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Volsci

February 15, 2024

The Volsci (UK: /ˈvɒlskiː/, US: /ˈvɔːl-, ˈvɒlsaɪ, -siː/,[1][2][3] Latin: [ˈwɔɫskiː]) were an Italic tribe, well known in the history of the first century of the Roman Republic. At the time they inhabited the partly hilly, partly marshy district of the south of Latium, bounded by the Aurunci and Samnites on the south, the Hernici on the east, and stretching roughly from Norba and Cora in the north to Antium in the south.[4] Rivals of Rome for several hundred years, their territories were taken over by and assimilated into the growing republic by 300 BC. Rome's first emperor Augustus was of Volscian descent.

Volscian settlements (in red)

Description by the ancient geographers edit

Strabo says that the Volsci formed a sovereign state near the site of Rome.[5] It was placed in the Pomentine plain, between the Latins and the Pontine marshes, which took their name from the plain.

Language edit

Main article: Volscian language

The Volsci spoke Volscian, a Sabellic Italic language, which was closely related to Oscan and Umbrian, and more distantly to Latin.[6]

In the Volscian territory lay the little town of Velitrae (modern Velletri), home of the ancestors of Caesar Augustus. From this town comes an inscription dating probably from early in the 3rd century BC; it is cut upon a small bronze plate (now in the Naples Museum), which must have once been fixed to some votive object, and dedicated to the god Declunus (or the goddess Decluna).[4]

Conflict with ancient Rome edit

Main article: Roman-Volscian wars

The Volsci were among the most dangerous enemies of ancient Rome, and frequently allied with the Aequi, whereas their neighbors, the Hernici, were allied with Rome after 486 BC.[7][4]

According to the semi-legendary history of early Rome, its seventh and last king, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, was the first to go to war against the Volsci, commencing two centuries of conflict between the two states.[8]

Gaius Marcius Coriolanus, the legendary Roman warrior, earned his cognomen after capturing the Volscian town of Corioli in 493 BC. The reputed rise and fall of this Roman hero is chronicled in Plutarch's Parallel Lives, which served as the basis for the Shakespeare play, Coriolanus.[9]

However, if Livy's account of the war between Rome and Clusium is accurate, it would seem that the relationship between Rome and the Volsci was not always hostile. Livy writes that at the approach of the Clusian army in 508 BC, with the prospect of a siege, the Roman senate arranged for the purchase of grain from the Volsci to feed the lower classes of Rome.[10]

Prominent Volsci edit

Prominent Romans of Volscian ancestry edit

Roman Gentes of Volscian origin edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Volsci". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (5th ed.). HarperCollins. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  2. ^ "Volsci". Collins English Dictionary. HarperCollins. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  3. ^ "Volsci". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  4. ^ a b c   One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Conway, Robert Seymour (1911). "Volsci". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 197–198.
  5. ^ Strabo. "Book 5 Chapter 3". Geography. Tufts University, Perseus Digital Library.
  6. ^ James Clackson; Geoffrey Horrocks (23 May 2011). The Blackwell History of the Latin Language. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 59–. ISBN 978-1-4443-9358-3.
  7. ^ Nathan Rosenstein; Robert Morstein-Marx (7 September 2011). A Companion to the Roman Republic. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 279–. ISBN 978-1-4443-5720-2.
  8. ^ Livy Ab urbe condita 1.53
  9. ^ William Shakespeare (1969). Coriolanus. CUP Archive. ISBN 978-0-521-07529-9.
  10. ^ Livy Ab urbe condita 2. 9

Further reading edit

  • Coarelli, Filippo. "Roma, i Volsci e il Lazio antico". In: Crise et transformation des sociétés archaïques de l'Italie antique au Ve siècle av. JC. In: Actes de la table ronde de Rome (19-21 novembre 1987). Rome: École Française de Rome, 1990. pp. 135–154. (Publications de l'École française de Rome, 137) [www.persee.fr/doc/efr_0000-0000_1990_act_137_1_3901]

