iucnredlist.org. Retrieved 2022-08-10.
Further readingedit
Brambilla, Mattia; Vitulano, Severino; Spina, Fernando; Bacetti, Nicola; Gargalllo, Gabriel; Fabbri, Elena; Guidali, Franca; Randi, Ettore (2008). "A molecular phylogeny of the Sylvia cantillans complex: Cryptic species within the Mediterranean basin". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 48 (2): 461–472. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.05.013. PMID 18590968.
Svensson, Lars (2013). "A taxonomic revision of the Subalpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans" (PDF). Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. 133: 240–248.
Svensson, Lars (2013). "Subalpine Warbler variation and taxonomy". British Birds. 106 (11): 651–668.
External linksedit
Ageing and sexing (PDF; 3.8 MB) by Javier Blasco-Zumeta & Gerd-Michael Heinze
Avibase
May 03, 2024
western, subalpine, warbler, western, subalpine, warbler, curruca, iberiae, small, typical, warbler, which, breeds, southernmost, areas, europe, north, western, africa, male, monfragüe, spain, female, costa, brava, spain, scientific, classification, domain, eu. The western subalpine warbler Curruca iberiae is a small typical warbler which breeds in the southernmost areas of Europe and north western Africa Western subalpine warbler Male in Monfrague Spain Female in Costa Brava Spain Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Aves Order Passeriformes Family Sylviidae Genus Curruca Species C iberiae Binomial name Curruca iberiae Svensson 2013 Like most Curruca species it has distinct male and female plumages The adult male has a grey back and head brick red underparts and white malar streaks moustaches The female is mainly brown above with a greyer head and whitish below with a pink flush The subalpine warbler s song is fast and rattling and is similar to the lesser whitethroat This bird seems to be related to the Sardinian warbler Menetries warbler superspecies They all have white malar areas the heads being dark above in adult males and naked eye rings These three species are related to a superspecies consisting of Ruppell s warbler and the Cyprus warbler which also share the white malar area with blackish above Shirihai et al 2001 1 Jonsson amp Fjeldsa 2006 2 The subalpine warbler is divided into two distinct subspecies groups which may possibly be sufficiently diverged to qualify as two separate species Shirihai et al 2001 1 The two groups have differing male plumages distinctive calls and are allopatric further study is needed In May 2020 the IOC world bird list the western and eastern subalpine warblers were split into two distinct species 3 This is a bird of dry open country often on hill slopes with bushes for nesting The nest is built in low shrub or gorse and 3 5 eggs are laid Like most warblers it is insectivorous but will also take berries Contents 1 Habitat and ecology 2 References 3 Further reading 4 External linksHabitat and ecology editThis species prefers tall and dense heterogeneous maquis with sparse tree cover in dry Mediterranean areas particularly maquis of holm oak Quercus ilex and those dominated by strawberry tree Arbutus and tree heath Erica It is also frequently found in young cork oak Quercus suber forest and in dense but treeless bushy areas It uses bushy formations dominated by brambles Rubus fruticosus along sunny ravines and valley bottoms and prefers the intermediate stages of post wildfire succession Breeding occurs from late March to late June and the species is monogamous The male constructs several cock nests but both sexes build the breeding nest which is a deep robust cup of grasses thin roots and leaves and lined with finer grasses rootlets and hair It is placed in low scrub bush or a small tree c 30 130 cm above the ground Clutches are three to five eggs The diet is mostly small insects and their larvae but outside of the breeding season berries and fruits are also taken The species is a long distance migrant wintering in sub Saharan Africa Aymi et al 2015 4 References edit a b Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Sylvia pp 24 30 in Shirihai Hadoram Gabriel Gargallo and Andrea J Helbig 2001 Sylvia warblers Identification taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Sylvia Helm Identification Guides ISBN 0 7136 3984 9 Jonsson Knud A Fjeldsa Jon 2006 A phylogenetic supertree of oscine passerine birds Aves Passeri Zool Scripta 35 2 149 186 doi 10 1111 j 1463 6409 2006 00221 x S2CID 85317440 Split of Western and Eastern Subalpine Warbler Magornitho 7 May 2020 Retrieved 8 May 2020 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Iucnredlist org Retrieved 2022 08 10 Further reading editBrambilla Mattia Vitulano Severino Spina Fernando Bacetti Nicola Gargalllo Gabriel Fabbri Elena Guidali Franca Randi Ettore 2008 A molecular phylogeny of the Sylvia cantillans complex Cryptic species within the Mediterranean basin Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48 2 461 472 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2008 05 013 PMID 18590968 Svensson Lars 2013 A taxonomic revision of the Subalpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans PDF Bulletin of the British Ornithologists Club 133 240 248 Svensson Lars 2013 Subalpine Warbler variation and taxonomy British Birds 106 11 651 668 External links editAgeing and sexing PDF 3 8 MB by Javier Blasco Zumeta amp Gerd Michael Heinze Avibase Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Western subalpine warbler amp oldid 1158005488, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
