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Ward No. 110, Kolkata Municipal Corporation

Ward No. 110, Kolkata Municipal Corporation is an administrative division of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in Borough No. 11, covering part of Garia (Baishnabghata Patuli Township-Kanungo Park-Sreerampur-Pranab Nagar-Briji-Dhalai Bridge) neighbourhood in South Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Ward No. 110
Kolkata Municipal Corporation
Interactive Map Outlining Ward No. 110
Ward No. 110
Location in Kolkata
Coordinates (dms): 22°28′26″N 88°22′58″E / 22.473833°N 88.382694°E / 22.473833; 88.382694Coordinates: 22°28′26″N 88°22′58″E / 22.473833°N 88.382694°E / 22.473833; 88.382694
Country India
StateWest Bengal
CityKolkata
NeighbourhoodGaria (Baishnabghata Patuli Township-Kanungo Park-Sreerampur-Pranab Nagar-Briji-Dhalai Bridge)
ReservationSC
Parliamentary constituencyJadavpur
Assembly constituencyJadavpur
Borough11
Population
 (2011)
 • Total27,470
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
700 094, 700 084
Area code+91 33

History

The establishment and evolution of Kolkata Municipal Corporation followed a long process starting from around the middle of the 19th century. The Municipal Consolidation Act of 1888 and certain steps taken thereafter saw the addition of peripheral areas in the eastern and southern parts of the city to the corporation area. In 1888, there were 75 commissioners, 50 of whom were elected, 15 appointed by the government and 10 nominated from bodies like Chambers of Commerce, Trades Associations and the Port Commissioners. The Calcutta Municipal Act of 1923 brought about important changes. The adjacent municipalities of Cossipore, Chitpore, Manicktola and Garden Reach, as well as the New Dock Extension area, were amalgamated with Kolkata. Garden Reach was later taken out.[1][2]

Post-independence developments saw the introduction of adult franchise in municipal elections in 1962. The number of wards increased from 75 to 100. Tollygunge was merged with Kolkata in 1953. The Calcutta Municipal Corporation Act 1980, which came into effect in 1984, extended the boundaries of Kolkata by including South Suburban, Garden Reach and Jadavpur municipalities in Kolkata. With the addition of Joka to Kolkata, the number of wards rose to 144.[1][2]

Geography

Ward No. 110 is bordered on the north by Eastern Metropolitan Bypass and EM Bypass link; on the east by Eastern Railway line; on the south by Pranabananda Road (Tolly’s Nullah); and on the west by Raja Subodh Chandra Mullick Road.[3]

The ward is served by Patuli police station of Kolkata Police.[4][5][6]

Patuli Women police station has jurisdiction over all police districts under the jurisdiction of South Suburban Division i.e. Netaji Nagar, Jadavpur, Kasba, Regent Park, Bansdroni, Garfa and Patuli.[4]

Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India, Ward No. 110, Kolkata Municipal Corporation, had a total population of 27,470, of which 13,681 (50%) were males and 13,789 (50%) were females. Population below 6 years was 1,894. The total number of literates in Ward No. 110 was 23,363 (91.35% of the population over 6 years).[7]

Kolkata is the second most literate district in West Bengal.[8] The literacy rate of Kolkata district has increased from 53.0% in 1951 to 86.3% in the 2011 census.[9]