February 15, 2024
volsci, ɔː, latin, ˈwɔɫskiː, were, italic, tribe, well, known, history, first, century, roman, republic, time, they, inhabited, partly, hilly, partly, marshy, district, south, latium, bounded, aurunci, samnites, south, hernici, east, stretching, roughly, from,. The Volsci UK ˈ v ɒ l s k iː US ˈ v ɔː l ˈ v ɒ l s aɪ s iː 1 2 3 Latin ˈwɔɫskiː were an Italic tribe well known in the history of the first century of the Roman Republic At the time they inhabited the partly hilly partly marshy district of the south of Latium bounded by the Aurunci and Samnites on the south the Hernici on the east and stretching roughly from Norba and Cora in the north to Antium in the south 4 Rivals of Rome for several hundred years their territories were taken over by and assimilated into the growing republic by 300 BC Rome s first emperor Augustus was of Volscian descent Volscian settlements in red Contents 1 Description by the ancient geographers 2 Language 3 Conflict with ancient Rome 4 Prominent Volsci 4 1 Prominent Romans of Volscian ancestry 4 2 Roman Gentes of Volscian origin 5 References 6 Further readingDescription by the ancient geographers editStrabo says that the Volsci formed a sovereign state near the site of Rome 5 It was placed in the Pomentine plain between the Latins and the Pontine marshes which took their name from the plain Language editMain article Volscian language The Volsci spoke Volscian a Sabellic Italic language which was closely related to Oscan and Umbrian and more distantly to Latin 6 In the Volscian territory lay the little town of Velitrae modern Velletri home of the ancestors of Caesar Augustus From this town comes an inscription dating probably from early in the 3rd century BC it is cut upon a small bronze plate now in the Naples Museum which must have once been fixed to some votive object and dedicated to the god Declunus or the goddess Decluna 4 Conflict with ancient Rome editMain article Roman Volscian wars The Volsci were among the most dangerous enemies of ancient Rome and frequently allied with the Aequi whereas their neighbors the Hernici were allied with Rome after 486 BC 7 4 According to the semi legendary history of early Rome its seventh and last king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus was the first to go to war against the Volsci commencing two centuries of conflict between the two states 8 Gaius Marcius Coriolanus the legendary Roman warrior earned his cognomen after capturing the Volscian town of Corioli in 493 BC The reputed rise and fall of this Roman hero is chronicled in Plutarch s Parallel Lives which served as the basis for the Shakespeare play Coriolanus 9 However if Livy s account of the war between Rome and Clusium is accurate it would seem that the relationship between Rome and the Volsci was not always hostile Livy writes that at the approach of the Clusian army in 508 BC with the prospect of a siege the Roman senate arranged for the purchase of grain from the Volsci to feed the lower classes of Rome 10 Prominent Volsci editCamilla in Virgil s Aeneid a Volscian Warrior Maiden like the legendary Amazons Attius Tullus Aufidius leader of the Volsci during the Roman Volscian wars Prominent Romans of Volscian ancestry edit Augustus first Roman emperor Decius Roman emperor from 249 to 251 Roman Gentes of Volscian origin edit Balventia gens Messia gens Octavia gens Pomptina gens Publicia gensReferences edit Volsci The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language 5th ed HarperCollins Retrieved 31 May 2019 Volsci Collins English Dictionary HarperCollins Retrieved 31 May 2019 Volsci Merriam Webster com Dictionary Retrieved 31 May 2019 a b c nbsp One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Conway Robert Seymour 1911 Volsci In Chisholm Hugh ed Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 28 11th ed Cambridge University Press pp 197 198 Strabo Book 5 Chapter 3 Geography Tufts University Perseus Digital Library James Clackson Geoffrey Horrocks 23 May 2011 The Blackwell History of the Latin Language John Wiley amp Sons pp 59 ISBN 978 1 4443 9358 3 Nathan Rosenstein Robert Morstein Marx 7 September 2011 A Companion to the Roman Republic John Wiley amp Sons pp 279 ISBN 978 1 4443 5720 2 Livy Ab urbe condita 1 53 William Shakespeare 1969 Coriolanus CUP Archive ISBN 978 0 521 07529 9 Livy Ab urbe condita 2 9Further reading editCoarelli Filippo Roma i Volsci e il Lazio antico In Crise et transformation des societes archaiques de l Italie antique au Ve siecle av JC In Actes de la table ronde de Rome 19 21 novembre 1987 Rome Ecole Francaise de Rome 1990 pp 135 154 Publications de l Ecole francaise de Rome 137 www persee fr doc efr 0000 0000 1990 act 137 1 3901 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Volsci amp oldid 1179812767, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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