See also – List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate

Literacy in KMC wards
North Kolkata
Ward No. 1 – 86.12%
Ward No. 2 – 94.24%
Ward No. 3 – 86.74%
Ward No. 4 – 89.27%
Ward No. 5 – 90.32%
Ward No. 6 – 81.12%
Ward No. 7 – 87.65%
Ward No. 8 – 93.57%
Ward No. 9 – 91.60%
Ward No. 10 – 92.38%
Ward No. 11 – 87.96%
Ward No. 12 – 84.95%
Ward No. 13 – 83.39%
Ward No. 14 – 87.87%
Ward No. 15 – 88.89%
Ward No. 16 – 88.62%
Ward No. 17 – 92.30%
Ward No. 18 – 78.72%
Ward No. 19 – 89.29%
Ward No. 20 – 85.93%
Ward No. 21 – 78.12%
Ward No. 22 – 85.07%
Ward No. 23 – 71.14%
Ward No. 24 – 73.16%
Ward No. 25 – 85.49%
Ward No. 26 – 82.34%
Ward No. 27 – 88.19%
Ward No. 28 – 79.39%
Ward No. 29 – 70.69%
Ward No. 30 – 88.71%
Ward No. 31 – 88.28%
Ward No. 32 – 75.73%
Ward No. 33 – 91.17%
Central Kolkata
Ward No. 34 – 92.79%
Ward No. 35 – 91.44%
Ward No. 36 – 66.34%
Ward No. 37 – 79.12%
Ward No. 38 – 85.77%
Ward No. 39 – 73.27%
Ward No. 40 – 88.14%
Ward No. 41 – 83.53%
Ward No. 42 – 75.02%
Ward No. 43 – 79.52%
Ward No. 44 – 79.09%
Ward No. 45 – 74.69%
Ward No. 46 – 85.38%
Ward No. 47 – 87.87%
Ward No. 48 – 82.04%
Ward No. 49 – 65.51%
Ward No. 50 – 88.70%
Ward No. 51 – 93.01%
Ward No. 52 – 86.18%
Ward No. 53 – 89.49%
Ward No. 54 – 82.10%
Ward No. 55 – 84.84%
Ward No. 56 – 85.53%
Ward No. 57 – 80.20%
Ward No. 58 – 74.35%
Ward No. 59 – 80.39%
Ward No. 60 – 44.16%
Ward No. 61 – 80.54%
Ward No. 62 – 86.04%
Ward No. 63 – 84.39%
Ward No. 64 – 85.21%
Ward No. 65 – 81.60%
South Kolkata
Ward No. 66 – 80.95%
Ward No. 67 – 89.52%
Ward No. 68 – 90.86%
Ward No. 69 – 86.07%
Ward No. 70 – 94.20%
Ward No. 71 – 92.01%
Ward No. 72 – 90.06%
Ward No. 73 – 89.28%
Ward No. 74 – 84.56%
Ward No. 75 – 80.27%
Ward No. 76 – 88.40%
Ward No. 77 – 83.84%
Ward No. 78 – 83.00%
Ward No. 79 – 81.96%
Ward No. 80 – 71.89%
Ward No. 81 – 85.14%
Ward No. 82 – 84.82%
Ward No. 83 – 85.63%
Ward No. 84 – 85.71%
Ward No. 85 – 88.19%
Ward No. 86 – 89.61%
Ward No. 87 – 90.26%
Ward No. 88 – 85.09%
Ward No. 89 – 92.40%
Ward No. 90 – 84.60%
Ward No. 91 – 90.57%
Ward No. 92 – 93.53%
Ward No. 93 – 91.30%
Ward No. 94 – 89.11%
Ward No. 95 – 95.61%
Ward No. 96 – 96.57%
Ward No. 97 – 94.60%
Ward No. 98 – 96.24%
Ward No. 99 – 95.79%
Ward No. 100 – 95.98%
Ward No. 101 – 95.36%
Ward No. 102 – 93.53%
Ward No. 103 – 94.77%
Ward No. 104 – 96.03%
Ward No. 105 – 93.86%
Ward No. 106 – 92.97%
Ward No. 107 – 90.06%
Ward No. 108 – 80.74%
Ward No. 109 – 85.49%
Ward No. 110 – 91.35%
Ward No. 111 – 93.36%
Ward No. 112 – 92.50%
Ward No. 113 – 92.18%
Ward No. 114 – 91.13%
Ward No. 115 – 95.53%
Ward No. 116 – 86.91%
Ward No. 117 – 86.53%
Ward No. 118 – 90.04%
Ward No. 119 – 94.04%
Ward No. 120 – 92.15%
Ward No. 121 – 91.86%
Ward No. 122 – 92.88%
Ward No. 123 – 93.42%
Ward No. 124 – 92.55%
Ward No. 125 – 92.50%
Ward No. 126 – 93.78%
Ward No. 127 – 91.82%
Ward No. 128 – 92.67%
Ward No. 129 – 92.56%
Ward No. 130 – 95.55%
Ward No. 131 – 93.48%
Ward No. 132 – 90.30%
Ward No. 133 – 83.48%
Ward No. 134 – 73.75%
Ward No. 135 – 75.75%
Ward No. 136 – 85.01%
Ward No. 137 – 79.16%
Ward No. 138 – 78.67%
Ward No. 139 – 77.56%
Ward No. 140 – 79.93%
Ward No. 141 – 75.15%
Note: The regional distribution
is a broad one and
there is some overlapping
Source:
2011 Census: Ward-Wise

Primary Census Abstract Data

Census data about mother tongue and religion is not available at the ward level. For district level information see Kolkata district.

According to the District Census Handbook Kolkata 2011, 141 wards of Kolkata Municipal Corporation formed Kolkata district. (3 wards were added later).[10]

Election highlights

The ward forms a city municipal corporation council electoral constituency and is a part of Jadavpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency).[11]

Election
year
Constituency Name of councillor Party affililiation
1985 Ward No. 110 Ujjwal Chatterjee Communist Party of India (Marxist) [12]
1990 Ujjwal Chatterjee Communist Party of India (Marxist) [13]
1995 Ujjwal Chatterjee Communist Party of India (Marxist) [14]
2000 Dipa Roy Communist Party of India (Marxist) [15]
2005 Dipa Roy Communist Party of India (Marxist) [16]
2010 Chandana Ghosh Dastidar Communist Party of India (Marxist) [17]
2015 Arup Chakraborty All India Trinamool Congress [18][19]
2021 Swaraj Mondal All India Trinamool Congress [20]

External links

  Kolkata/Southern fringes travel guide from Wikivoyage

References

  1. ^ a b "A walk down memory lane". About Kolkata. KMC. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
  2. ^ a b "Kolkata Municipal Corporation". Kolkata - a municipal history. KMC. Retrieved 16 February 2018.
  3. ^ "Municipal Wards". Yellow Pages.com. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  4. ^ a b "Kolkata Police, South Suburban Division". KP. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  5. ^ Kolkata: Detail Maps of 141 Wards with Street Directory, Fourth Impression 2003, Map No. 80, D.P. Publication and Sales Concern, 66 College Street, Kolkata-700 073.
  6. ^ . Census of India 2001. Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
  7. ^ "2011 Census – Primary Census Abstract Data Tables". West Bengal – District-wise. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 12 February 2018l.
  8. ^ "District Census Handbook Kolkata, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII B" (PDF). Page 25: District Highlights, 2011 Census. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  9. ^ "District Census Handbook Kolkata, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Pages 63-64: Literacy Rate. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  10. ^ "District Census Handbook Kolkata, Census of India 2011, Series 20, Part XII A" (PDF). Map on third page plus demographic data about all the wards in the handbook. Directorate of Census Operations, West Bengal. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  11. ^ "Delimitation Commission Order No. 18 dated 15 February 2006" (PDF). West Bengal. Election Commission. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  12. ^ Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION. In the search list click on this. On clicking one gets an option for "List of KMC Councillors" at the bottom of the page. Press <Open> to get to Adobe Acrobat file.
  13. ^ Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION. In the search list click on this. On clicking one gets an option for "List of KMC Councillors" at the bottom of the page. Press <Open> to get to Adobe Acrobat file.
  14. ^ Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION. In the search list click on this. On clicking one gets an option for "List of KMC Councillors" at the bottom of the page. Press <Open> to get to Adobe Acrobat file.
  15. ^ Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION. In the search list click on this. On clicking one gets an option for "List of KMC Councillors" at the bottom of the page. Press <Open> to get to Adobe Acrobat file.
  16. ^ Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION. In the search list click on this. On clicking one gets an option for "List of KMC Councillors" at the bottom of the page. Press <Open> to get to Adobe Acrobat file.
  17. ^ "Kolkata Municipal Corporation General Election Results 2010". Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  18. ^ Prabahat Khabar, Hindi newspaper, print edition, 29 April 2015
  19. ^ "Ward-wise winners" (PDF). Gazette Notification. West Bengal State Election Commission. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  20. ^ "Kolkata Municipal Corporation General Election Results 2010". Government of West Bengal. Retrieved 4 June 2015.

ward, kolkata, municipal, corporation, administrative, division, kolkata, municipal, corporation, borough, covering, part, garia, baishnabghata, patuli, township, kanungo, park, sreerampur, pranab, nagar, briji, dhalai, bridge, neighbourhood, south, kolkata, i. Ward No 110 Kolkata Municipal Corporation is an administrative division of Kolkata Municipal Corporation in Borough No 11 covering part of Garia Baishnabghata Patuli Township Kanungo Park Sreerampur Pranab Nagar Briji Dhalai Bridge neighbourhood in South Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal Ward No 110Kolkata Municipal CorporationInteractive Map Outlining Ward No 110Ward No 110Location in KolkataCoordinates dms 22 28 26 N 88 22 58 E 22 473833 N 88 382694 E 22 473833 88 382694 Coordinates 22 28 26 N 88 22 58 E 22 473833 N 88 382694 E 22 473833 88 382694Country IndiaStateWest BengalCityKolkataNeighbourhoodGaria Baishnabghata Patuli Township Kanungo Park Sreerampur Pranab Nagar Briji Dhalai Bridge ReservationSCParliamentary constituencyJadavpurAssembly constituencyJadavpurBorough11Population 2011 Total27 470Time zoneUTC 5 30 IST PIN700 094 700 084Area code 91 33 Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Demographics 4 Election highlights 5 External links 6 ReferencesHistory EditThe establishment and evolution of Kolkata Municipal Corporation followed a long process starting from around the middle of the 19th century The Municipal Consolidation Act of 1888 and certain steps taken thereafter saw the addition of peripheral areas in the eastern and southern parts of the city to the corporation area In 1888 there were 75 commissioners 50 of whom were elected 15 appointed by the government and 10 nominated from bodies like Chambers of Commerce Trades Associations and the Port Commissioners The Calcutta Municipal Act of 1923 brought about important changes The adjacent municipalities of Cossipore Chitpore Manicktola and Garden Reach as well as the New Dock Extension area were amalgamated with Kolkata Garden Reach was later taken out 1 2 Post independence developments saw the introduction of adult franchise in municipal elections in 1962 The number of wards increased from 75 to 100 Tollygunge was merged with Kolkata in 1953 The Calcutta Municipal Corporation Act 1980 which came into effect in 1984 extended the boundaries of Kolkata by including South Suburban Garden Reach and Jadavpur municipalities in Kolkata With the addition of Joka to Kolkata the number of wards rose to 144 1 2 Geography EditWard No 110 is bordered on the north by Eastern Metropolitan Bypass and EM Bypass link on the east by Eastern Railway line on the south by Pranabananda Road Tolly s Nullah and on the west by Raja Subodh Chandra Mullick Road 3 The ward is served by Patuli police station of Kolkata Police 4 5 6 Patuli Women police station has jurisdiction over all police districts under the jurisdiction of South Suburban Division i e Netaji Nagar Jadavpur Kasba Regent Park Bansdroni Garfa and Patuli 4 Demographics EditAs per the 2011 Census of India Ward No 110 Kolkata Municipal Corporation had a total population of 27 470 of which 13 681 50 were males and 13 789 50 were females Population below 6 years was 1 894 The total number of literates in Ward No 110 was 23 363 91 35 of the population over 6 years 7 Kolkata is the second most literate district in West Bengal 8 The literacy rate of Kolkata district has increased from 53 0 in 1951 to 86 3 in the 2011 census 9 See also List of West Bengal districts ranked by literacy rate Literacy in KMC wardsNorth KolkataWard No 1 86 12 Ward No 2 94 24 Ward No 3 86 74 Ward No 4 89 27 Ward No 5 90 32 Ward No 6 81 12 Ward No 7 87 65 Ward No 8 93 57 Ward No 9 91 60 Ward No 10 92 38 Ward No 11 87 96 Ward No 12 84 95 Ward No 13 83 39 Ward No 14 87 87 Ward No 15 88 89 Ward No 16 88 62 Ward No 17 92 30 Ward No 18 78 72 Ward No 19 89 29 Ward No 20 85 93 Ward No 21 78 12 Ward No 22 85 07 Ward No 23 71 14 Ward No 24 73 16 Ward No 25 85 49 Ward No 26 82 34 Ward No 27 88 19 Ward No 28 79 39 Ward No 29 70 69 Ward No 30 88 71 Ward No 31 88 28 Ward No 32 75 73 Ward No 33 91 17 Central KolkataWard No 34 92 79 Ward No 35 91 44 Ward No 36 66 34 Ward No 37 79 12 Ward No 38 85 77 Ward No 39 73 27 Ward No 40 88 14 Ward No 41 83 53 Ward No 42 75 02 Ward No 43 79 52 Ward No 44 79 09 Ward No 45 74 69 Ward No 46 85 38 Ward No 47 87 87 Ward No 48 82 04 Ward No 49 65 51 Ward No 50 88 70 Ward No 51 93 01 Ward No 52 86 18 Ward No 53 89 49 Ward No 54 82 10 Ward No 55 84 84 Ward No 56 85 53 Ward No 57 80 20 Ward No 58 74 35 Ward No 59 80 39 Ward No 60 44 16 Ward No 61 80 54 Ward No 62 86 04 Ward No 63 84 39 Ward No 64 85 21 Ward No 65 81 60 South KolkataWard No 66 80 95 Ward No 67 89 52 Ward No 68 90 86 Ward No 69 86 07 Ward No 70 94 20 Ward No 71 92 01 Ward No 72 90 06 Ward No 73 89 28 Ward No 74 84 56 Ward No 75 80 27 Ward No 76 88 40 Ward No 77 83 84 Ward No 78 83 00 Ward No 79 81 96 Ward No 80 71 89 Ward No 81 85 14 Ward No 82 84 82 Ward No 83 85 63 Ward No 84 85 71 Ward No 85 88 19 Ward No 86 89 61 Ward No 87 90 26 Ward No 88 85 09 Ward No 89 92 40 Ward No 90 84 60 Ward No 91 90 57 Ward No 92 93 53 Ward No 93 91 30 Ward No 94 89 11 Ward No 95 95 61 Ward No 96 96 57 Ward No 97 94 60 Ward No 98 96 24 Ward No 99 95 79 Ward No 100 95 98 Ward No 101 95 36 Ward No 102 93 53 Ward No 103 94 77 Ward No 104 96 03 Ward No 105 93 86 Ward No 106 92 97 Ward No 107 90 06 Ward No 108 80 74 Ward No 109 85 49 Ward No 110 91 35 Ward No 111 93 36 Ward No 112 92 50 Ward No 113 92 18 Ward No 114 91 13 Ward No 115 95 53 Ward No 116 86 91 Ward No 117 86 53 Ward No 118 90 04 Ward No 119 94 04 Ward No 120 92 15 Ward No 121 91 86 Ward No 122 92 88 Ward No 123 93 42 Ward No 124 92 55 Ward No 125 92 50 Ward No 126 93 78 Ward No 127 91 82 Ward No 128 92 67 Ward No 129 92 56 Ward No 130 95 55 Ward No 131 93 48 Ward No 132 90 30 Ward No 133 83 48 Ward No 134 73 75 Ward No 135 75 75 Ward No 136 85 01 Ward No 137 79 16 Ward No 138 78 67 Ward No 139 77 56 Ward No 140 79 93 Ward No 141 75 15 Note The regional distribution is a broad one and there is some overlappingSource 2011 Census Ward WisePrimary Census Abstract DataCensus data about mother tongue and religion is not available at the ward level For district level information see Kolkata district According to the District Census Handbook Kolkata 2011 141 wards of Kolkata Municipal Corporation formed Kolkata district 3 wards were added later 10 Election highlights EditThe ward forms a city municipal corporation council electoral constituency and is a part of Jadavpur Vidhan Sabha constituency 11 Election year Constituency Name of councillor Party affililiation1985 Ward No 110 Ujjwal Chatterjee Communist Party of India Marxist 12 1990 Ujjwal Chatterjee Communist Party of India Marxist 13 1995 Ujjwal Chatterjee Communist Party of India Marxist 14 2000 Dipa Roy Communist Party of India Marxist 15 2005 Dipa Roy Communist Party of India Marxist 16 2010 Chandana Ghosh Dastidar Communist Party of India Marxist 17 2015 Arup Chakraborty All India Trinamool Congress 18 19 2021 Swaraj Mondal All India Trinamool Congress 20 External links Edit Kolkata Southern fringes travel guide from WikivoyageReferences Edit a b A walk down memory lane About Kolkata KMC Retrieved 16 February 2018 a b Kolkata Municipal Corporation Kolkata a municipal history KMC Retrieved 16 February 2018 Municipal Wards Yellow Pages com Retrieved 4 June 2015 a b Kolkata Police South Suburban Division KP Retrieved 13 March 2018 Kolkata Detail Maps of 141 Wards with Street Directory Fourth Impression 2003 Map No 80 D P Publication and Sales Concern 66 College Street Kolkata 700 073 Table 3 District Wise List of Statutory Towns Municipal Corporation Municipality Notified Area and Cantonment Board Census Towns and Outgrowths West Bengal 2001 Census of India 2001 Census Commission of India Archived from the original on 21 July 2011 Retrieved 12 February 2018 2011 Census Primary Census Abstract Data Tables West Bengal District wise Registrar General and Census Commissioner India Retrieved 12 February 2018l District Census Handbook Kolkata Census of India 2011 Series 20 Part XII B PDF Page 25 District Highlights 2011 Census Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal Retrieved 15 February 2018 District Census Handbook Kolkata Census of India 2011 Series 20 Part XII A PDF Pages 63 64 Literacy Rate Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal Retrieved 15 February 2018 District Census Handbook Kolkata Census of India 2011 Series 20 Part XII A PDF Map on third page plus demographic data about all the wards in the handbook Directorate of Census Operations West Bengal Retrieved 15 February 2018 Delimitation Commission Order No 18 dated 15 February 2006 PDF West Bengal Election Commission Retrieved 4 June 2015 Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION In the search list click on this On clicking one gets an option for List of KMC Councillors at the bottom of the page Press lt Open gt to get to Adobe Acrobat file Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION In the search list click on this On clicking one gets an option for List of KMC Councillors at the bottom of the page Press lt Open gt to get to Adobe Acrobat file Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION In the search list click on this On clicking one gets an option for List of KMC Councillors at the bottom of the page Press lt Open gt to get to Adobe Acrobat file Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION In the search list click on this On clicking one gets an option for List of KMC Councillors at the bottom of the page Press lt Open gt to get to Adobe Acrobat file Search the web for COUNCILLORS OF KOLKATA MUNICITIPAL CORPORATION In the search list click on this On clicking one gets an option for List of KMC Councillors at the bottom of the page Press lt Open gt to get to Adobe Acrobat file Kolkata Municipal Corporation General Election Results 2010 Government of West Bengal Retrieved 4 June 2015 Prabahat Khabar Hindi newspaper print edition 29 April 2015 Ward wise winners PDF Gazette Notification West Bengal State Election Commission Retrieved 4 June 2015 Kolkata Municipal Corporation General Election Results 2010 Government of West Bengal Retrieved 4 June 2015 India portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ward No 110 Kolkata Municipal Corporation amp oldid 1097535224, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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